The main symptoms of failure of the windshield wiper motor or trapezoid
The windshield wiper system includes two main elements that drive the blades - a gear motor and a so-called trapezoid. If, when the right steering column switch is installed in the appropriate position, the brushes do not move, this may indicate either a malfunction of the motor electric motor or a jammed trapezoid.
As a rule, when the shafts and hinges of the mechanism are severely oxidized, the windshield wipers do not stop working “at once.” Up to this point, there is a slowdown in the speed of movement of the brushes and their wedging in various positions. This is a sufficient reason to think about taking appropriate preventive measures (see the article Prevention of the trapezoid and windshield wiper motor) or replace the trapezoid and windshield wiper motor.
The cause of the malfunction may also be damage to the contacts or a short circuit in the motor caused by moisture getting inside. Usually in such a case the fuse responsible for the wipers blows out. Please note that the windshield washer continues to function in this case. Another common cause is the formation of plaque and rust on the engine shaft or joints as a result of corrosion.
Tips for motorists
Although the Lada Granta belongs to the latest generation of passenger cars produced by the VAZ automobile plant, it is equipped with the cheapest rubber wiper blades. Therefore, the first problems that the owners of these cars encounter is the ear-piercing sound that the wipers make when moving across the windshield, when they are turned on together with the washer.
This happens due to the fact that the rubber bands of the brushes harden (especially in cold weather) and begin to move along the dry glass before the “anti-freeze” or water begins to flow onto it. This problem can be eliminated by installing, instead of the standard Bosch ECO economy class brushes, measuring 600 and 400 millimeters, more expensive Champion Aerovantage or Bosch Aero Twin brushes. Then the interior of the Lada Granta (VAZ-2190) will become much quieter when the windshield wiper is operating. Yes, and you need to change the brushes at least once a year, before the start of the autumn operation of the car.
The second problem that owners of Lada Granta cars face is the incorrect installation of the wiper arms, as a result of which, when they are turned on, the left brush hits the left pillar of the car, and the right one, when the windshield wiper is turned off, slightly does not reach the parking spot and when the wipers are turned on at first goes down and only then goes up. This malfunction can be eliminated by removing the wiper arms and then reinstalling them by turning them at a slight angle counterclockwise.
If the wipers do not turn on in any of the operating modes, then troubleshooting begins by checking fuse F4 (20A). You can find it by opening the cover of the mounting block, which is located in the front panel, to the left of the steering column. If this fuse has not blown, then, in the same place, you will need to check the functionality of relay K6 (left row, top large), through which power is supplied to the wiper gear motor. We check the relay by replacing it with the same one, but known to be good. In addition, a mechanical malfunction is also possible due to the unscrewing of the nut on the output shaft of the gearbox, with which the trapezoid drive crank is secured.
If the wipers refuse to work in only one intermittent mode, then when troubleshooting, we can assume that the microcircuit located inside the K6 relay, with the help of which the windshield wiper blades pause their operation, has failed. And the refusal of the wipers to work at first or second speed may be due to the freezing of one of the three commutator brushes of the electric motor of the gearmotor.
Incorrect operation of the wipers is included in the list of five malfunctions for which any operation of the vehicle is prohibited, even driving to the repair site. Therefore, you should take the issues of repair and diagnostics of the wiper mechanism very seriously.
Lada Granta relay block
The relays are located in the same fuse and relay box, which is located to the left of the steering column under the cover.
New Lada: Temperature sensor Lada Granta
K1 - heater fan relay
K2 - power window relay. If they do not work, also check fuse F2; if this does not help, then the problem may be in the control unit.
K3 - starter relay. If it does not work (does not turn) and this relay is working, check the battery charge level. It could also be a problem with the retractor or the ignition switch and its contacts.
K4 - ignition switch terminal 15 relay
K5 - turn signal and hazard warning relay. If the turn signals come on and do not turn off, this relay may be shorted. Also check fuse F3 (emergency mode).
K6 - windshield wiper relay. Check also fuse F4.
K7 - high beam relay. Also check fuses F14 and F15 and the lamps themselves.
K8 - horn relay. Also check fuse F20, signal switch contacts on the steering wheel.
K9 - low beam relay. Also check fuses F12 and F13 and the lamps themselves.
K10 - rear window heating relay. If the heating does not work, the problem may be in fuse F8.
K11 - engine control unit relay. Also check fuse F1.
K12 - electric fuel pump relay. Also check fuse F21.
Why might the wipers not work?
The most basic reasons why wipers on a Lada Granta may not work.
- The steering column switch for the wiper operation mode is faulty.
- The contact relay is faulty.
- The fuse is faulty.
- The wiper mechanism (motor, ramp) is faulty.
- Circuit break.
Let's consider each of these reasons separately.
Fuse blown
The most common situation is a blown fuse. Diagnostics should begin with it; to do this, replace the fuse with another one from the mounting block. The number of the windshield wiper fuse in the mounting block is F4. Detailed diagram of the mounting block is here.
The windshield wiper fuse is indicated by an arrow.
The wiper relay has “decided to live for a long time”
If, after replacing the fuse with a known good one, the wipers still do not work, then check the contact relay. The check is the same, it is replaced with a known good one.
Contact relay number K6.
The windshield wiper relay is indicated by an arrow.
Incorrect operation of the steering column switch
The car's wipers only work when the ignition is on. Therefore, if you try to turn on the windshield wiper with the ignition off and nothing happens, then this is not a breakdown!
Steering column switch for car wiper operation modes
If any of the modes does not work, then most likely the steering column switch has failed.
If, after replacing the steering column switch with a working one, the wipers still do not work, then you need to check whether voltage is coming to the fuse connector.
We remove the wiper mode switch for visual diagnostics
If there is voltage at the fuse connector, then the steering column switch is working.
Damage to the wiper mechanism
Often the nut 13 is unscrewed
The inspection begins with a visual inspection of the mechanism and checking the tightness of the threaded connections. It is not a rare situation when the nut on the output shaft of the wiper mechanism gearbox, which holds the trapezoid drive crank, is not tightened. Next, they try to apply voltage to the motor directly from the battery, this will help to find out whether the wiper motor is working properly.
Wiper mechanism
No voltage on the motor
Wiper motor
If after checking the relay, fuses and switch the wipers still do not work, then check the voltage at the motor terminals. If it is missing, then there is a break in the circuit somewhere.
Devices for diagnostics of electrical equipment
The set of basic diagnostic instruments includes a circuit tester or voltmeter (although it is quite possible to use a banal 12-volt test lamp equipped with a set of connecting wires). If available, you can use an open circuit indicator, which includes a lamp, an independent power source and connecting wires.
In addition, you should always carry a set of cables in your car to start the engine from an alternative source (usually the battery of another car). These wires are equipped with alligator clips.
It would be a good idea to have an electrical circuit breaker, since this equipment can be used to connect circuit elements and bypass electrical equipment during diagnostics.
Transmission
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Symbols in the drawings
The Lada Granta car has been produced since 2022. This modern car has many of the latest instruments and electronics. All this ensures maximum safety and comfort for the driver. The AvtoVAZ corporation produces 3 types of modifications of the Lada Granta: Standard, Norma, Lux. The connection diagrams for the Norm and Standard trim levels are the same, but for the luxury version they are different.
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Electrical wiring consists of a large number of bundles. The drawings contain symbols and serial numbers of on-board network devices. The connection of elements to each other is shown by lines. For greater clarity, the lines vary in color. The wires are combined into bundles. The harnesses connect the blocks using detachable plugs.
The reader must study the operating principle of individual electronic control units and instruments on his own. Simple malfunctions will not create any special problems when repairing or replacing spare parts. In the event of a breakdown of a complex electronic unit, you will have to contact service. There is no need to remember by heart all the details of installing parts. It is advisable for the driver to understand the layout of the drawing and clearly know the locations of the most important devices and electrical wiring.
Windshield wiper drive device
The wipers are driven by a small DC electric motor, which is equipped with a built-in gearbox.
Three brushes are installed in the motor armature, with the help of which three modes of operation of the entire system are provided. In addition, the electrical circuit for controlling the operation of the windshield wipers includes:
- steering column switch for operating modes;
- relay K2 type 524.3747, which includes intermittent operation;
- additional relay;
- limit switch;
- bimetallic fuse;
The bimetallic fuse and limit switch are located in the electric motor gearbox, and all other circuit elements are located in the mounting block installed in the engine compartment of the car. All elements of the electrical circuit diagram are connected to each other using wires and mounting blocks.
For Lada Granta, Kalina, Priora
The resistor shown in the photo is responsible for the number of strokes. Our task is to replace (using a soldering iron) it with a resistor with lower resistance. To get two sweeps of the wipers after washing the windshield, it is enough to solder a resistor with a resistance of 47 to 68 kOhm (0.25 W). To make three swings - from 70 kOhm. The result of the modernization on video:
It is worth noting that on sale you can find a wiper relay with advanced capabilities:
- There is a pause adjustment, that is, you can set any time between sweeps of the wipers;
- Three strokes after the washer, instead of four (there is no problem with the wipers squeaking on the glass);
- After the washer, the first stroke is delayed.
However, replacing a resistor in a relay yourself will cost only 5 rubles, and a functional relay will be 70-100 times more expensive.
