Why do they pour? mWhat about the rear axle gearbox? Timely filling of oil fluid into the rear axle gearbox is necessary to improve the interaction of unit parts and extend their service life. Typically, automobile components break down due to wear and tear and poor maintenance.
Fault prevention makes it possible to prevent the occurrence of various problems in the unit. You need to understand how the oil is changed in the transfer case and rear gearbox, and be able to choose what kind of oil to pour into the rear axle gearbox.
When to change
The replacement frequency is on average 50 thousand kilometers for cars with a manual transmission, and 30 thousand for an automatic one.
It is more often necessary to change the oil on cars that are used in difficult conditions, which include:
In a new car, it is recommended to replace it after the first 2-3 thousand mileage. The fact is that at the initial stage of work, new components undergo the so-called “grinding in”, which is characterized by increased formation of wear products.
Many car owners change the oil in the gearbox at the same time as the manual transmission, since both units use transmission fluid.
Be sure to check the level and condition of the oil in the gearboxes after purchasing a car on the secondary market. Usually, before selling, owners change lubricants only in places where they can be easily checked. Gearboxes are not one of these.
Classification
According to DIN
According to DIN 51517, the classification and marking of gear oils is as follows.
| Class | Description | Properties |
| 51517-1(C) | Mineral oil without additives | The most affordable product. Compatible with unloaded and lightly loaded systems |
| 51517-2 (CL) | Mineral oil with anti-corrosion and antioxidant additives | Oils with extended shelf life for systems without anti-wear requirements |
| 51517-3 (CLP) | Mineral oil with additional anti-wear additives | Used in mechanisms that require enhanced protection against wear of parts |
According to AGMA
Another generally accepted classification was developed by the American Lubricants Manufacturers Association (AGMA). This specification determines the viscosity of oils for gears and gearboxes. The viscosity ratio according to AGMA and ISO standards is given in the table below.
| AGMA | Corresponding ISO grade | AGMA (EP gear oils) | AGMA (synthetic gear oils) |
| 32 | 0 S | ||
| 1 | 46 | 1 S | |
| 2 | 68 | 2 EP | 2 S |
| 3 | 100 | 3 EP | 3S |
| 4 | 150 | 4 EP | 4 S |
| 5 | 220 | 5 EP | 5S |
| 6 | 320 | 6 EP | 6S |
| 7, 7Comp | 460 | 7 EP | 7S |
| 8, 8 Comp | 680 | 8 EP | 8S |
| 8A Comp | 1000 | 8A EP | — |
| 9 | 1500 | 9 EP | 9S |
| 10 | — | 10 EP | 10 S |
| 11 | — | 11 EP | 11 S |
| 12 | — | 12 EP | 12 S |
| 13 | — | 13 EP | 13S |
According to ISO (gear oil viscosity grades)
The viscosity of gear oils is assessed according to the ISO VG standard. The abbreviation VG stands for viscosity grade, which translated from English means “viscosity grade”. High-quality gear oils meet the requirements of ISO classes from 2 to 1500. ROLF Lubricants GmbH products are presented in the following viscosity range: 68, 100, 150, 220, 320, 460.
Checking the level and condition of the oil in the gearbox
The level and condition of the oil in the gearbox is checked “cold”, when all the liquid collects in the crankcase.
The oil should be at the level of the filler hole, 2-5 millimeters below. To check, unscrew the filler plug and use a stick, wire, finger, or other improvised means to find out the level. The condition can be checked here by taking a small amount of liquid with a syringe and tube.
You can also assess the condition of the lubricant by unscrewing the drain plug for a few seconds. Tighten the filler first, so the oil will flow much more slowly. If the car has been sitting for several hours before, all foreign particles will settle in the crankcase, and you will get a clearer picture of the condition of the oil.
The presence of metal particles in the waste indicates that the gearbox components have a high degree of wear, and serious repairs and replacement of parts may soon be necessary.
What and how much to fill
It is best to fill the gearbox with gear oil recommended by the manufacturer. Information is indicated in the technical documentation, and it is very important to focus on compliance with the API class.
Almost all modern automakers require the use of oils of at least GL-4 and GL-5 in their transmissions, gearboxes and transfer cases, which contain extreme pressure and other additives and are adapted to work in the most severe conditions.
If you don’t know what kind of oil and how much is poured into the gearbox of your car, look for it in the table. We have collected information on approvals for various vehicles from many available sources.
If the car has 2 or 3 axles, then the total amount of fluid is indicated.
LSD (Limited Slip Differential) - self-locking differential, or limited slip differential.
| Automobile | Oil | Volume (l) |
| VAZ | ||
| 2101 | 80W90 or 75W90 | 1,50 |
| 2105/2106 | Lukoil 80W90 GL-5, TAD-17 80W-90 | 1,30 |
| 2107 | CASTROL Syntrans Transaxle 75W-90 API GL-4, Lukoil 80W90 GL-5 | 1,50 |
| 2121 | Lukoil TM-5 (75W-90, 80W-90, 85W-90), TNK Trans Gipoid (80W-90) | 2,50 |
| GAS | ||
| 53 | TAD-17 (TM-5-18) | 8,20 |
| 66 | TSP-14gip, TAp-15V, TAD-17i, TEp-15 | 14,10 |
| Valdai | TM5-18, TAD-17, Castrol Axle EPX 80W-90 | 8,00 |
| Next | Shell Spirax S5 ATE 75W-90, YOKO 75 W 90, TOTAL TRANS SYN FE 75W90, LIQUI MOLI GL4/GL5 75W90 | 2,70 |
| Business | 75W90, 80W90 | 2,30 |
| 3110/31105 (Volga) | THK Trans 80W-90, ZIC G-5 80W90, TM-5 85-90 Lukoil | 1,70 |
| 3307/3309 | TSp-14gip, SAE 85W-90, 75W-90 | 8,20 |
| ZIL | ||
| 130 | TAD-17i (TM-5-18), 80W90 GL-5 | 10,50 |
| 131 | TSp-15K API GL-3 | 15,00 |
| 5301 (Goby) | TSp-14gip, TAD-17 (TM5-18) 80W90 Gl-5 | 3,30 |
| KAMAZ | ||
| 4308 | TSP-15k (TM-3-18) | 7,50 |
| 43118 | TSp-15K | 20,00 |
| 5320 | TSP-15k (TM-3-18) | 14,00 |
| 6520 | TSP-15k (TM-3-18), TAD-17 (TM-5-18), ZIC GFT 75W-90, Castrol Syntrax Long Life 75W-90 | 14,00 |
| LUAZ | ||
| 969 | TM5-18, TAD-17 | 1,40 |
| MAZ | ||
| 5516 | TM-5, tsp-15k | 15,00 |
| MOSKVICH | ||
| 412 | TAD-17 Type TM-5-18 80W-90, 75W90 GL-5, | 1,20 |
| 2140 | 80W90GL-5 | 1,30 |
| UAZ | ||
| Patriot | SAE 75W/90 API GL-5, Zic GF Top 75W-85, Castrol Syntrax Long Life 75W90 | 2,70 |
| AUDI | ||
| A6 C6 | SAE 75W90 GL-5 (MOTUL Gear 300 LS) | 2,40 |
| A4 | G 052 145 S 2 | 1,50 |
| BMW | ||
| x5 f10 | BMW 33 11 7 695 240 "SAF-XO 75W-90 | 1,60 |
| x5 e60 | Castrol SAF-XO 75w90, Motul 75W90, MOTUL Gear Competition 75W-140 | 2,60 |
| x3 e36 (with lock) | 75W140 (CASTROL SYNTRAX LIMITED SLIP GL-5) | 2,00 |
| x3 e36 (without locking) | 75W90 GL-5 | 2,00 |
| x3 e90 | Syntrax 75w90 | 1,00 |
| x5 e70 | Castrol SYNTRAX LONG LIFE 75W-90 | 2,00 |
| x5 e53 | Castrol Syntrax Longlife (SAF-XO) 75W-90, SYNTRAX 75W90 | 2,00 |
| x5 e34 (with lock) | 75W140 (CASTROL SYNTRAX LIMITED SLIP GL-5) | 1,70 |
| x5 e34 (without locking) | 75W90 GL-5 | 1,70 |
| x5 e39 | 75W90 GL-5 | 1,20 |
| m5 e39 | Сasrtrol Syntrax Limited Slip 75W-140 | 1,20 |
| CADILLAC | ||
| CTS | 75W90 | 2,00 |
| CHEVROLET | ||
| Niva | 80W-90 GL-4 | 2,50 |
| Captiva | Castrol SYNTRAX UNIVERSAL 75W90 | 0,60 |
| TrailBlazer | 75W90 GL-4/GL-5 | 3,00 |
| FORD | ||
| Explorer 5 | Castrol Syntrax Limited Slip 75w140 | 1,20 |
| EcoSport | Comma SX1L 75W90 Gl5 | 1,00 |
| Maverick | 80W90, 75W140 (Liqui Moly SAE 80W-90) | 1,50 |
| Transit | GL4/5 75W90/75W-140 | 3,00 |
| Kuga 2 | SAE 80W-90F | 1,20 |
| GREAT WALL | ||
| Safe | API GL-5 80W90, 75W90 GL-5 | 5,00 |
| Wingle 5 | 80W90Gl5 | 4,30 |
| HAMMER | ||
| H3 | SAE 75W90 class GL-5 | 3,80 |
| HONDA | ||
| CR-V 1 | Honda DPF II | 1,00 |
| CR-V 2 | DPS-F | 1,40 |
| CR-V 3 | Honda DPS-F | 1,40 |
| CR-V 4 | DPSF-II | 1,40 |
| Stepwagon | DPF II (DPS-F) 082009007 | 1,20 |
| HYUNDAI | ||
| Santa Fe | Shell Spirax AXME 75W90 | 1,00 |
| Santa Fe (limited slip gearbox) | CASTROL SYNTRAX LIMITED SLIP (75W-140) | 1,00 |
| ix35 | 75W90 | 0,80 |
| Tucson | 80W90 GL-4/Gl-5 (Shell Spirax S3 AX 80W-90), 75W90 GL-5 (Сastrol Syntrax Universal 75W-90) | 0,90 |
| Galloper | SAE 80W90 API GL5, 75W90 GL-5 (Mobilube Syn LS 75W-90, Castrol SAF-XJ 75W-140) | 3,50 |
| Grand Starex | GL-5 75W-90 | 2,20 |
| Porter | SAE GL-5 75w90, 75W140 | 2,80 |
| KIA | ||
| Sorento 2 | Castrol Syntrax Universal Plus 75W90, RAVENOL TGO 75W90 | 1,00 |
| Sportage 2 | 75W90 GL-5 (Mobil Mobilube HD 75W90 GL-5, CASTROL 4008177071768 "Syntrax Longlife 75W-90) | 0,80 |
| Sportage 3 | GL5 75W90 LSD, Liqui Moly SAE 75W-90 GL5 | 0,65 |
| LAND ROVER | ||
| Evoque | Castrol Syntrax Long Life 75w90 | 2,00 |
| Freelander | LR003156, Castrol Syntrax Long Life 75W-140 | 0,70 |
| Freelander 2 | Castrol EPX oil | 0,70 |
| Range rover (front) | CASTROL SYNTRAX LONG LIFE 75W-90 | 0,80 |
| Range rover (rear without locking) | CASTROL SYNTRAX LONG LIFE 75W-90 | 1,60 |
| Range rover (rear with locking) | Castrol SAF-XJ 75W-140 | 1,80 |
| Discovery 3 | Castrol SAF-XO | 1,70 |
| LEXUS | ||
| Is 250 | Toyota Gear Oil LT 75W-85, Castrol TAF-X 75W90 | 2,00 |
| Rx 300 | 80-W90 | 0,90 |
| MAN | ||
| TGA | syntrax longlife 75w-90 | 15,00 |
| MAZDA | ||
| CX-5 | Neste Hypoidi S 75w-90 GL-5 | 0,45 |
| CX-7 | API GL-4/GL-5 80W90 | 1,00 |
| Titan | 75W90 GL-5, 80W90 Gl4/Gl5 | 3,00 |
| MERCEDES | ||
| Atego | 80W-90, 85W/90, 75W-90 | 6,80 |
| M.L. | 85W90GL5 | 3,00 |
| w123 | SAE 85W90 Gl5, SAE 80W890 GL5 | 2,00 |
| w124 | MB 235.0 - 85W90, MB 235.7 A 75W-90 (Spirax S6 AXME 75W-90, Fuchs TITAN SINTOPOID FE 75W-85, Mobilube FE 75W-85) | 1,10 |
| w164 (without blocking) | 235.7/235.74 a0019893303 | 2,20 |
| w164 (rear with locking) | 235.15 a0019895903 | 1,60 |
| w202 | 75W85 | 1,00 |
| w203/210 | MERCEDES A «75W-85, Fuchs TITAN SINTOPOID FE 75W-85 | 1,00 |
| w204/w211/w212 | 235.7 (75W90) | 1,60 |
| w204/w211/w212 (rear 204.077/277) | 236.61 (75W140) | 1,20 |
| Sprinter | Castrol Syntrans Multivehicle 75W-90, TITAN SINTOFLUID FE SAE 75W | 1,80 |
| Gelandwagen | 75W90 Gl-4/GL-5, 75W85, 75W140 | 3,00 |
| MITSUBISHI | ||
| Outlander xl | 80W90 Gl-5, 75W90 GL-5 (Motul GEARBOX 80W-90, MOBILUBE 1 SHC 75W-90, Eneos gear 80W90 Gl-5) | 0,50 |
| Delica | 80W90GL-4 | 2,50 |
| Pajero Sport (front) | Castrol syntrax long life 75W-90 | 0,90 |
| Pajero Sport (rear with LSD) | Mobilube SYN LS 75W-90, Mobil 1 Synthetic Gear Lube LS 75W-90 | 2,60 |
| Pajero Sport (rear without LSD) | Castrol syntrax long life 75W-90 | 2,60 |
| L200 | GL-5 SAE 80W | 3,80 |
| Pajero 4 | GL-5 SAE 80W | 2,75 |
| NISSAN | ||
| Atlas | SAE 75W90 Gl-4 | 2,00 |
| Pathfinder (front) | Nissan Differential fluid 80w-90 | 0,80 |
| Pathfinder (rear) | 75W-90 | 1,80 |
| Murano | Nissan GL5 ke907-99932 80w90 | 0,55 |
| NP300 | NISSAN KE907-99932 “Differential Oil 80W90 | 2,60 |
| X trail t31 | Nissan Differential Fluid (KE907-99932), Castrol Syntrax universal plus 75w90 GL-4/GL-5 | 0,60 |
| Juke | NISSAN DIFFERENTIAL FLUID SAE 80W-90 | 0,40 |
| Qashqai | API GL-5 SAE 80W-90 | 0,55 |
| OPEL | ||
| Antara | LM Hypoid-Getriebeoil TDL (GL-4/GL-5) 75W-90, MOBILUBE 1 SHC 75W-90 Gl4/GL5, Motul Gear 300 75W90 | 0,60 |
| Omega B | 90W 19 42 387 | 1,20 |
| PEUGEOT | ||
| 4007 | Total Transmission X4 GL-5 SAE90 | 0,50 |
| RENAULT | ||
| Duster | Elf TransElf Type B 80W90 | 0,25 |
| SCANIA | ||
| 113 | 80w140 | 13,00 |
| SKODA | ||
| Yeti | CASTROL Syntrax Longlife 75w90 | 2,00 |
| SSANGYONG | ||
| Rexton (front with IOP) | 80W90 | 1,00 |
| Rexton (front without IOP) | 75W90 | 1,00 |
| Rexton (rear continuous) | 80W90GL-5 | 1,50 |
| Rexton (rear IRS) | 75W90 | 1,50 |
| Actyon Sports | 80W90 API GL-5 | 3,30 |
| SUBARU | ||
| Forester | SAE 75W90 (MOTUL Gear 300 75w90, Castrol Syntrax Universal Plus) | 2,00 |
| Impreza/Legacy | API GL-5, SAE 75W90 (Gear 300 75W90) | 2,00 |
| Outback | 75W90GL5 | 2,20 |
| SUZUKI | ||
| Sx4 | Suzuki Gear Oil SAE 80W-90, SAE 80W-90 according to API GL-5 | 0,80 |
| Grand vitara | SAE 80W-90 API GL-5 | 1,80 |
| TOYOTA | ||
| Fielder | Hypoid Gear Oil SX API GL-5 SAE85W-90 | 0,50 |
| Highlander | LT 75W-85 GL-5 TOYOTA | 0,50 |
| Hiace | Toyota API GL-5 SAE80W-90 | 1,50 |
| Hilux | 75W90 | 4,60 |
| Rav 4 | Toyota Synthetic Gear Oil API GL4/GL5, SAE 75W-90 | 1,00 |
| Town Ace | Toyota Gear Oil SX GL-5 85w90 | 2,20 |
| Prado 80 | API 75W90 Gl-5 | 6,00 |
| Prado 100 | 75W90 GL4/GL5, Motul 75W90 Gear | 3,50 |
| Prado 120 | Toyota Gear Oil 80W-90 Gl-5 | 4,00 |
| Prado 120 (LSD) | Toyota Hypoid Gear Oil LSD 85W-90 | 4,00 |
| VOLKSWAGEN | ||
| Tiguan | 75W90 | 1,70 |
| Tuareg (front) | VAG G052145S2 75-w90 API GL-5 | 1,00 |
| Tuareg (rear with locking) | VAG G052196A2 75-w85 LS | 1,60 |
| Tuareg (rear without locking) | VAG G052145S2 | 1,30 |
| Crafter | VAG G 052 145 S2, VAG G 052512A2, Castrol Syntrax Long Life 75W-90 | 1,80 |
| VOLVO | ||
| XC60 | Volvo 80W API GL-5, 1161620 | 1,00 |
| CX90 | 80W-90 API GL-5 | 0,60 |
Technical data:
Each worm gearbox or gearmotor is equipped with a nameplate:
TYPE:
model
S N:
factory number
I:
transmission ratio
Model NMRV
worm gear motor with hollow input shaft in combination with an IEC motor mounting flange. To achieve a compact design, the electric motor model IM B14 (IM 3681) is used whenever possible.
Model
DRV:
a combination of worm gearboxes used to achieve large gear ratios.
Component material:
housing sizes 030 – 090 aluminum
- housing sizes 110 – 150 cast iron
- feet and flanges sizes 030 – 090 aluminum
feet and flanges sizes 110 – 150 – cast iron
- worm - steel
- worm wheel – bronze
- lubricant – synthetic oil
EXAMPLE OF ORDERING DESIGNATION: NMRV- 040 — 30 — 47 -B3 — 0.37
- NMRV -
worm gear motor - 040 —
gear motor size - 30 —
gear ratio - 47 –
rotation speed of the output shaft of the gearmotor, [rpm] - B 3 -
version/method of installation of the geared motor - 0,37 —
motor power
Permissible radial cantilever load on the output shaft (N).
| i | n2 | RV030 | RV040 | RV050 | RV063 | RV075 | RV090 | RV110 | RV130 | RV150 |
| 5 | 280 | 599 | 1149 | 1586 | 2062 | 2428 | 2687 | 3389 | 4433 | 5319 |
| 7.5 | 186 | 691 | 1325 | 1829 | 2378 | 2799 | 3098 | 3908 | 5112 | 6134 |
| 10 | 140 | 758 | 1454 | 2007 | 2609 | 3072 | 3400 | 4288 | 5610 | 6732 |
| 15 | 94 | 868 | 1665 | 2298 | 2988 | 3518 | 3893 | 4910 | 6424 | 7708 |
| 20 | 70 | 954 | 1829 | 2525 | 3283 | 3665 | 4277 | 5395 | 7057 | 8460 |
| 25 | 56 | 1033 | 1981 | 2735 | 3556 | 4187 | 4633 | 5844 | 7645 | 9170 |
| 30 | 47 | 1086 | 2087 | 2881 | 3745 | 4410 | 4880 | 6155 | 8052 | 9660 |
| 40 | 35 | 1204 | 2309 | 3188 | 4145 | 4880 | 5401 | 6812 | 8912 | 10690 |
| 50 | 28 | 1296 | 2485 | 3431 | 4461 | 5252 | 5812 | 7331 | 9590 | 11590 |
| 60 | 24 | 1381 | 2649 | 3658 | 4756 | 5599 | 6196 | 7815 | 10224 | 12260 |
| 80 | 18 | 1516 | 2907 | 4014 | 5218 | 6144 | 6799 | 8576 | 11219 | 13540 |
| 100 | 14 | 1638 | 3142 | 4338 | 5639 | 6639 | 7348 | 9268 | 12124 | 14000 |
Change of oil
It is better to replace it after traveling a short distance (5-10 kilometers). This will allow the oil in the gearbox to warm up and become less viscous.
The car should be in a horizontal position; it is most convenient to work in an inspection hole, on an overpass or using a lift. This will make it easier to get to the gearbox. Use a wire brush to clean the surface around the filler and drain holes.
It would be a good idea to pay attention to the condition of the oil seals; if they wear out, oil may leak out of the gearbox. If smudges are visible in the area of the seals, it is also better to change them immediately.
Why do they pour oil into the rear axle gearbox? Timely filling of oil fluid into the rear axle gearbox is necessary to improve the interaction of unit parts and extend their service life. Typically, automobile components break down due to wear and tear and poor maintenance.
Fault prevention makes it possible to prevent the occurrence of various problems in the unit. You need to understand how the oil is changed in the transfer case and rear gearbox, and be able to choose what kind of oil to pour into the rear axle gearbox.
Common formulations
To lubricate plastic gears, it is best to choose compounds from global brands that have specialized in developing compounds for many decades. Among the most common are the following:
- Silicon Fett. A universal lubricant for plastic that has excellent adhesion and water-repellent properties. Can operate in a wide temperature range, both low and high. When working at high speeds, it does not scatter, but holds well on the surface of the plastic. It has a long service life, it does not require replacement until it practically dries out, which happens after several years of operation. It can be used in mechanisms that combine plastic with metal or rubber. Cannot be used for food processing equipment or in open gearboxes. An analogue is Silicot silicone grease.
- Thermoflex Spezialfett. It is also a universal one, which can be equally used not only in plastic mechanisms, but also in metal ones. It differs in that it retains its properties and structure at low temperatures. But it is not suitable for tall people, as it begins to melt and spread, as a result of which the protective film is destroyed and friction increases. Also cannot be used for food processing equipment.
- SI-180. Domestic silicone grease. Sold in small volume syringes, as it is used to lubricate small mechanisms. The white grease adheres well to the plastic surface without changing its properties at high temperatures. It does not belong to the food group.
- Lubricants for food equipment. This is a separate group, the price of which is much higher than usual, and is used in household equipment and in production. The most popular is OKS 1110, which is used not only for lubrication, but also for sealing. You can also highlight Loctite food-grade lubricant for plastic and rubber, made on a silicone basis. The service life of plastic mechanisms directly depends on their care. Choosing a high-quality lubricant will allow you to achieve optimal, uninterrupted operation and save money on repairs.
How does the rear axle work, why does it wear out?
The rear axle gearbox (transfer case) is a unit connected to each other that transmits torque from the power unit to the wheels. The gearbox is subjected to different loads, the degree of which depends on the speed. Because of this, friction appears in it, which has a destructive effect on its condition. In order to compensate for this effect, a special lubricant is used to soften the movement of moving parts and ensure their integrity. Changing the oil in the gearbox is an important procedure that should not be neglected.
The oil in the rear axle needs to be changed approximately once every thirty-five thousand kilometers. This replacement frequency is recommended by well-known car manufacturers. There are certain signs that, if detected, must immediately replace the consumable (having previously determined what kind of oil to pour into the rear axle gearbox). These include:
- reducing the amount of motor oil;
- the appearance of gray dust in the lubricant;
- changing the shade of the consumable.
The attractive qualities of mineral water and why semi-synthetics are better than others
The main advantage of mineral oil is its affordable cost. Due to the fact that it contains virtually no additives, the most attractive price for the end user is achieved.
In addition, the mineral oil poured into the bridge has sufficient viscosity so as not to penetrate the seals. The change in viscosity indicators with sudden temperature changes is insignificant.
The golden mean is semi-synthetics. It is not as expensive as fully synthetic axle oil, but at the same time it protects moving parts of the units more effectively than mineral oil.
It is important to change the oil on time, since without it metal shavings will accumulate inside. Ultimately, this may cause the mechanism to jam.
The video demonstrates the characteristics of domestic axle oil TAD-17:
The influence of harmful factors on the rear axle of the car
A decrease in the amount of lubricant may be due to a deterioration in its technical characteristics, leading to a change in the viscosity index. Also, the level of consumables may decrease due to normal leaks that occur due to increased loads.
The appearance of gray dust is a sign of worn parts. The outer layer of spare parts wears off over time and precipitates. Once in the car oil, the sediment begins to circulate throughout the lubricant complex. If it ends up on an important part, its holes may become partially blocked. This may cause damage. If this problem is detected, fresh lubricant should be poured into the gearbox immediately. If you find metal particles or shavings in your car oil, it means you need to overhaul the engine and completely replace damaged parts.
Algorithm for changing the oil in the rear axle gearbox
How is the oil changed in the rear axle gearbox? The algorithm is as follows:
- Place the car on a hill (overpass, inspection ditch). This is necessary for unhindered access to components located under the bottom of the machine.
- Warm up the engine. This will reduce the viscosity of the lubricant so that it drains faster.
- Remove the oil filler cap of the gearbox to assess the degree of wear of the consumable.
- Prepare a bucket to drain the used oil product.
- Remove the drain cover located at the bottom of the car.
- If the lubricant is dark in color or you notice foreign particles in it, you need to rinse the lubricant complex. You can use special fluids or regular car oil.
- Close the drain cap to prevent new oil from leaking out of the rear axle.
- Pour fresh consumables into the gearbox (to the edge of the hole). This can be done using a long rubber tube or a syringe, which allows you to pour the lubricant evenly without spilling it. Changing the oil in the rear axle is almost complete.
- Warm up the car and take it for a drive. This will allow fresh oil to pass through the entire lubrication complex, which will ensure the smooth functioning of the vehicle.
Now you know how to change the oil in the rear axle of a VAZ (and any other car). Changing the oil in the rear gearbox is a fairly simple procedure.
Performance Features
Scientists at the API Institute, operating in the United States, have created a classification that provides a comprehensive assessment of gearbox oils depending on their performance properties. Now it is distributed all over the world. The system provides five categories that indicate the level of quality and application features of products with the corresponding index. In the domestic GOST, the classification is indicated only in the letter designations placed at the beginning of the index.
| Performance properties of transmission oils | |||
| API category | Type | Application | Compliance with GOST |
| GL-1 | Mineral oil without additives | TM1 | |
| GL-2 | Oil containing fatty foods | Industrial equipment | TM2 |
| GL-3 | Oil containing extreme pressure additives | Manual gearboxes, gearboxes and rear axles of trucks | TM3 |
| GL-4 | Oil containing anti-wear, extreme pressure and other additives | Manual gearboxes, gearboxes and rear axles of trucks | TM4 |
| GL-5 | Oil containing anti-wear, extreme pressure and other additives | Passenger car gearboxes and drive axles | TM5 |
Which car oil to choose?
What kind of oil should I use? It is possible to use both mineral water and synthetics. Due to its own composition, synthetics resist wear better than mineral water made through petroleum refining, which must be changed frequently. The advantage of mineral oil is its fairly low price. Special additives are added to synthetics, which increase the service life of such motor oil several times. However, the cost of synthetic consumables, especially from well-known manufacturers, is quite high.
Before deciding what kind of oil to pour into the rear axle gearbox, remember that there are also semi-synthetic petroleum products. They are not as expensive as synthetic ones, but they have fairly high technical characteristics (constant viscosity index, excellent lubrication properties). It is not for nothing that semi-synthetics have become so popular among many car owners in the Russian Federation.
The rear axle gearbox is a part of rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive cars. Transmission oil is poured into the rear axle gearbox. The engine crankshaft produces the energy that propels the car. If there were no gearbox, then the incoming energy would cause the wheels to rotate at a very high speed. In this case, the car would be impossible to drive. Since worm gearboxes are modules with a characteristic function of reducing motor torque, it is imperative to monitor the serviceability of such structures.
The wear of the gear teeth of the gearbox is associated with the entry and exit of the mesh. For this reason, the material for the manufacture of the gearbox is high quality hardened steel. Gearbox lubricant sometimes begins to leak through the seals when using the car. For a longer service life of the device, you should constantly monitor the fluid level in the housing, inspecting the gearbox every time.
Design features of gearmotors for variable-frequency electric drives
Industrial oil i-40: characteristics, application, GOST
Gearmotors for variable-frequency electric drives differ in the type of electric motor and the type of fan (pump) for cooling the gearbox.
Most general industrial motors will operate normally when regulated in the 35-50 Hz range. This also applies to gearboxes with lubrication from a pump connected to the gearbox shaft or gearboxes with an impeller on a high-speed shaft. But with a larger control range, it all depends on the duration of operation at frequencies below 35 Hz and the control range. There will be a difference for both the gear part and the electric motor. At duty cycle = 25% and below, the electric motor will still be supplied with 5 Hz or 50 Hz, it will have time to cool down. But if the duty cycle is more than 25%, then at a rotation speed below 300-360 rpm, the engine will overheat and may fail. In any case, at a frequency of less than 35 Hz, the temperature of the electric motor of the gearmotor must be controlled, and at frequencies less than 1 Hz, the speed must also be controlled.
The nature of the gearmotor load also plays an important role. If it is a fan (impeller) or a pump, then this is one thing, but if it is a ball mill, then another. The largest control range without additional options and conditions is obtained for fans and pumps.
Things are a little different with the gearbox lubrication pump connected to the gearbox shaft. When the shaft speed decreases, the pressure and consumption of lubricant (oil) decreases, and under certain conditions, lubricant is not supplied at all or is supplied at 1 drop per minute, which leads to overheating of bearings and gears. In such cases, a forced lubrication system with an electric pump is needed.
STC "Reductor" will help you install such a system on your gearbox, geared motor. Or will replace it with a new one.
Another feature of a variable frequency drive is that you can connect a conventional geared motor (with a three-phase electric motor) to a single-phase network without loss of power. The same applies to a 380-volt electric motor when connected to a 660-volt network. Here the frequency converter replaces the soft starter, the transformer, and, in fact, the frequency converter. But the frequency converter in this case is selected based on current. And it turns out that a gearmotor with AIR112M4 can be connected to a 660 volt network. If you need to connect a 400Hz electric motor to a 50Hz network, then you cannot do without a frequency converter.
Another feature of gearmotors with variable frequency drives is the requirement for independent power supply to the brake and synchronization of its activation with the activation of the electric motor of the gearmotor. Synchronization is especially important in lifting equipment.
Seasonality of oil filling and other conditions
For some car owners who do not use their cars during the cold season, it is important to decide when to change the oil for the gearbox. There are two options: before the service life, and also when parking the car for the winter. Some car owners tend to assume that gear oil causes rust, being in an oxidized and charged state when the car is parked for a long time. From another point of view, the accumulation of oxidation products in the working fluid is a process of activation of special additives.
For example, using waste liquid to impregnate wood to protect it from rotting. While waiting for the opening of the season, the transmission should be provided with an idle load at a certain time interval. This will allow the lubricating fluid to again envelop the surfaces of each of the rubbing parts, which will provide them with protection from rust.
What conditions must be observed when changing the oil? An ordinary driver who does not understand how a car works must understand what is meant by a gear ratio. The higher this characteristic of the gearbox, the greater the load capacity of the car. Consequently, the car will develop a lower speed. Taking into account the manufacturer's recommendations, replacement should be carried out under the following conditions.
- The car's mileage was 45,000 km.
- The car is used under heavy loads and off-road driving, so replacement is carried out every 30 thousand km.
- Silver dust was detected.
- A car was purchased that was already in use.
When changing gearbox oil in winter or autumn, heat it up a little. The lubricant residue that is drained should be carefully inspected to determine whether there are metal shavings in it. If it is discovered, it is necessary to prepare for serious repairs. If the liquid is brown, this may be due to the destruction of existing additives and the presence of water.
When inspecting a vehicle, it is placed on an overpass or inspection pit. This is done with caution, as it poses a great danger to a non-specialist. Next, clean the filler holes using a wire brush. After this, the magnetic drain plug is unscrewed so that the substance can drain into a special container installed above the crankcase.
To quickly drain the oil, the filler box is also unscrewed. This allows you to equalize the pressure in the crankcase at atmospheric level. To carry out the operation, you need to first run the car to ensure the oil warms up.
How to pour oil into the Gazelle or Sable bridge
High-quality operation of Gazelle and Sobol cars can be ensured by periodically changing the lubricant in the gearbox, motor and gearbox. The oil is changed every 3 years of using the car or every 35 thousand km. This must be done when purchasing a new car. If upon inspection it is discovered that the oil has a strong coffee tint or a dust-colored coating, this may indicate the presence of a large number of deposits formed by various additives and metal shavings.
As already noted, transmission oil is used to fill the gearbox. Particular attention should be paid to the viscosity properties of the oil. If a substance is seasonal, then the letter “w” is placed in its designation. Such oils are winter oils. If the letter is missing, then this option can be used in the summer. Practice shows that the use of gear oils is not convenient and profitable.
During the season, the lubricant's lifespan does not completely deplete, so you can use all-season oil. It is applicable in any season, as evidenced by the index, which consists, for example, of the following designations: 75w90 and 85w0140. Each driver should be well aware of the performance characteristics of the substances. They are divided into 5 categories.
In this case, the choice of oil is carried out at the level of knowledge of which category is suitable for a particular brand of car. For a maneuverable and light truck, GL 5 class oil should be used, poured into the gearbox. They change the oil in a Gazelle by placing it on an overpass. If there are metal particles contained in the used oil, the gearbox housing should be washed. In this case, the rear axle is mounted on supports.
Fill the crankcase with 2 liters of motor product or transmission oil. After the hole is screwed in with a plug, the engine should be started for 3 minutes in first gear. After this, it is stopped and the washing is drained.
If a new angle grinder gearbox device is installed on a Gazelle, then the lubricant is replaced after 1 thousand kilometers. Using a 12mm hexagon, unscrew the drain plug to drain the waste liquid into a special container with a volume of at least 3 liters.
If the color of the waste fluid is dark or the substance has visible particles, then the gearbox should be flushed. After cleaning it, the drain plug is replaced. When the fluid has been drained, the following operations are carried out to disconnect the driveline from the rear axle.
- Each axle shaft of the car is removed.
- Next, remove the flange related to the drive gear and cuffs.
- Using a 12mm wrench, I unscrew the 2 bolts for fastening the plates, removing the parts.
- Using a size 17 socket, unscrew 2 bolts.
- By analogy, the second cover is removed.
- Use a wrench or a screwdriver to unscrew the nuts on the bearings.
- The satellite box is removed.
The location for the outer rings must be marked. After assembly they are installed back.
Recommended oil brands for wave gears
The designation of industrial oils consists of four characters, each of which means: the first
(I) - industrial,
the second -
belonging to the group according to purpose (G - for hydraulic systems, T - heavily loaded units), the third
belonging to the group according to performance properties (A - oil without additives, C - oil with antioxidant, anti-corrosion and pro - anti-wear additives, D - oil with antioxidant, anti-corrosion, anti-wear and extreme pressure additives),
fourth
(number) - kinematic viscosity class.
From grease lubricants
the most commonly used are CIATIM-201, Litol-24, Uniol-2 (Table 19.40).
Permissible immersion levels of spur gear
into the oil bath (Fig. 8.1): hm(2m…0.25d2). Here m is the engagement module. The smallest depth is considered to be equal to two engagement modules, but not less than 10 mm. The maximum permissible immersion depth depends on the peripheral speed of the wheel. The slower the wheel rotates, the greater the depth it can be immersed.
It is believed that in two-stage chat
with circumferential
At a low-speed stage card speed of v 1 m/s, it is sufficient to immerse only the low-speed stage wheel in oil. At v
In coaxial gearboxes
when the shafts are located in a horizontal plane, the wheels of the high-speed and low-speed stages are immersed in oil (Fig. 8.2,
a).
When the shafts are located in a vertical plane, the gear and wheel located in the lower part of the housing are immersed in oil (Fig. 8.2,
b).
If the depth of immersion of the wheel turns out to be excessive, then reduce the oil level and install a special lubricating wheel
1
(Fig. 8.2, c).
In bevel or bevel-helical gearboxes
The bevel wheel must be immersed in the oil bath over the entire width
b
of the crown.
worm gear parts into oil
accepted: with the lower position of the worm (Fig. 8.3, a)
h M
= (0.1... 0.5)da1;
at the top (Fig. 8.3, b) h M
=
2t
...
0.25 d 2 .
However, with frequent switching on and short-term operating mode (start-stop-start), gear lubrication is insufficient. To avoid this, the oil level is raised to the engagement level.
If it is important to reduce heat generation and power loss in a worm gear (for example, at a high speed of rotation of the worm and long-term operation of the gear), the oil level in the housing is lowered (Fig. 8.3, c)
To lubricate the gearing, sprinklers 1 are installed on the worm (Fig. 8.3, c, d). In this case, oil is poured to the center of the lower rolling body of the bearing.
Gearbox wheel immersion standards
the same as for gear wheels.
Rice.
8.3
Distance b
between the bottom of the housing and the outer surface of the wheels or worm for all types of gearboxes and gearboxes the following is taken:
b 3a,
where
a was
determined earlier using formula (3.5).
How to change the oil in a VAZ gearbox
There is a periodic replacement of fluid for the VAZ 2107 gearbox twice a year, which is indicated in the vehicle maintenance card. For this purpose, transmission oil is used. It is necessary to replace it before operating the car in summer or winter. It is advisable that the replacement be made after the trip, since the fluid will be hot, which will ensure its better drainage from the crankcase. The temperature of the oil drained after driving the car can be 90 °C.
A special container is prepared to drain the waste liquid. Unscrew the drain plug on the bottom of the crankcase and screw it back when the liquid has already been drained. The gearbox is first washed to begin filling it with new lubricant. If the color of the drained liquid is black, it means it contains metal filings, which indicates a faulty condition of the gearbox.
To troubleshoot the gearbox, it is removed and repaired. Flushing is carried out using oil that has a high viscosity, for example, spindle oil. About a liter of working fluid needs to be poured into the gearbox. Then one rear wheel should be aligned and the engine should be started, engaging first gear. A minute after turning off the engine, flushing is carried out. Next, the hole plug is unscrewed, and new lubricant is pumped into the gearbox with a special syringe.
It is necessary to ensure that the normal level of lubricating fluid at the lower edge of the filler neck is correct. When the gear oil is filled, tighten the plug to check the breather. It must be in good condition, since its function is to relieve excess pressure in the gearbox, which is formed when the liquid is heated.
