Ignition switch gazelle 5 pins wiring diagram

The quality of the ignition system of foreign and domestic cars affects the performance of cars. Obvious problems result in frequent failures or the inability to start the engine in a timely manner. In most cases, the problem is caused by the electrical part of the ignition switch.

Trucks of the GAZ family and buses can fail their owners due to burnt or oxidized contacts. To restore the functionality of the unit, we recommend studying what the Gazelle ignition switch circuit looks like.

How does the ignition system work?

The system for models with a 402 engine functions similarly to those systems installed on cars with a 406 engine or in a five-seater vehicle. The main tasks performed by the installation are based on the accumulation and subsequent transformation of voltage from low voltage to high voltage. Coils are used for this.

The voltage converted from the coil is sent to the spark plugs screwed into the block. A spark is formed between the spark plug electrodes, which ignites the combustible mixture. The main stages for the Gazelle ignition system are:

• formation of sufficient charge with low voltage;
• raising the charge to high values;
• redistribution of impulse between candles in the sequence specified by the manufacturer;
• sparking at the tips of spark plug electrodes;
• timely ignition of the air-fuel mixture.

To start the rotation of the engine crankshaft, a starter built under the hood is used . Voltage begins to be supplied to it after turning the key to its extreme position.

Gearbox gearbox for GAZ A21R22 NEXT N/O (A21R22-1700010-01)

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The new model gearbox (gearbox) for the GAZelle-NEXT A21R22 car is a mechanical unit that ensures the transmission of torque from the engine to the wheelbase, changing the number of this torque. It is clear that such an important function makes the gearbox one of the main components in every car. Understanding the importance of equipping our customers' cars with only the highest quality gearboxes, we offer gearboxes for GAZ and PAZ directly from the manufacturers, completely eliminating the possibility of including counterfeits in our range.

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The online store "Avtogip52" sells a wide range of original spare parts for cars of domestic brands GAZ, PAZ, UAZ, ZIL. The product catalog includes components for the following models: Gazelle (including modifications Business and Next), Valdai, Sobol, GAZ-3307, 3308, 3309, 4301, GAZ-53, 66, Lawn Next.

Repair work with lock

The driver may encounter a situation in which the motor does not respond after turning the key. One of the probable reasons is a poor connection in the contacts or the connection diagram of the Gazelle ignition switch has been broken. You can carry out repairs yourself in a garage.

With each new start of the engine, the starter may not start the first time, but after 3-4 attempts. Blaming the battery is not always correct. You should look for the cause in the ignition switch, where its switch is located.

Testing begins by disconnecting the electrical connector. Next, using a small piece of wire with uninsulated ends (a bug 6-7 cm long), we close the contacts in the wires of the block suitable for the lock. It is necessary to clarify in advance which wires will be closed in the first position of the key according to the diagram. Next, using a similar bug, we close the starter contacts for a short time (1-2 seconds).

If all operations are tested correctly and respond to the driver’s actions, then it is necessary to repair the contact group or the lock as a whole. The operation begins with dismantling the casing. At the next stage, remove the plastic cover, behind which the ignition switch itself is hidden.

The designers provided for its fixation in the groove to prevent rotation during operation. To assemble, return the plastic cover to its place, screw on the casing and connect the connector.

It is important to know that the cost of the ignition switch is less than 200 rubles.

The pinout of the Gazelle 5-pin ignition switch is slightly different. It is shown in the picture.

General scheme

Modern engines are largely focused on economical operation with reference to environmental requirements.

Therefore, they differ:

1. A large number of various sensors;
2. Increased length of wires;
3. Electronic control units for subsystems and the entire power unit;
4. On-board diagnostic module (computer).

Poster from the service manual for a GAZelle with a ZMZ-40522 engine
. Accordingly, the wiring diagram for the Gazelle 405 has its own characteristics, most of which relate to ensuring the correct operation of the injection system, often called an injector.

This is where, according to many diagnosticians and auto electricians, lies the weak link that affects the car engine. And one such feature will be discussed in this publication.

Electronics help

On cars with EURO 3 engines, the wiring diagram for the 405 Gazelle provides a diagnostic module.

Its frequently encountered names among motorists:

• on-board computer,
• trip computer;
• multitronics (by manufacturer's name), etc.

In addition to its basic information functions, the on-board computer is also able to inform the driver:

• Stepper motor position.
• Engine speed.
• Injection controller error codes.
• Mass air flow.
• Throttle position.
• Onboard voltage value.

Note. If a malfunction occurs in the operation of the power unit, the route PC will report errors. From their decoding, you can guess which electrical wiring diagram for the Gazelle 405 is subject to close monitoring. But he, of course, “will not say” about the true reason, but will only point out the probable reason that caused the unstable operation of a particular node.

Vehicle weight

Let's look at an example when a car stops obeying the gas pedal . The car refuses to move, when starting it keeps the speed at 2000 rpm and does not allow movement.

The trip computer often reports in such situations that there are errors:

1. With throttle;
2. With crankshaft sensor;
3. With air flow sensor.

The example shown in the video below shows unstable operation of the power unit.

The factory instructions prescribe diagnostics using special equipment, as a result of which the owner, using a brute force method, excludes one or another node from the “suspect list”.

In fact, the reason for the failure is tritely simple - a break in the throttle ground wire , which, being screwed to the exhaust manifold stud, is subject to vibration and simply falls off (this kind of trouble happens not only with GAZ products - see the article original wiring diagram for VAZ 2112).

Please note: For better contact with the vehicle ground, the throttle electronics are powered by a separate wire - in the photo below.

Complete lock replacement

To install a complete lock, you must first remove the contacts from the battery. Then you need to perform the following operations:

• We dismantle the casing;
• to remove the clamp, carefully use a grinder so as not to damage the main axis of the steering column;
• experts recommend turning off the steering column so that subsequent operations can be carried out conveniently, while the steering wheel is raised to its maximum height with preliminary loosening of the fixing bolt with a 12mm wrench;
• It is worth sketching or remembering the position of the curly bracket installed next to the head of the fixing bolt for subsequent comfortable assembly;
• dismantle the old ignition;
• we use a new bracket, make slots in the sides where the heads of the lag screws are supposed to be placed, otherwise the heads will rest against the edges, which will not allow them to be securely fixed;
• put the lock in the seat and screw in 4 screws with maximum force;
• A couple of 12 nuts, unscrewed in advance, should not be tightened to the maximum, so that there is still freedom to adjust the clamp.

Before installing the casing, we test the assembled unit for functionality. If problems arise, we bring the adjustments to working condition, and only then install the decor.

Illumination of the instrument panel - how is the panel arranged?

Any modern car must have lighting for both the instrument panel and other buttons and switches located on the car’s dashboard. Illumination of the ignition switch is a very common occurrence in imported cars. Our manufacturers have not thought of this, so many drivers improve their iron horse on their own. Such lighting will give your car a special charm at night, and it’s convenient to see where to insert the key.

Photo of the ignition switch illumination

The most optimal and common type of lighting in our time is the illumination of the ignition switch using LEDs.

It is not difficult to install, and its service life is very long. The most important thing is that when choosing such lighting you don’t need to invent anything. Car dealerships, as a rule, sell standard types of backlights that have only one bulb and can only shine at a point. For VAZ cars, they began to produce ready-made elements for illuminating the ignition switch, which are conveniently mounted and do not require alterations or cutouts in the plastic of the car’s steering column.

The principle of operation of the Gazelle ignition system

First, let's look at the operating principle of the SZ Gazelle 402 engine. In this case, we are talking about any models of this car - both with a 406 engine and 5-seater Gazelles. The principle of operation of the SZ lies in the accumulation and further conversion of low-voltage voltage into high-voltage voltage using a coil after that. After conversion, the coil transmits and distributes high-voltage voltage to the spark plugs of the system. The spark plugs themselves are used to generate a spark, which, in turn, is necessary to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the cylinders.

The main stages of the work of the SZ:

• accumulation of low-voltage charge;
• converting it to high voltage;
• distribution of impulse over the corresponding candles in a certain order;
• creating a spark on the spark plug electrodes;
• ignition of a flammable mixture.

Pinout of Gazelle ignition switch contacts

Firing order

The connection diagram for the cylinders on the Gazelle, that is, the order of their activation, for the 406 engine is as follows:

• first the mixture ignites in the first cylinder;
• then the caviar is served on the third;
• after that - to the fourth cylinder;
• The second cylinder is the last to start working.

Basic elements of SZ

Briefly about the main components of SZ:

• an ignition module that includes several coils;
• switching device;
• distribution mechanism;
• candles;
• spark plug tips;
• elements connecting the spark plugs to the coil are high-voltage cables.

General information

The electrical wiring diagram in a GAZ car with a carburetor or injector engine consists of many components.

And it doesn’t matter whether it’s Gazelle 402, 405, 406, 3302, 2705, Business or Euro, the electrical circuit will include the following subsystems:

1. Ignition system. This unit consists of different components, the main ones being the switchgear, spark plugs, and high-voltage wires that transmit the charge. The functionality of the engine and its operation in principle depend on the performance of this system.
2. Optical system. It includes all external headlights, from headlights to brake lights and fog lights.
3. Lighting in the car interior, including on the dashboard.
4. Electronic engine control system (depending on the car model).
5. Windshield cleaning system, which includes an electric motor and windshield wiper blades.
6. A fuel system, one of the main components of which is the pump.
7. Battery and generator unit.
8. Audio system, if available, etc.

Lock replacement and repair

If, when you try to turn on the key, nothing happens in the lock, that is, the engine does not start, the problem may lie in a poor connection of the contacts. You can try to repair such a lock, but if this does not help, then the device will have to be changed (the author of the video is Sergey Vishnyakov).

Replacement of the contact group

This task is performed as follows:

1. First you need to disconnect the battery, to do this, remove the negative terminal from it. Next, the protective lining of the steering column is dismantled. Using a flat head screwdriver, you will need to remove the two bolts that secure this shroud.
2. Having done this, you can dismantle the upper part of the lining.
3. Next, the steering column is moved to its highest position. You will need to slightly tilt the top of the cover towards you until the fastenings of this part of the casing come out of the slot.
4. Then the lining is dismantled; it must be moved upward.
5. Using a flat-head screwdriver, you will need to unscrew the two bolts that secure the contact part of the lock. Then the contact component is removed and replaced with a new one, further assembly is carried out in the reverse order.

Photo gallery “Changing the contact group”

Changing the lock

To completely change the lock, do the following:

1. As in the previous case, you first need to remove the protective casing.
2. It will not be possible to dismantle the clamp, since the standard nuts do not have edges, so it must be cut, for example, with a grinder. Be careful not to damage the steering column tube.
3. Next, you will need to disable the steering column - this is done to make the further replacement procedure more convenient. First, the long screw connected to the steering wheel height adjuster is unscrewed. After this, the steering wheel itself should be lifted up, this will allow you to unscrew another bolt; for this, use a 12-mm wrench. When removing the screw, you will need to remember the position of the brace; it is located next to its head.
4. The next step will be to remove the old ignition.
5. Now take the new bracket and make slits in the sides where the lag screw heads will be located. The slots are a must because they will allow you to easily tighten the four lag screws. If the slots are missing, this will lead to the heads on the ratchet resting on the edges, so it will not be possible to securely fix the device.
6. Next, the device is placed in the seat, four screws are tightened, they need to be tightened to the maximum. The two 12mm nuts that you unscrewed earlier do not need to be fully tightened, as this will result in you not being able to adjust the position of the steering wheel. Assemble the entire structure and test the operation of the installed lock.

Gazelle wiring diagram: 402 engine needs preparation for winter

Although there is still time before winter, you should worry about the electrical components of your Gazelle in advance .

After all, with the onset of cold weather, and night frosts already occur in early autumn, difficulties arise in starting a cold engine, and your working day depends on the technical condition of the wiring on the Gazelle 402.

Electrical problems will quickly turn a car into a motionless snowdrift

• or you, having almost discharged the battery , still start the car and go to work, but the next morning history repeats itself;
• or use a “tie” to go to the nearest auto repair shop , where you will hear from a full-time electrician the cost of work and spare parts that you will have to pay to restore the car’s functionality.

Note! It’s not your “old” battery that is to blame - it all depends on the condition of the Gazelle 402 wiring and the electronic components of the ignition system.

All this can be avoided if you know exactly what you need to do. For example, you can learn about how dangerous a problem with bad contacts can be from the article Wiring for Gazelle 405: problem with ground, etc.

Technical aspects of winter operation

The most obvious and pressing question after a cold night outdoors is starting the engine. In this regard, the Gazelle car, even with its archaic ZMZ-402 engine, will give odds to more modern vehicles with electronic systems even at -30°C.

1. spark plugs are adjusted and in good working order;
2. high-voltage wires do not have cracks;
3. the ignition system and carburetor are correctly adjusted;
4. the cylinders of the 402 have normal compression ;
5. The battery is fully charged .

The video above just shows the option of starting a car unprepared for winter. By the way, the Gazelle Business wiring diagram is also not immune from such cases. But how to make the start simpler and gentler for the car will be discussed further.

Fuel-air mixture

The first thing to remember is that the air-fuel mixture prepared by the carburetor on a cold engine has low volatility. Essentially, gasoline in the combustion chamber behaves like a liquid, and not like a vapor of gasoline and air, thereby making it difficult for ignition to begin.

The photo shows fuel combustion in a warmed-up car (a) and in an unheated one (b)

When the engine has been running for some time, then:

• gasoline entering the carburetor will heat up due to the heat of the operating internal combustion engine;
• a highly flammable air-fuel mixture will enter the combustion chamber;
• the engine will run stably.

Advice: Since car owners are unable to change the quality of gasoline, it is necessary to solve this problem on the car. Namely, to correctly adjust the operation of the ignition system elements.

How to do this, and how the Gazelle electrical wiring diagram works, is described in detail in our other publications.

Fuel ignition

In order to ignite “cold gasoline” in a cylinder, you need not just a spark on the electrodes of the spark plug, but a powerful electric discharge. The standard ignition system on the 402nd Gazelle is quite capable of providing such parameters, since this is provided for by design.

Classic ignition system ZMZ 402

The ignition system on the ZMZ 402 engine consists of:

1. switch;
2. ignition coils;
3. distributor;
4. candles;
5. high voltage wires.

It is on their technical condition that the operation of the engine in the cold season will depend.

Consumables

The most important point for a GAZelle owner is that you need to train yourself to treat electrical components as consumables. The Russian mentality “it’s worth it - don’t touch it” is completely unjustified in this case.

Buy modern wires - their price is comparable to 10 liters of gasoline, and you will get much more benefits

What to pay attention to

Below is a diagram of the electrical wiring of the Gazelle - the 402 engine of which was borrowed from the Volga along with all the structural elements, and you should not forget about this. The fragment highlighted in red is an area of ​​close attention.

Electrical circuit of a Gazelle with a 402 engine produced by ZMZ

Inspect them if you find any problems:

1. cracks on the distributor cover body;
2. glow around high-voltage wires in the dark;
3. unstable operation of the battery charging relay (the battery is “boiling” or is constantly discharged);

Before the cold weather sets in, go to an auto parts store and purchase new replacement parts. And the proposed wiring diagram for the Gazelle 402 engine will help you figure out how to find and replace them.

Important: the cost of parts will not exceed the cost of filling a full tank. And if you change them yourself, then only by making easier engine starts in cold weather you will save a lot of money and time, and also extend the life of engine components and assemblies.

Summary

As you can see, the cold season, even before snow falls, can cause a lot of difficulties for Gazelle owners. But they can easily be avoided if you know what and how to do. Believe me, your time and expense will be worth it, so get out to your car and prepare it for winter in advance. Good luck on the road!

Ignition and starter switch (ignition switch)

The switch consists of an anti-theft mechanical lock and an electrical switch. The switch key has four positions:

0 – ignition is turned off;

I – ignition is on;

II – the ignition and starter are turned on. Return to position I is automatic. The secondary activation of the starter is possible only after the key is turned to position 0.

III – the ignition is turned off and the anti-theft device is turned on when the key is removed.

To check the serviceability of the ignition switch, it is necessary to assemble the electrical circuit shown in Fig. 9.27.

Electrical diagram for checking the ignition switch:

1. accumulator battery;
2. control lamp;
3. ignition switch connector

When turning the key to position I (ignition on), lamps A and B should light up, and when turning the key to position II (ignition and starter on), lamps A and B should light up. In positions 0 and III, lamps should not light up. The voltage drop between terminals 30/1 and 15/1 should not exceed 0.25 V at a current of 20 A. A faulty switch must be replaced.

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GAZelle GAZ-3302 and GAZ-2705 vehicles with ZMZ-4025 and ZMZ-4026 engines are equipped with a non-contact ignition system. Before checking the engine ignition system, place the gear shift lever in neutral and leave the parking brake on.

Checking the serviceability of the contactless ignition system of GAZelle GAZ-3302 and GAZ-2705 with the ZMZ-4025 and ZMZ-4026 engines, supplying emergency power to the ignition system.

Then, with the ignition off, first check:

— Integrity and fit of high-voltage wires in the ignition distributor cover. — Placement of the high-voltage wire in the ignition coil. — Integrity of the wires coming from the distributor to the switch and their connections. — Planting the wires connecting the switch and the ignition coil.

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Element structure

A standard ignition switch includes two parts:

• mechanical - a locking part in the shape of a cylinder, inside of which the ignition key is inserted;
• electrical - a contact element consisting of a part of the contacts that is closed taking into account the standard algorithm during the turning movement of the key.

As a rule, a cylindrical lock is installed in the ignition key, the task of which is to rotate the contact assembly and block the steering wheel. For the purpose of blocking, a locking element is used; it comes out of the lock body during the turning movement of the key and goes into the groove part of the steering column. The structure of the ignition lock has a simplified design; this part consists of a body part, a bracket, a facing part with a contact element and a lock with a fixing pin and a hole for it.

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conclusions

GAZelle cars (see Gazelle wiring diagram) will be the main vehicle of Russian entrepreneurs for a long time. This means that independent car maintenance will continue to require high-quality schemes that will allow us to understand the causes of technical failures.

Schematic electrical diagrams, connecting devices and pinouts of connectors

The ignition switch in cars of the VAZ family fails from time to time due to weakening of the contact posts or burning of the contacts inside it. It also happens that the cams of a plastic roller are produced. You can disassemble the lock and clean it, but it’s better to just replace it with a new one, considering that it costs pennies compared to imported locks.

But if connecting the wires together did not result in the starter operating (or it did not turn on the first time), check the solenoid relay on the starter. The contact spots on it may also burn out, which will prevent the circuit from closing normally. Alternatively, you can use a screwdriver to short-circuit the two large terminals on the solenoid relay (before doing this, put the car in neutral and use the handbrake). When closed, the starter should begin to spin vigorously. If this happens, remove and change the solenoid relay. If the starter rotates “sluggishly” when it closes, you will have to remove it and check the condition of the brushes.

All operations are performed with your own hands, without the help of car service specialists. Moreover, the price of an ignition switch on a VAZ2106 is up to 100 rubles. To replace it, you will need to know the pinout of the wires coming from it, for which the editors of the site 2 Schemes.ru have prepared a large reference material.

The ignition switch is designed not only to start the engine - it performs several functions at once:

1. supplies voltage to the vehicle’s on-board network, closing the circuits of the ignition system, lighting, sound alarm, additional devices and instruments;
2. at the driver’s command, turns on the starter to start the power plant and turns it off;
3. turns off the power to the on-board circuit, preserving the battery charge;
4. protects the car from theft by fixing the steering shaft.