The design and principle of operation of the ignition on a VAZ
The engines produced for these VAZ models differ only in volume, but have no structural differences. They are equipped with both contact and non-contact ignition systems.
The first case is when the contacts are opened mechanically, and in the second case a Hall sensor is used, with the help of which the moment a spark is supplied to the combustion chamber is determined.
Why is a strobe not used?
Most people who study the issue of installing electronic ignition on a “classic” think about why a strobe is not used when performing the action algorithm. In fact, the answer in this case is very simple. The fact is that the practical experience of service center specialists performing similar work does not imply the use of a strobe due to the regular stretching of the chain on the engine. Even if we are talking about a new target, after tightening it with the help of a tensioner, it is stretched in such a way that the points on the engine cannot coincide. As a result, it becomes impossible to achieve the most accurate alignment using a device such as a strobe.
Note that the process of replacing contact ignition with non-contact ignition in the VAZ-2107, which has an injection engine, is impossible. If a wiring harness from a newer car model was installed in the vehicle and the vehicle refuses to start, this indicates that the connectors for the EPHH and the switch were mixed up during the work. The fact is that in their design they are completely identical. As a result, in order to identify the problem, it is necessary to swap them.
Contact ignition
The system consists of: high voltage coil, contact group, distributor, distributor cover, vacuum and centrifugal regulators, resistance, spark plugs and wires.
- The system works as follows. When the piston is at TDC, the coil windings open.
- At this time, high voltage is directed from the distributor cover through the wires to the spark plugs, with the help of which a spark appears in the combustion chamber and, accordingly, the working mixture ignites.
As the engine speed increases, the advance angle undergoes changes, and the centrifugal regulator changes it to the required level.
In turn, the vacuum regulator changes the angle in proportion to the vacuum in the intake manifold. Thanks to this, the engine operates with the required power at any crankshaft speed.
What is the price
A complete set for a VAZ 2106 costs from 3,000 to 4,000 rubles, depending on the manufacturer. Typically this includes:
- switch;
- distributor;
- coil;
- Hall controller;
- wiring.
Some kits also contain a set of spark plugs and high-voltage wires.
If the driver does not understand auto electrics, additional assistance from specialists will be required. Services at a service station will cost another 1000-2000 rubles. The specific cost of installation in each city can vary significantly.
Signs of incorrect ignition on VAZ cars
Setting the ignition timing on a vehicle is necessary if the internal combustion engine is being repaired or the distributor is being dismantled. Also, during operation, it undergoes wear and tear, like any other engine systems, and accordingly the following signs of malfunction may appear:
- The motor does not start or has interruptions in operation. Provided that the combustible mixture is supplied correctly, the malfunction may be an incorrect setting of the advance angle, slipping or stretching of the timing chain.
- Poor acceleration and inelasticity of the engine. This means that the combustible mixture is not ignited at the required piston stroke position, which leads to a deterioration in the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.
- High gas consumption. This effect occurs under conditions of late ignition. Part of the combustible mixture does not have time to burn and flies out into the exhaust manifold. In such cases, you can hear characteristic popping noises in the exhaust while the engine is running.
Hard work of the internal combustion engine. This occurs under conditions of early ignition, when the working mixture ignites when the piston position has not reached top dead center.
In such cases, you can hear a characteristic ringing sound in the engine. Such symptoms can lead to burnt out exhaust valves.
Instructions
There are several popular methods for setting the ignition angle on VAZ cars.
Installation with strobe
In this option, you do not need to remove the distributor and valve cover, and the installation time will not exceed five minutes.
- Loosen the distributor nut, noting its initial placement in advance.
- We connect the negative wire of the strobe to the ground of the car, and the “plus” wire to the coil and a special clamp to the wire of the first cylinder.
- The light beam, strictly directed at the pulley, will accurately show the optimal location of the distributor.
By gradually turning the distributor, it is necessary to correctly align the marks on the crankshaft pulley and the marks on the front timing cover. We fix the distributor nut.
Installation by marks
The mark on the pulley number 4 is combined with the mark on the front cover. The values of the marks are as follows: 1-100 degrees, 2-50, 3-00. When installing the ignition. when the engine is running on 92 gasoline, the mark for 0 degrees is selected.
We set the ignition to the light bulb
Before starting the installation, you need to take a 12-volt light bulb and solder two wires to it. Then, using a wrench, turn the crankshaft to the TDC position of the piston of the 1st cylinder.
- We place the marks opposite each other on the crankshaft pulley and the front cover.
- Remove the distributor cover so that the distributor is in the position of the first cylinder.
- We attach one of the wires from the light bulb to the ground of the car, and the second to the low-voltage wire inside the distributor.
- Turn on the ignition. If the ignition is installed correctly, the light will not light up.
- Otherwise, we install the distributor in such a position that the light does not light (i.e., the contacts are open).
When using this installation method, the light bulb can be replaced with a multimeter.
Installation by ear
Warm up the engine to operating temperature. Then loosen the nut securing the distributor. Slowly turn the distributor to the right and left until the engine operates optimally at idle without unnecessary knocking or detonation. Tighten the distributor fastening nut.
Contactless ignition system for VAZ
When installing such an ignition, the engine starts better when cold, there is no need to adjust the gap on the contacts, the spark will be more powerful, the service life of the spark plugs will increase and, moreover, it is more reliable in contrast to the contact one.
- As in the case of contact ignition, we align the marks and the piston of the first cylinder to the TDC position.
- We remove the old contact distributor, having first removed the negative terminal of the battery. We install contactless.
- Next, using a strobe light, we set the required ignition timing.
Adjusting the gap of the VAZ 2107 distributor breaker
The quality of the spark depends on the gap between the breaker contacts and the condition of the contacts themselves. To adjust the VAZ 2107 distributor, you must perform the following operations:
- unclip the fastening brackets and remove the distributor cover;
- unscrew the screws securing the slider;
- remove the slider;
- Clean the breaker contacts with sandpaper (to avoid damaging the contacts, you must use sandpaper with a grain size no larger than 600).
- loosen the screw securing the breaker contacts;
- turn the adjusting screw to set the gap to 0.4 mm, using the appropriate feeler gauge;
- tighten the fixing screw;
- install and secure the slider;
- fix the distributor cover.
In addition to adjustment, repair of the VAZ 2107 distributor may be required. This consists of cleaning the contacts on the distributor cover or replacing the cover itself, replacing the slider, resistor or contact group.
