Gearbox VAZ 2114: gear shift diagram and device

The gearbox in a car (hereinafter referred to as the gearbox) is designed to change and transform due to the influence (switching) of the engine gear ratio. It allows you to change the rate of acceleration, increase speed characteristics at different speeds and makes the wheels rotate at different speeds. Sometimes every driver, when operating a car, is faced with the issue of servicing or repairing a gearbox on a VAZ 2114. Some began to notice problems in this unit, others are interested in its uninterrupted and long service, since this element is one of the main ones in the overall structure of the car.

VAZ 2114 gearbox device

Box removal process

Removing the VAZ 2114 box is quite simple, although there are some peculiarities, so it is still advisable to have an experienced partner next to you for the first time.

Tools

• a set of keys;
• Screwdriver Set;
• WD-40 fluid in case you can’t unscrew some part;

Rust converter WD-40
Gears are difficult to shift

Spontaneous gear disengagement occurs

Gears are switched on with noise and crackling

There is an oil leak from the gearbox

• container for draining old transmission oil;
• new oil (if the replacement was carried out a long time ago);
• rags;
• board.


Gearbox VAZ 2114 disassembled

Stages

Since you will have to work under the car, it is better to place the VAZ 2114 car on a pit or overpass; a car lift would be a good solution, otherwise you will have to resort to jacks.

1. First you need to remove the terminals and remove the battery.
2. Drain the oil from the gearbox into a prepared container by unscrewing the drain plug.
3. We remove the starter.
4. Remove the clutch cable.
5. We disconnect the block with wires from the speed sensor, after compressing the spring.
6. We unscrew the bolt attaching the ignition bracket to the gearbox. Then unscrew the remaining bolts.
7. Under the car we find and disconnect the block of wires leading to the reverse sensor.
8. Unscrew the bolts securing the linkage bracket to the gearbox.
9. Having first loosened the gear shift rod clamp, we pull it out, pushing it back.
10. We dismantle the wheel drives. You can leave the right one.
11. In order for the gearbox to be removed without any complications, unscrew the bolts with which the left ball joint is attached to the steering knuckle.
12. We disconnect the lower mount of the gearbox to the engine - sometimes you can get by by simply loosening the tightening of the bracket.
13. After unscrewing the bolts, remove the transmission housing cover.
14. Unscrew the bolt on the left of the gearbox.
15. We carefully and carefully hang the engine using a board or other device.
16. At the bottom of the car, unscrew the nut securing the left motor mount.
17. We unscrew the two nuts with which the rear motor mount is attached to the body.
18. We unscrew the two bolts with which the rear engine support is attached to the transmission (the second key is used to keep the nuts from turning), and remove the support.
19. We move the box along the guides.
20. This completes the process of removing the box; after completing all the necessary tasks, assembly occurs in the reverse order.
21. When you put the box in place, do not forget to adjust the clutch and fill it with new oil.

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Repair of VAZ 2114 gearbox

According to the source of this article, provaz2114.ru, the most reliable method of keeping the mechanism in good condition is prevention of malfunctions (systematic maintenance) and proper operation. But even so, situations are possible that require prompt repairs. When the gearbox cannot be repaired, information becomes relevant about how much a new VAZ 2114 gearbox costs? Estimated price in stores is 16 thousand rubles, used: 4000-10000 rubles. When the gear knob is loose on a VAZ 2114, it is possible that the solution to the problem is to install a new one. The VAZ 2114 gearbox linkage also needs to be replaced.

Device

To understand the essence of repairing, disassembling and assembling a gearbox, first of all you need to get acquainted with its structure. In the case of the VAZ 2109, the box structure is as follows:

• On the input shaft there is a block of drive gears that are in constant mesh with the driven gears of the gears when moving forward;
• The second shaft has driven gears with needle bearings. There is also a pair of synchronizers located there;
• The secondary shaft is created together with the drive gear of the main transmission;
• The driven gear of the main gear is attached to the flange of the two-pinion differential box;
• Differential bearings are always mounted with interference, which is adjusted by selecting rings of different thicknesses.

Checkpoint diagram

Gear ratios (row)

These are the gears of each gear, which also have their own size.

They characterize the speed of the car in one gear or another. The standard VAZ uses the following numbers:

Above are the specifications with standard parameters.

The standard series on 2114 is far from ideal. The first gear is too short, the second is too long. Due to this, there is a sharp drop in dynamics when switching from first to second. Not only is there a failure, but when switching sharply, the second speed synchronizer slowly dies.

Therefore, there are sports series where the gap between 1st and 2nd is removed, and not only: sports series are selected according to the type of engine. It could just be a good city engine, or a sports engine, or tailored for 402-meter racing. There are also “turbo” gears designed for a turbo engine.

Malfunctions and their elimination

Gearbox repair largely depends on the nature and type of fault. There are several options for the breakdown of this unit, in each of which appropriate actions should be taken to eliminate them.

Malfunction

Possible reasons

What do we have to do

There is noise in the gearbox

• The teeth on the gears are worn out;
• Bearings are worn out;
• The oil level in the gearbox has decreased

• Add oil;
• Replace worn bearings;
• Replace seals if necessary

• The clutch is not fully depressed;
• The rod that controls the gear shift mechanism has become deformed;
• The integrity of the jet thrust has been compromised;
• The joint or rod that selects the gear is loose;
• The speed change drive is incorrectly adjusted;
• The plastic components of the gear shift drive are broken

Dismantling

To dismantle the box, we recommend that you rely on the instructions, strictly follow the sequence and reinforce your skills with visual videos.

1. Disconnect the negative terminal from the battery and drain the oil from the gearbox system.
2. Unscrew the bolts that hold the crankcase guard in place and remove it.
3. Disconnect the ground (wire) from the clutch housing.
4. At the end of the clutch cable, loosen the tension on the nuts slightly.
5. Remove the cable end from the clutch lever.
6. Disconnect the block from the traction relay.
7. Disconnect the wire going to the starter traction relay.
8. Dismantle the starter itself directly.
9. Disconnect the drive rod from the joint tip. We are talking about traction, which switches gears.
10. Disconnect the cable from the car's speedometer drive.
11. Unscrew the tie rod ball joint.
12. Remove and press the steering rod hinge pin out of the strut swing arm.
13. The shank of the inner CV joint of the front wheel drive should be pressed out and moved to the side.
14. Disconnect the second CV joint.
15. Remove the clutch housing shield.
16. Release the gearbox from the fasteners holding it to the engine.
17. Remove the box.

Carefully remove the gearbox

Be sure to move it horizontally away from the motor before directly removing the box. Then disengage the input shaft. Be careful not to damage the clutch spring petals.

Disassembly

Having removed the gearbox, you can proceed directly to the main thing - disassembly. This will allow you to change damaged elements as you work, identify existing faults and solve problems on your own.

1. Clean and thoroughly wash all external surfaces of the gearbox.
2. Place the box in a vertical position and remove the back cover.
3. Remove the clutch cable bracket, then use a rubber hammer to knock the rear cover off the gearbox.
4. Remove the old gasket. She will be replaced.
5. Engage any of the two gears - 3 or 4.
6. Unscrew the bolt that holds 5th gear, then turn it on.
7. Simultaneously turning on the indicated speeds will allow you to fix the shaft and prevent it from turning.
8. Unscrew the nut on the secondary shaft, and then on the primary one.
9. Remove the 5th speed synchronizer along with the fork.
10. Remove the fork from the coupling. Remove the synchronizer as carefully as possible. If you allow the clutch to move away from the hub, the spring-loaded balls that secure the synchronizer will simply fall apart.
11. Remove the 5th speed synchronizer locking ring.
12. Remove the 5th speed driven gear from the output shaft.
13. Remove the thrust ring located on the needle bearing.
14. Remove the needle bearing itself from the 5th speed gear.
15. Remove the drive gear from the drive shaft and remove the bearing plate.
16. Now the needle bearing bushings should be removed from the secondary shaft, and the thrust washer should also be removed.

Gear shift mechanism

The gearshift mechanism is usually mounted in gearbox covers and is used to select, engage, and disengage gears. In addition, devices are installed in the gear shift mechanism that prevent the inclusion of two gears at the same time and prevent spontaneous gear shifting.

The main requirements for this mechanism are ease and simplicity of gearbox control, noiseless and smooth gear shifting, reliable locking of the engaged gear, prevention of simultaneous engagement of two or more gears, as well as protection from engaging a gear opposite to the vehicle's movement while moving. In addition, the activation mechanism must be reliable, durable, not requiring complex adjustments and easy to maintain. Malfunctions of the gear shift mechanism can lead to damage to parts and failure of such an expensive unit as a gearbox.

***

The gearbox shift mechanism of a truck (Fig. 1, a) consists of three rods, three forks, three clamps with balls, a fuse for engaging first gear and reverse gear and a locking device. Rods 8, 9, 11 are located in the holes of the internal bosses of the crankcase cover 1. Forks 5, 7, 10 are attached to them, connected to the synchronizer carriages and to the movable gear wheel for engaging first gear and reverse gear.

Clamps 4 hold the rods in the neutral or engaged position, which prevents spontaneous gear disengagement. Each retainer is a ball with a spring installed above the rods in special sockets in the crankcase cover. The rods for the clamp balls have special grooves (holes). Moving the rod with the fork, and therefore the synchronizer, is only possible when force is applied by the driver, as a result of which the ball sinks into its seat.

The locking device prevents two gears from being engaged simultaneously. It consists of a pin 12 and two pairs of balls 6 located between the rods in a special horizontal channel of the crankcase cover. When any rod moves, the other two are locked with balls that fit into the corresponding grooves on the slides.

In order to prevent accidental engagement of reverse gear or first gear when the vehicle is moving, a fuse is mounted in the wall of the gearbox cover, consisting of a bushing, a ring with a spring 3 and a stop. To engage first gear or reverse gear, it is necessary to press the fuse spring all the way, for which some force is applied to the driver control lever.

***

The gear shift mechanism of a passenger car (Fig. 1, b) is arranged as follows. Rod 14 of the third and fourth gear shift fork is installed in the holes of the front and rear walls of the crankcase, and rods 13 and 16 are installed in the holes of the rear wall and crankcase boss.

The 15, 21, 23 gear shift forks are secured with a bolt on each rod. To hold the rods in the neutral position and in one of the extreme positions when the gear is engaged, they have three sockets, to which the retainer ball 20 is pressed by a spring 19. The clamps are located in bushings and are closed with a cover 18. In the head of each rod there is a groove into which the lower end of the gear shift lever fits.

The locking device consists of three locking blocks 17. The two outer blocks are installed in the holes of the rear wall of the crankcase, and the middle block is in the hole of the rod 14. When the rod 13 or 16 moves, it squeezes out a block that fits into the socket of the middle rod and at the same time presses the other through the middle block cracker to the socket of the opposite rod. This way, these rods will be locked in the neutral position. When moving the middle rod 14, two crackers are squeezed out at once and the outer rods 13 and 16 are fixed.

***

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