The carburetor in the new “tens” models was replaced by an injector. This has increased the performance of the car, the engine runs more smoothly and stably. But, at the same time, there is a weak link here - the VAZ 2110 electric fuel pump, which creates the necessary pressure on the fuel injectors, supplying gasoline in a strictly dosed manner.
Electric fuel pump VAZ 2110
Although modern AvtoVAZ cars are equipped with fairly high-quality Bosch fuel pumps, they can fail due to our oversight, low fuel level, water getting into the tank, and other reasons.
Why does the fuel pump on the VAZ-2110 8 valves not work?
If the fuel pump does not work when you turn on the ignition, the cause may be:
- fuel pump relay
- fuel pump fuse
- the fuel pump itself
- wiring
- alarm (its blocking)
Let's talk about this now.
Characteristics of the Bosch fuel pump 0580453453
Especially for my readers, I got confused and measured the fuel pump that is on my display case. In fact, the characteristics of Bosch gasoline pumps differ in the length and very rarely in the diameter of the body. Why? The diameter of the body can be adjusted using a gasket made of petrol-resistant rubber.
Most often, the characteristics of fuel pumps (not only Bosch, but also from other manufacturers) may differ in length, pressure, location of terminal chips and that’s it :). The fuel pump mesh does not differ in seating, but it may differ in shape.
The chip for the terminal can be remade or supplied from the same VAZ. The length of the fuel pump is important, since its operation depends on this when the fuel level in the tank is low, and if it is in the module, then you need a match to install it.
Fuel pump length:
- Bosch fuel pump 0580453453 - 105 mm
- Bosch fuel pump 0580453449 - 65 mm
- Bosch fuel pump 0580453465 - 90 mm
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Fuel pump power supply diagram
The fuel pump module looks like this.
- When you turn the key, positive is supplied to the fuel pump relay.
- The relay closes and already supplies power to the fuel pump itself. There is also a fuse built into the circuit.
Often, when installing an alarm system, a blocking relay is also built into this circuit.
This is a diagram of the main electrical components - simplified to make it clearer.
Verification algorithm
You should start checking by inspecting the relay and fuse.
On older machines, the positive wire often frays and shorts to ground, which causes the fuse to blow. This is a common occurrence.
The fuel pump relay and fuse are located inside the panel.
To access the block you will need to unscrew 3 bolts. They are circled in red in the diagram.
The fuel pump fuse and relay are marked in the diagram.
The fuse can be checked with a multimeter, but it is better to buy a new relay, it is inexpensive.
Put it in the car, it may come in handy at the most inopportune moment.
Tips for motorists
VAZ-2109 passenger cars of the last years of production had injection engines, so on these “nines” an electric fuel pump was installed in the fuel tank. And on a small part of the VAZ-2109 with a carburetor engine still in use today, mechanical fuel pumps were installed.
Failure to operate the fuel pump on VAZ-2109i injection engines is determined quite simply, since when the ignition key is turned to the “ignition on” position, the driver simply will not hear the characteristic noise that the running electric motor of the fuel pump makes. Typically, drivers of “nines” begin their search for the cause of a fuel pump failure by checking the condition of the fuse that protects this electrical circuit.
It is located under the front panel shelf, which is located below the glove compartment. When you unscrew the fastening screws, the block of three relays and three fuses on the wires will move lower, so it will be more convenient to work with it. You will need to check the rightmost fuse and the condition of its contacts. If a blown fuse is detected, it will have to be replaced with a new one. And also find the reason why he burned out.
If the fuse is intact and the contacts are not oxidized, then the next step in troubleshooting is to check the functionality of the fuel pump relay. It is located in the same block as the fuse and is located on the far right. Drivers usually check it by replacing it with a known-good relay. If after such a replacement the fuel pump starts working, then you will have to purchase and install a new relay.
But when the fuel pump still continues to be “silent”, then you will need two wires four meters long. They are needed to check the condition of the fuel pump itself by connecting it to power directly from the battery. To do this you will need to: lift the rear seat cushion, remove the hatch cover, disconnect the plug block and connect the wires from the battery to the fuel pump terminals. There are three terminals in the block: one for ground, the negative one from the battery is connected to it, two more positive ones, for the fuel pump and the fuel level indicator in the tank.
If the fuel pump, when connected directly, works, then you will have to ring the wires going from it to the fuel pump relay, and if it does not work, then either replace it with a new one, or you will have to disassemble it and look for a fault inside the fuel pump.
On “nines” with a mechanical fuel pump, the most common malfunction is wear of the fuel pump diaphragm, as a result of which gasoline will leak through the drainage hole in the housing when it operates. The second reason for the failure of such a fuel pump is wear of the pusher, which transmits force from the camshaft cam to the fuel pump drive lever.
Checking the power supply at the fuel pump terminals
The fuel pump is installed in the tank. To access it you will need to remove the rear sofa cushion, it is not difficult.
The fuel pump is protected by a cover.
Fuel pump power supply.
When the ignition is turned on, there should be a voltage greater than 12 Volts at these terminals.
If there is no voltage, then you need to:
- ring the ground on the body. This is a white and gray wire. It is convenient to check the continuity of the bolt securing the rear seat belt fasteners.
- check the positive contact using a tester, or call it directly from the battery, etc.
Try to “fiddle” the wires; they often fray. The negative wire (ground) is connected to the handbrake bolt.
Check directly
It is necessary to carefully strip the wires and apply power to them. (As in the diagram)
If, when voltage is applied, the fuel pump shows no signs of life, then it is faulty.
Checking the electrical circuit
Unlike a carburetor engine, where the fuel pump is mechanically driven, on the injection VAZ 2110/2112 a special relay and fuse are responsible for the operation of this device. Therefore, before moving on to diagnosing the pump itself, it is necessary to check the indicated elements. If any one of them is faulty, the pump will not work at all.
Turn on the ignition without starting the engine and listen. When the fuel pump is running, it emits a characteristic “whistle” when started. If it is not there, it means that either the pump itself has failed, or one of the elements of its power supply circuit has failed.
The pump relay and fuse are located in an additional mounting block located inside the vehicle's center console. It can be accessed by removing the plastic trim (near the front passenger's left foot). It is secured with several screws. Under the cover you will find three relays and three fuses. Typically, the fuel pump circuit protection elements are located centrally.
The relay and fuse are located in an additional mounting block under the cladding
To check the fuse, remove it from its socket and “ring” it with a tester. If necessary, replace it, observing the rating (15 A). It is unlikely that it will be possible to check the relay for functionality without special equipment. But you can take another relay, for example, the radiator fan (far left), and install it in place of the one being diagnosed. Turn on the ignition and listen to see if the fuel pump starts working. If yes, buy and install a new relay. If the problem persists, continue diagnostics.
To check the fuel pump relay, you can install the radiator cooling fan relay in its place.
Advantages of injection models
The main function of the pump is to supply fuel to the combustion chamber. It must meet certain requirements. The main criterion is pressure.
The pumps for injection and carburetor engines are different. Thanks to the engine with direct fuel injection, there is no need for preliminary preparation of the combustible mixture. As you know, the carburetor is the weak link. Difficult adjustments, clogged jets, difficult starting in cold weather create inconvenience for owners of classic VAZ brands.
Tens and VAZ-2112 internal combustion engines have significant advantages. Let us note the advantages of injection units:
- support for environmental standards;
- direct injection into the combustion chamber;
- fuel economy;
- system reliability;
- increased engine power;
- starting a cold unit without warming up;
- dispensing a portion of the mixture;
- The fuel module is controlled electronically.
Unfortunately, the injector has a number of disadvantages. Maintenance and repairs have to be carried out at a service station. It also requires qualified personnel and a computer to determine the malfunction of electronic components. Let us point out other disadvantages:
- design complexity;
- high requirements for the octane number of gasoline;
- complex diagnostics and repairs;
- expensive spare parts and equipment.
Master node of the system
The VAZ-2110 fuel pump is equipped with an electric drive. Its body is lowered into the fuel tank. Gasoline is both a pumpable fuel and a coolant. It should be remembered that traveling with an empty tank is fraught with overheating of the VAZ-2110 injector fuel pump.
This electrical device is an independent unit. Accordingly, its operation does not depend on the state of other mechanisms. A necessary condition for rotating the VAZ-2110 fuel pump rotor is maintaining normal voltage on the on-board network.
The voltage comes through the ignition switch. When the key is moved to position 1, the circuit is closed to turn on the drive. The VAZ fuel pump fills the fuel rail. The engine is ready to start.
Where is he located?
This device is located in the fuel line or in the fuel tank. Thanks to this placement, the risk of losses is significantly reduced due to the absence of suction lines.
The design of the electric pump assumes the presence of the following elements:
- Electric motor.
- Pump housed in a metal casing.
In other words, this device consists of an electric drive and a pump part. All its components are in direct contact with the fuel. In addition to the above elements, the module of this device also includes a fuel flow sensor, a fuel intake and a strainer.
And the part we are considering operates due to the presence of two valves - a check valve and a pressure reducer. The first locks the system when the engine stops operating. The second one performs the function of maintaining pressure in the system, while part of the fuel is transferred back to the inlet.
There are several types of electric pumps based on their design:
Diagnostic device
To determine the pressure in the main line, a device is needed. It's easy to do it yourself. You need to take a 10 atmosphere pressure gauge, a fitting and an oxygen hose with an internal diameter of 9 mm. We twist all the elements and tighten them with clamps.
The meter is connected to the ramp. To do this, remove the plastic cap from the end of the tube. Next, use a tire cap to unscrew the nipple.
Bleed off excess gasoline. Before draining the flammable liquid, place a rag to prevent gasoline from getting on the generator. Smoking and using electrified tools near the hood is strictly prohibited.
The free end of the hose is pulled onto the ramp. Secure the clamp. After connecting the battery, turn on the ignition. They take readings. The pressure of the VAZ-2110 fuel pump injector will deflect the pressure gauge needle to 3 atm.
After starting the engine, observe the movement of the needle. On working equipment, the pressure will be maintained within 2.8-3.2 units. If no deviations are found, then the VAZ-2110 fuel pump, injector and regulator are working correctly. It is advisable to remember the characteristics of the equipment.
The pump capacity is about 2 liters per second. If problems arise with the fuel supply, the pump must be replaced. Before checking the pump, make sure that the remaining elements are in good working order. The filter or mesh may be clogged. The fuel filter is changed and the mesh is cleaned.
Removing the pumping unit
Before starting work, you must disconnect the terminal from the battery. This will prevent damage to electrical equipment. In addition, replacing the fuel pump may cause a fire.
Let's prepare tools and materials. To remove the VAZ-2110 fuel pump, you need the following:
- Screwdriver.
- 10mm socket wrench.
- Collar.
- Open-end wrench 13.
- Rags.
The device itself is located under the rear seat cushion. To get to the installation location of the fuel pump 2110, you need to remove the seat. Under the casing we find a hatch. We unscrew the hatch. Disconnect the electrical drive connector.
Using an open-end wrench, unscrew the tips of the fuel pipes. We pull off the pipes. Using a spanner, unscrew the 8 nuts around the perimeter of the clamping ring. Release the flange.
There is a gasket under the pressure ring of the fuel pump 2110. The gasket is removed. It is better to change worn tires.
Then we raise the VAZ fuel pump together with the float. Gasoline will leak from the body. To avoid staining the interior, place a rag. There will be up to 1 liter of gasoline left in the old building. Drain it into the tank.
Assembly is carried out in reverse order. There is an arrow on the top of the cover. It should point towards the trunk. This is the correct pump position.
When replacing, do not forget to remove the float and level sensor.
These spare parts are installed on the new structure.
All operations, including preparation, will take less than an hour. After replacement, perform a test. Start the engine. Finally, you should check the fuel pump, make sure the connections are tight and there are no leaks.
The fuel pump and its role in the fuel system of the VAZ 2110
In the “ten”, as in other cars where power plants for fuel are installed, the gas pump serves as an element that pumps fuel in the “fuel tank-motor” circuit. It supplies gasoline to the metering component, the function of which, depending on the design of the fuel complex, is played by either a carburetor or an injector in the injection engine system.
In cars of different types of fuel supply, an electric fuel injector pump is used, or a mechanical fuel pump on carburetor modifications. Accordingly, in order to buy a gasoline pump, you need to know what type of gasoline units are installed and operated in a car that requires repair of the fuel system.
To buy VAZ 2110 fuel pumps, the price of which is affordable for most of our car enthusiasts, should be factory-made. Of course, this part for an injection engine is structurally more complex and costs more, but the price limits are very reasonable and acceptable within their limits. In addition, the fuel injector pump, the price of which is higher than its analogue on a carburetor engine, is technologically more complex and has a number of significant advantages.
The principle of operation of the mechanism
Product diagram for injection engines:
Mechanical products are used in cars with a carburetor fuel system, where fuel is supplied under low pressure, and electric fuel pumps in vehicles with fuel injection equipment, where gasoline is supplied under high pressure.
1. Fuel pump on vehicles equipped with a carburetor as a dispenser. The drive lever (pusher) is in constant friction, but the diaphragm shifts to the lower plane only when it is necessary to fill the product chamber with fuel. The return spring moves the diaphragm to the upper position, thereby supplying fuel to the dispenser. Composition of a mechanical fuel pump:
- Fuel filling chamber;
- Inlet and outlet type valves;
- Diaphragm seal;
- Return spring;
- Pusher (drive type lever);
- Cam;
- Camshaft.
2. Electric fuel pump on injection cars. Such a device is similar in operating principle to a mechanical prototype: the core is pulled into an electromagnetic valve until the contact group opens, blocking the flow of electric current. Composition of this product:
- Fuel filling chamber;
- Inlet and outlet type valves;
- Diaphragm seal;
- Return spring;
- Electromagnetic valve;
- Fuel pump mesh;
- Core;
- Contact Group.
For beginners, we inform you where the VAZ 2110 fuel pump is located: it should be looked for under the rear seat cushion of the car.
How to buy a good quality Bosch fuel pump?
On the market, a Bosch fuel pump costs half as much as mine. I will provide more accurate information, the retail price of a Bosch VAZ 2110 fuel pump on the market or in unscrupulous stores is $10 cheaper than purchasing an original Bosch fuel pump.
I buy it roughly for 300 UAH, from an official supplier and I know that this is the original, and a fake Bosch fuel pump is sold for 220-250 UAH at retail.
The Bosch fuel pump is in a sealed, durable package, the packaging bag is denser than usual, you can feel it. There is purified gasoline inside the package, if you smell it, then the seal is broken, which means there is a chance of corrosion inside the gasoline pump.
Submersible fuel pumps are lubricated and cooled by fuel. Due to low-quality gasoline and additives, internal electrical mechanisms are corroded. When working dry, the brushes overheat and wear out. The service life of the fuel pump is very long.
There were foreign cars that, after more than 25 years, decided to change the fuel pump, only for the reason that it began to pump poorly, such a car was a 1986 Honda Accord 2.0. It was amazing for me to hear when my grandfather, who is also the driver of this car, told me how he tested it.
He says, I take a jar, pour some water, turn it on the battery, I see the stream is weak, and I realized that he is already old. The pump was original, I personally held it in my hands. The pressure created by the fuel pump can reach 6-7 atmospheres; the Bosch fuel pump with the VAZ 2110 operates with this power.
Signs of a fuel pump malfunction
Signs of unit malfunction:
- a metallic howl or increased noise during its operation is detected by ear;
- the product does not pump fuel or the contacts do not work;
- The power of the power unit is sharply reduced.
First of all, we check the pressure of the “tens” fuel pump in the common fuel system by connecting a pressure gauge to the fitting. If the pressure in the product is more than 3.3 kgf/cm2, it becomes clear that the malfunction is a defect in the pressure regulator, which requires replacement. If the pressure gauge readings are less than 2.8 kgf/cm2, it is necessary to replace the fuel filter of the fuel pump, which caused the defect. If the car continues to act up, it is advisable to dismantle the fuel unit and clean the fuel filtration mesh.
In other cases, the VAZ 2110 injector fuel pump is replaced, because repair of the product did not give positive results. Also, when checking this electrical device, it is necessary to test the fuel pump relay, which is subject to elementary “sticking”. It would be a good idea to check the unit's fuse, which may also blow out and require replacement.
Prevention and useful tips
For trouble-free operation and increasing the life of the fuel pump, professionals recommend:
- refuel only with high-quality fuel;
- maintain the maximum fuel level in the tank;
- do not use a car with a discharged battery;
- promptly replace the fuel filter;
- use sport driving mode less often.
Self-diagnosis and replacement of the fuel pump is quite simple. To do this, you just need to carefully follow the recommendations of professionals. The same applies to preventive measures. Refuel with high-quality gasoline and do not forget to replace the fuel filter on time. Then you will have problems with the fuel pump much less often.
Replacing the electric fuel pump
Such a replacement is carried out in the following cases:
- failure or incorrect readings of the fuel sensor;
- weak throughput effect or defect in the fuel intake grid;
- failure of the electric fuel pump.
The tools you will need are a screwdriver and a 10mm socket wrench with a wrench.
- Reduce pressure in the fuel supply system.
- Using the fuel supply hose tip clamp, disconnect 2 hoses in turn.
- Disconnection should be carried out slowly, without using unnecessary force, so that the fuel block fittings remain intact.
- Unscrew the 8 nuts around the circumference of the clamping ring and remove it.
- A wire with negative polarity is attached to one of the nuts; it must be removed carefully.
- We take the electric pump block out of the fuel tank, tilting it slightly, to keep the fuel level indicator sensor lever intact, otherwise it will produce incorrect parameters.
- Remove the sealing rubber ring of the fuel block. If its properties are lost, the product must be replaced.
- Install the product in reverse order.
Important: during installation, the installation arrow on the electric pump cover must point towards the rear of the car!
Important: when installing fuel hoses, follow the direction of fuel supply indicated by the arrows!
Many people ask where the VAZ 2110 fuel pump relay is located? Let us clarify that this electronic device is located in a special recess on the front passenger side of the floorplane. You need to unscrew the plastic cover, there will be 3 relays. Closer to the hood is the required part.
Replacing a mechanical fuel pump
Unscheduled replacement of a mechanical type device takes place in the following order:
- We dismantle the air purification filter.
- Remove the fuel supply line to the fuel pump.
- First loosen the tightening of the clamp.
- Remove the fuel supply line to the carburetor.
- Unscrew the fasteners of the product.
Installation is in the reverse order. At the same time, do not forget to look at the arrows on the products showing the direction of movement of fuel to the carburetor.
VAZ 2110 fuel pump is a common cause of breakdown
The new VAZ 2110 models use injection engines, which are so popular today. To confidently drive any car, you need to know what can break down in it in order to quickly fix the breakdown or prevent it. The fuel pump of the VAZ 2110 is one of the most vulnerable points of this car. If the fuel system is not properly maintained, it will quickly fail.
The fuel pump in injection engines is very important, since it is the one that supplies the fuel injectors with the required pressure. If there is no pressure or it is incorrect, the injectors will supply fuel to the engine in the wrong dosage.
Fuel pressure is measured in the fuel rail using a special device.
In essence, the device for measuring fuel pressure on a VAZ 2110 is the same pressure gauge, only for measuring liquid pressure. If the pressure in the ramp on a VAZ 2110 does not fit into the values of 3.6-4 atmospheres, then the car is faulty and needs to be repaired urgently, as this can lead to failure of the fuel pump, if it has not already failed.
Symptoms of VAZ 2110 breakdowns
If suddenly the car begins to twitch at high or medium speeds, this indicates a drop in fuel pressure in the rail. The same applies to the case when the engine develops dips or even stalls.
The fuel pressure in the system can drop not only when the fuel pump fails, but also when the RTD or even the injectors themselves fail.
The fuel pump on the VAZ 2110 constantly pumps gasoline while the engine is running. In this case, excess gasoline is simply returned back to the gas tank through the return channel. It is on this channel that the check valve is installed. To check it, use a pressure gauge. After the engine is turned off, the gasoline pressure should drop gradually, not suddenly. The slower the pressure drops, the better the quality of the RTD valve.
Malfunctions and repairs
The fuel pump fails for various reasons. Often - low quality gasoline. It is important to remember: before removing the pump, check the condition of the filter and the supply voltage at the terminals. Pump malfunctions are varied: failure of the electric motor, breakdown of the impeller, etc. The diagnostic and repair process includes the following steps:
- the rear seat and carpet are removed and the iron hatch comes off (the pump is located under it) - use a 12mm wrench and remove it from its seat with a slotted screwdriver;
- after dismantling, use a screwdriver to unscrew a pair of side screws - they hold the fuel pressure sensor in place (the float must be in good working order);
- two blocks are disconnected (supplying power) - one is connected to the bracket, the second to the motor (before disconnecting, the clamps should be released);
- the coarse filter is removed (looks like a fine mesh) - just pry it off with a screwdriver and move the lock washer;
- the electric motor is pulled out of the plastic housing - just press the plastic down (there are springs inside) and pull out the cotter pin;
- unscrew 2 screws securing the cover - after which it can be removed along with the rubber bushing;
When all of the above operations are completed, you can remove the engine itself from the housing and install another module. It is important to remember: if the rubber bushing installed in the housing is deformed or partially destroyed, it must be replaced.
