Exhaust system of LADA Granta / VAZ 2190 from 2011

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Description of the design of the Lada Granta exhaust gas system

Note:

Below is a description of the design of the Lada Granta exhaust gas system to understand the relative placement and functionality of the individual elements of the corresponding mechanisms.

Exhaust system:

1 – rear suspension cushion of the main muffler;

2 – main muffler;

3 – front suspension cushion of the main muffler;

4 – connecting ring;

5 – clamp bolts;

6 – clamp;

7 – clamp nuts;

8 – nuts securing the additional muffler to the catalytic collector;

9 – locking plate;

10 – sealing gasket of the additional muffler;

11 – diagnostic oxygen concentration sensor;

12 – catalytic collector;

13 – sealing gasket of the intake pipe and catalytic collector;

14 – control oxygen concentration sensor;

15 – bracket for fastening the catalytic converter to the cylinder block;

16 – metal compensator;

17 – additional muffler;

18 – suspension cushions for the additional muffler.

The exhaust system consists of an exhaust manifold integral with the catalytic converter (catalytic converter), additional and main mufflers and pipes connecting them.

A control sensor for oxygen concentration in the exhaust gases (lambda probe) is installed in the upper part of the catalytic converter (before the converter).

Control oxygen concentration sensor

The second oxygen concentration sensor - diagnostic is installed after the neutralizer in the lower part of the catalytic collector.

Diagnostic oxygen concentration sensor

A catalytic converter with two oxygen concentration sensors ensures compliance with Euro-4 toxicity standards.

Catcollector

The vehicle is equipped with a three-component exhaust catalytic converter designed to reduce emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and unburned hydrocarbons into the atmosphere. It is a ceramic block with many pores coated with so-called afterburning catalysts: rhodium, palladium, platinum.

Cat collectors for VAZ-11183 and VAZ-21116 engines

Passing through the pores of the neutralizer, toxic carbon monoxide (CO) is converted into low-toxic carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogen oxides are reduced to harmless nitrogen. The content of toxic hydrocarbon compounds (CH) in exhaust gases is significantly reduced. In general, the degree of gas purification in a working neutralizer reaches 90-95%.

Catalytic Converter Pores

Sealing gasket in the connection of the intake pipe and catalytic collector with the cylinder head

A metal multilayer heat-resistant gasket with a sealing coating is installed between the catalytic collector and the cylinder head (common for the catalytic collector and intake pipe in 8-valve engines).

Gasket for cathode and intake manifold of 8-valve engines

Gasket for catalytic collector of VAZ-21126 engine

For normal operation of the converter, the composition of the exhaust gases (in particular, the oxygen content in them) must be within strictly specified limits. This function is performed by the electronic engine control unit (controller), changing the amount of fuel supplied depending on the readings of the oxygen concentration sensors. The cause of failure of the converter may be interruptions in the ignition system: unburned fuel burns out in the converter, damaging the pores of the converter. This can cause the exhaust system to become clogged and the engine to stall (or severely lose power). Mufflers and catalytic collector are non-separable units; if they fail, they must be replaced with new ones.

The flange of the metal compensator pipe and the additional muffler is attached to the flange of the catenary collector with three studs and nuts.

The connection between the flanges of the additional muffler pipes and the catalytic collector is sealed with a heat-resistant gasket.

Sealing of the flanges of the pipes of the additional muffler and catalytic collector

A bellows-type metal compensator allows the power unit to oscillate on rubber-metal supports without transmitting these vibrations to the exhaust gas system.

Metal compensator for additional muffler

Between the rear part of the additional muffler pipe and the front part of the main muffler pipe there is a metal ring with two spherical outer surfaces, which makes it possible to compensate for errors in the manufacture of parts. The inner surface of the flanges is also spherical, the flanges themselves are tightened with a clamp.

Connection of pipes of additional and main mufflers:

1 – connecting ring;

2 - clamp.

Heat-protective covers are installed on the body, above the additional muffler and metal compensator.

Placement of heat shields for the exhaust system

The exhaust system is suspended from the body on four rubber cushions. Maintenance of the exhaust system consists of periodically inspecting it, checking for tightness of connections and the presence of through corrosion, and also involves tightening loose connections.

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The sequence of actions when installing the nozzle on the Lada Granta Liftback for the muffler

1. We install the machine on a flat platform, with an inspection hole for ease of work.
2. We try on the diffuser to the exhaust pipe and decide on the need to shorten the “gander” of the pipe.
3. To remove a section of the exhaust pipe, use a hacksaw. The use of a welding machine is strictly prohibited for safety reasons. A fuel tank is installed under the bottom; the slightest spark will cause ignition.
4. We process the chamfer with a file and remove metal burrs on the pipe.
5. We put on the diffuser and secure it with two bolts. Depending on the configuration of the accessory, the clamping method can be different, for example, using a clamp.

The work on installing the diffuser yourself has been completed.

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Replacing the first stage muffler (resonator) VAZ 2108 - 21099

When repairing a muffler, inspect the rubber pads of the muffler suspension and resonator. If they are cracked, torn or have lost their elasticity, the pads must be changed. Robot execution order:

1. Remove the clamp by unscrewing the two nuts.
2. Disconnect the resonator pipe and the exhaust muffler pipe, while removing the O-ring.
3. Tighten the clamp bolts and remove the clamp. Disconnect the resonator pipe from the muffler pipe, while removing the O-ring.
4. Lift the resonator, remove the 2 suspension pads from its mounts and dismantle the resonator.
5. The resonator is installed in the reverse order of removal.

The exhaust system of a car performs very important functions in reducing engine noise, reducing the temperature of gases escaping from the cylinders, as well as partially eliminating the smoke and toxicity of exhaust gases.

The malfunction of the elements of such a system cannot go unnoticed. The breakdown of the muffler is especially obvious. When depressurized, this element immediately loses the function for which it received its name.

Considering this feature of the breakdown, it is necessary to restore the functionality of this part as quickly as possible, otherwise increased attention on the road cannot be avoided not only from motorists moving in traffic, but also from traffic police officers.

The easiest way to correct the situation is to install a new part, but due to various circumstances, replacing a faulty muffler may be impossible. Fortunately, it is possible to repair the muffler yourself without welding or replacement.

This article will discuss simple and effective ways to restore the functionality of this element of a car’s exhaust system, but first it should be recalled under what circumstances such a breakdown can occur.

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Front and rear mufflers

The last two parts are the car mufflers themselves in the sense to which we are all accustomed. There are front and rear mufflers. They are intended directly to reduce noise levels, and they do not clean anything.

The front muffler is usually called a resonator. Gases, passing through the previous parts at high speed, create quite a lot of noise. Various gratings and numerous holes, firstly, reduce the speed of gas movement, and at the same time vibration. Special materials are used to absorb sound effects. In this way, it is possible to remove the resonance effect. This is where the main work to reduce vehicle noise takes place.

There are two main types:

Active silencers are made of sound-absorbing material and have a relatively simple design. The only problem is that over time it gets very dirty. Reactive engines use combinations of expansion and resonator chambers.

The last part is actually the main muffler of the vehicle.

The function of the rear muffler is to finally absorb noise and remove exhaust gases. Its internal structure is heterogeneous and consists of a series of small chambers with special fillers.

It should be noted that newer machines, as a rule, combine several technologies at once. The porous structure, partition system and various air ducts allow you to finally get rid of noise and reduce the temperature to a safe one. » alt=»»>