Replacing the knock sensor in a Chevrolet Niva: where it is located, how to check where it is located in a Chevy Niva, signs of malfunction and location features

The Chevrolet Niva SUV, produced by VAZ, is popular among car enthusiasts due to its good cross-country ability. To overcome muddy roads, steep climbs, and various obstacles, it needs impeccable engine coordination. One of the negative factors that negatively affects the performance of a car’s heart is detonation. Its increased level creates strong vibration of the vehicle, leading to increased wear and breakdown of internal engine parts. To avoid this, a knock sensor is used on a Chevrolet Niva car, which monitors and normalizes the fuel combustion process in the engine, eliminating potential malfunctions.

Where is the knock sensor located and what is it responsible for?

Depending on the make of the car, the location of the sensor may vary, but it is always located on the engine body.
The part itself is very small, about the size of a matchbox. Detonation is one of the main defects of an internal combustion engine; it has considerable force and cannot be neglected. Among a dozen different sensors used to optimize the operation of internal combustion engines, the knock sensor is directly used to prevent detonation combustion of fuel.

The process of fuel detonation can be well controlled thanks to its main feature - the appearance of high-pitched and ringing metallic sounds, which, based on symptoms, are sometimes mistaken for the clicking fingers of the cylinder-piston group.

The force of detonation is enormous; if the detonation prevention systems malfunction, the engine will fail after 5-6 thousand kilometers.

You can check the sensor:

using a multimeter;
testing the ECU mode with the engine running;
equivalent replacement with a working sensor.

The first sign of a malfunctioning knock sensor is an error indication on the dashboard.

The functionality of the sensor or its malfunction is checked by the computer, and if there is no control signal of the required shape and level, the microcomputer switches to the mode of checking the sign of sensor malfunction.

If the adjustment does not help, the ECU increases the level of enrichment of the fuel mixture, while simultaneously reducing the ignition timing. Such an algorithm is dictated by the need to prevent, first of all, timing malfunction and further destruction of parts of the cylinder-piston group.

One of the most popular domestic passenger cars is the Chevrolet Niva. This all-wheel drive vehicle has a gasoline engine and is classified as an SUV. Based on this, the Niva has a tendency to frequently travel over bumps and off-road. The operating conditions of this vehicle are conducive to providing maximum engine protection.

The first sign that can be noticed is the so-called detonation. In other words, a knocking sound in the engine. One of the parts of electronic vehicle control systems is the knock sensor. Despite its small size, it performs the most important functions in a car.

Sensor operation

The DD housing contains a piezoelectric element that converts mechanical vibrations into electrical impulses. These signals are sent to the electronic control unit. During normal engine operation, the frequency characteristics have a certain character. If deviations occur in the signal parameters, the ECU makes adjustments to the operating processes of the motor, thereby eliminating the causes of detonation.

Detonation very often occurs when going uphill. In this case, the car is moving slowly, and the speed is increased. But do not worry, since this phenomenon is called glow ignition, and it does not indicate that the engine is not working properly.

Any internal combustion engine works according to the following principles:

A mixture of gasoline and air is supplied to the combustion chamber of the cylinders, where it is ignited by a spark on the spark plug. Moreover, the piston should be literally a few millimeters from top dead center. As soon as the piston reaches the top position, the greatest pressure is generated in the cylinder. At this moment, the entire air-fuel mixture will completely burn.
During normal operation of the knock sensor on the Chevrolet Niva, signs of this phenomenon will not appear. This device will help get rid of the manifestation of detonation. And it appears when the mixture begins to ignite much earlier than it should. This usually happens halfway to top dead center. And when the air-fuel mixture burns, a force is exerted on the upper part of the piston, which pushes it in the opposite direction. At the same time, the engine power is reduced, and significantly, and its parts wear out.

There is a "Check" icon on the car's dashboard. In English this translates as check or control. If it is not active, then the knock sensor is working and working as expected.

The operating principle of the knock sensor is based on a piezoelectric mechanism. Inside the sensor there is a plate with a piezo effect. When detonation occurs, voltage is created at the input and output, and the engine vibrates. Otherwise, this is called the creation of a potential difference. If the voltage level at one end is too high, the sensor corrects this process.

If for any reason the sensor breaks down, the “Check” icon will light up on the dashboard. This will mean only one thing: urgent repair or replacement of the element is required.

How to remove and replace the crankshaft position sensor on a Chevrolet Niva

To synchronize the position of the shaft with the electronic unit, the design of the Niva Chevrolet car is equipped with a crankshaft position sensor.

This device is located not far from the drive disk, and is located on the timing cover of the mechanism drive itself.

This disc is a wheel with fifty-eight teeth, and to create a certain impulse between the TDC (top dead center) and the ECU, a couple of teeth are specially removed.

Due to the fact that the crankshaft rotates, the drive disk rotates. The position of the ECU shaft is determined due to the fact that during the rotation of the disk at the sensor, magnetic fields change, thereby forming an alternating current pulse.

Sensor device

The structure of this element is the simplest, it consists of:

Nylon frame
This frame is wrapped in copper wires
Has a steel core
Insulation is provided by enamel, the base of the sealant is a compound resin

They come in different types, namely:

The stroke sensor also distributes the ignition.
Magnetic
Optic

Symptoms of a problem

Sooner or later, the sensor becomes unusable, this leads to problems starting the Chevrolet Niva car, and sometimes even to the inability to stop the car while moving. The fuel supply and ignition timing depend on the position of the sensor.

If while driving you notice a decrease in the dynamics of the car, this will indicate that this element is not corrected,
This malfunction can also be indicated if the Check light comes on.
In addition, a faulty sensor can be determined by the generator and timing drive.
The revolutions go up and down and it all happens without your participation.

First of all, the position of the sensor is checked; the reason for checking may be the slightest resource cost. Also, using diagnostics, you can simply determine whether the device is fixed or not. Diagnostics means removing the product and reinstalling it; it will be in good working order if its values are approximately from 550 to 750 Ohms.

Removal, installation and inspection

Also, the first sign that it has failed is the occurrence of detonation under heavy loads on the engine itself, instability of idle speed, and a decrease in engine power. The state of the node can be understood in several ways. You just need to have the necessary equipment. If the necessary devices are available, we proceed to removing the element.

To remove it and check it, you need to do the following procedure:

We remove the block with all the wires from it
Unscrew the screw that secures the crankshaft sensor itself and remove it
We check with a tester whether it is working or not
We install the new element in place in the reverse order of removal.

By external signs you can determine the condition of the pads, the DPKV housing and whether the contacts are damaged. If no visual defects are detected, then we proceed to the inspection itself. It is carried out by means of ringing, and as mentioned above, the winding resistance should not exceed 759 Ohms, and not less than 550.

To summarize, we can conclude that this unit is the main one in the electronics, which is responsible for controlling the engine, since if it fails, then starting the engine will be impossible, so it is best to always carry it with you to insure yourself against such unpleasant consequences spare part.

If you do diagnostics and subsequent replacement, it will not take you much time and effort. The main thing is to adhere to clear rules for installation and dismantling. To extend the service life of all important elements of the Chevrolet Niva engine, timely and proper care should be carried out, not only for this device, but also for other parts.

How to replace a faulty knock sensor on a Chevrolet Niva

From time to time, malfunctions occur on any car. One of the causes of malfunctions that cause problems may be the occurrence of detonation. This can be seen by the engine running for a long time after the ignition has been turned off. It usually occurs due to explosive ignition of fuel in the cylinders.

There is a general principle of operation of an internal combustion engine:

The fuel-air mixture enters the cylinder and is ignited by a spark from the glow plugs at the moment when the piston remains a few degrees before reaching top dead center. Complete combustion occurs at the moment when the piston reaches the top point, creating maximum pressure.
If a detonation effect occurs, then ignition occurs much earlier, when the piston is still in the middle of the compression stroke. Therefore, during combustion, a force acts on it in the opposite direction, reducing engine power and leading to increased wear of parts.

If an indication of errors in engine operation appears on the instrument panel, this does not mean that the problem lies precisely in a faulty sensor. But if corresponding problems also arise when driving, then its urgent replacement is necessary. It should be done in accordance with the table.

· Switch the multimeter to DC voltage measurement mode

Connect the connectors to the sensor output

· tap the sensor with a small hammer. In this case, the voltage should change.

· If the voltage does not change, then the sensor is most likely faulty

The cost of a knock sensor on a Niva is 500-600 rubles, so you shouldn’t delay replacing it so as not to spend much more on engine repairs.

Also interesting: Chevrolet Niva camshaft sensor

It usually occurs due to explosive ignition of fuel in the cylinders. It appears gradually, you can notice it when going uphill at low speed when the gear is in high gear.

This effect is classified as glow ignition and does not indicate malfunction of the engine.

The fuel-air mixture enters the cylinder and is ignited by a spark from the glow plugs at the moment when the piston remains a few degrees before reaching top dead center. Complete combustion occurs at the moment when the piston reaches the top point, creating maximum pressure.
If a detonation effect occurs, then ignition occurs much earlier, when the piston is still in the middle of the compression stroke. Therefore, during combustion, a force acts on it in the opposite direction, reducing engine power and leading to increased wear of parts.

Troubleshooting options

If there is a problem in the functioning of the engine, it must be corrected as soon as possible in order to avoid more serious disruption to the operation of the unit. If there is a problem, then there are options for eliminating it. Let's try to figure out how to eliminate engine detonation and whether this can be done without necessarily contacting professionals at a service station. The simplest solutions to the question of how to eliminate engine detonation follow directly from the main root causes that provoke its occurrence. To begin with, it’s worth comparing the facts when unpleasant symptoms from engine operation appeared. If detonation began immediately after the next refueling of the car, most likely the reason lies in the quality of the fuel. In such a situation, it would be best to completely drain the low-quality liquid and then refuel only at certified gas stations, buying fuel that is recommended for use by the automaker. The second useful advice for car owners who are faced with the problem of engine detonation is to check the spark plugs and, if necessary, replace them.

Owners of carburetor cars, when detonation occurs, need to check the ignition angle, the incorrect position of which can provoke a problem. In injection systems, such a malfunction is solved by the control unit, receiving data from the knock sensor in automatic mode. When the system cannot automatically cope with the problem, a warning about emergency mode appears on the machine's dashboard, which requires qualified intervention. When removing detonation and manipulating the ignition angle, make sure that unauthorized intervention in the operation of the engine does not lead to its accelerated wear.

Remember, in order not to look for methods to solve the problem, how to eliminate engine detonation, it is important to carry out effective preventive procedures that prevent the occurrence of malfunctions in the operation of the unit. Prevention of detonation consists of the following measures:

Carrying out regular maintenance of the cooling system of the machine, which will prevent engine overheating and, accordingly, will be a reliable prevention of engine detonation.
Maintain the engine in a timely manner with mandatory oil changes according to the regulations.
To avoid the formation of carbon deposits in the engine, subject it to periodic loads, which increase the efficiency of heat removal from the unit.
When carrying out engine repairs and replacing replacement system elements, purchase only parts that meet the requirements set out in the technical data sheet of the car, giving preference to purchases at certified points.

Is it possible to avoid detonation?

When going uphill at a high incline, select a lower gear or one that will allow the engine to operate between 2500 and 3500 rpm.
Do not use fuel with an octane rating lower than that recommended by the car manufacturer.
Check the condition of the spark plugs in a timely manner. During scheduled maintenance, monitor the condition of the spark plug wells and check the compression in the piston.

On a Chevrolet Niva, a knock sensor error can be read using a special diagnostic scanner.

If there is an on-board computer, an error code will be displayed on it:

0327 - excessively low signal level from the knock sensor. Most likely, there is a break in the circuits connecting the sensor to the control unit.
0328 - signal level too high. The cause of this error may be a malfunction of the device itself.

The Chevrolet Niva is a very specific car, as it is designed for driving in conditions where there is practically no road. Therefore, any problems with it can simply be fatal. The risk of stopping in the middle of the forest increases several times.

Pay attention to where the knock sensor is located on the Chevrolet Niva. It is located in the center of the engine block. The distance from the sensor installation location to the 1st and 4th cylinders is the same, thanks to this it allows you to capture all detonation knocks that appear in the internal combustion engine.

And in order to eliminate the possibility of detonation, it is enough to follow a few simple rules:

When you drive your car uphill or off-road, you need to downshift. It is desirable that the engine operates at a frequency of 2500..3500 rpm.
Monitor the condition of the spark plugs - the quality of ignition of the mixture depends on them. It is better to occasionally check the compression in each cylinder.
It is not recommended to use gasoline with a low octane number. It is advisable to fill the tank only with fuel recommended by the car manufacturer.

Causes of knocking hydraulic compensators

The knocking sound of Chevrolet Niva hydraulic compensators can be easily detected by ear; it knocks at a frequency half the engine speed. It can knock both on a cold engine and on a hot one, and the reasons for this are different.

Reasons for knocking when cold:

Thick oil. As the engine warms up, the oil heats up, becomes thinner, and the knocking noise goes away.
Dirt. A bad filter or old oil can cause dirt to get into the channels and holes and clog them.
Worn or broken plunger. The cause may be natural wear or abrasive contaminants that have entered the oil.

"Hot":

Plunger jamming. Scuffing on the plunger pair increases its wear significantly and blocks it.
Oil with incorrect viscosity. When changing the oil seasonally on their own, sometimes owners make mistakes and fill in oil with the wrong viscosity. If it is too liquid, it quickly flows out through those. gaps.
Increased oil level in the engine. If this is due to coolant getting into the oil, it will foam in contact with the crankshaft.

All these reasons can be eliminated yourself if you carefully monitor your car.

How does detonation occur in a Chevrolet Niva car?

Like any car equipped with an internal combustion engine, the Chevrolet Niva may experience problems with detonation over time. And considering that it is mainly used to overcome obstacles and drive off-road, the risks increase several times. Therefore, it is important to listen to the operation of the engine under load and, if a metallic clatter appears, visit diagnostics, so as not to develop a number of problems over time:

destruction of the cylinder head and crank mechanism
burnout of the cylinder head gasket. This is due to the fact that during detonation the operating temperature of the engine increases significantly.
piston burnout. occurs as a result of corrosion of the piston day.

Therefore, when moving up at low speeds and in a selected high gear, it is necessary to control the operation of the engine. If you give an increased load and contribute to the occurrence of detonation, you can ultimately damage a large number of car components, which will lead to the need for expensive major repairs.

Sensor cost

The knock sensor has extremely low maintainability. Usually, when it fails, it requires replacement with a new DD. The original General Motors sensor has part number 21120-3855020-02-0. Its price is 450-550 rubles. If there is a need to change the DD, then you can purchase an analogue. The table below presents the best alternative options for a branded product.

Table - Good analogues of the original Chevrolet Niva knock sensor

Manufacturer	vendor code	Approximate cost, ruble
Bosch	0 261 231 046	850-1000
Fenox	SD10100O7	500-850
Lada	21120-3855020	190-250
AvtoVAZ	211203855020020	300-350
EPS	1.957.001	400-500

Typical breakdowns

Be sure to listen to how the engine operates as the load increases - if even the slightest metallic clatter appears, be sure to make a diagnosis.

Otherwise, you may experience the following problems:

Burnout of the gasket under the cylinder head. When detonation occurs, the engine temperature increases.
Destruction of the pistons, as they all corrode.
Very often, elements of the crank mechanism and cylinder head are destroyed.

If you are driving your car up a hill and the gear is in high gear, be sure to monitor the engine. If you subject the engine to heavy loads, you will contribute to the appearance of detonation knocks. As a result, many elements of the car will fail, and this is the first step towards a major overhaul.

Failure of the pressure sensor circuit occurs for various reasons. Any of them can cause engine detonation. A thorough examination and diagnosis will help determine which one.

It could be:

unsuitability of the piezoelectric element itself;
outgoing cable break;
sensor short to ground;
lack of contact in the connector block;
damage to the shielding braid.

Under no circumstances should you delay troubleshooting. The consequences of detonation can be very serious, namely, they will cause damage to the engine itself.

Detonation combustion of the fuel-air mixture

Problems rarely arise with the knock sensor, but you should never rule it out. It serves to control the level of engine knock. The fact is that a small part of the fuel-air mixture in the engine cylinders burns out precisely with detonation. This happens provided that the mixture is somewhat removed from the spark plug and, when heated, burns with the formation of an “explosion”. In this case, a characteristic knocking sound occurs in the crank mechanism of the engine; some drivers say that “the fingers are knocking.”

The occurrence of detonation combustion is usually influenced by the chemical composition of gasoline (fuel with a higher octane number is somewhat more resistant to detonation) and the design features of the engine (as a rule, the higher the compression ratio in the cylinders, the higher octane fuel the car needs).

What to do if there is a malfunction of the knock sensor on a Niva Chevrolet

A malfunction of the engine is usually indicated by atypical engine behavior.

Main features:

persistent metallic knocking sound in the engine;
significant reduction in power;
strong heating of the fuel combustion chamber;
exhaust smoke;
increased gasoline consumption.

The presence of the mentioned signs indicates a potential sensor failure. Its subsequent verification is mandatory. The non-working part should be urgently replaced with a new device.

The failure of the engine is indicated by the illuminated “Check-engine” icon located on the dashboard, as well as by pronounced noise in the engine. Replacing the part will help eliminate the cause. You will need a 13mm wrench and a screwdriver. The sensor seat is located between the second and third cylinders.

Sequencing:

For ease of access to the exhaust pipe, unscrew the bolt securing the front exhaust pipe strut; move the spacer to the side.
Disconnect the connector connecting the sensor wire to the cable of the electronic control unit.
Unscrew the sensor mounting bolt.
Remove the sensor.
Check it for serviceability, replace if necessary.

Also interesting: How to change the light bulbs on the instrument panel of a Niva Chevrolet: video

Installation is carried out in reverse order.

If you determine the breakdown yourself, then it’s not far to independently diagnose the sensor, as well as replace it yourself. In principle, this is not difficult, but it requires some understanding of the process.

Before running to the auto shop, it is better to check the electrical connection circuit. But if the spare part is still faulty, then it is recommended to replace it.

How to Replace a Knock Part

To do this, we need a new sensor, a “13” key and 20 minutes of free time.

Next we perform three simple steps:

Turn off the ignition. Carefully disconnect the sensor terminal.
Using a wrench, unscrew the bolt that secures the spare part to the cylinder block.
We remove the sensor from the hood.

To install a new element, we perform the same algorithm of actions, but in reverse order. A properly functioning sensor ensures power and long service life for your car's engine. A new DD costs around 12-15 dollars. Therefore, sometimes it is better to carry out routine checks of the serviceability of this part, because repairing a car engine is much more expensive.

Next we perform three steps

Knock protection

The engine management system contains a knock sensor - it allows you to determine the presence of knocks, as well as evaluate their strength. If detonation suddenly appears and the sensor is faulty, the electronic engine control unit will generate an error signal. On the contrary, when the sensor is working properly, it will begin to produce a signal.

The design of the device is based on a piezoelectric element, which generates energy under the influence of impacts. And after that, the electronic control unit processes the signal and analyzes its level. After this, it sends a signal to change the ignition timing.

Replacing the sensor

The procedure for replacing the knock sensor on a Chevrolet Niva is quite simple. You need to adhere to the following sequence:

Find the location of the element on the engine block. And it is located in the middle part of the block; a wire made of a corrugated tube is connected to it.
Prepare your tools. A 13mm wrench and a screwdriver will be enough.
For convenience, you need to unscrew the bolt securing the front tube strut in the gun. After carrying out the necessary manipulations, this spacer must be moved to the side.
Press the latch to disconnect the block from the sensor.
Using a 13mm wrench, unscrew the bolt that secures the sensor to the engine block.
Install the new element in reverse order.

It is advisable to check the integrity of the electrical wiring before installing a new sensor to ensure that it is working correctly. Depending on where the knock sensor on the Chevrolet Niva is purchased, its price may vary between 450-650 rubles.

Engine operation is often accompanied by various types of failures. One of these failures is detonation, which involves prolonged engine operation when the ignition is turned off. From the technical side, this occurs as a result of explosive ignition of the combustible mixture in the engine cylinders.

1. When a combustible mixture enters the cylinder, it ignites when the piston does not reach top dead center by several degrees. Complete combustion of the mixture is completed when the piston reaches the top point. This is how the normal operation of any internal combustion engine is carried out. 2. The phenomenon of detonation occurs when the piston reaches the middle of the compression stroke. At this moment, the piston receives a counterforce, resulting in reduced engine power.

Problems with engine detonation on a Chevrolet Niva car

Replacing the rear brake wheel cylinder

If during operation there are traces of brake fluid leakage on the brake drum and the inside of the wheel, replace the working cylinder.

Repairing the working cylinder often does not lead to positive results, and this requires special tools. Therefore, it is recommended to replace the cylinder assembly.

You will need: a 10mm wrench and a special wrench for the brake pipe nuts.

1. Engage first gear and install support blocks under the front wheels.

2. Remove the corresponding wheel.

3. Clean the brake pipe mounting area and the brake cylinder mounting bolts on the back side of the brake shield from dirt. To make it easier to unscrew the cylinder mounting bolts and the brake pipe mounting nut, apply WD-40 to the threaded connections.

4. Remove the brake drum.

5. Raise the parking brake lever until the upper ends of the shoes come out of the piston grooves.

6. Unscrew the nut securing the brake pipe to the working cylinder and...

7. ...plug the hole in the tube, for example with the cap of the air release valve

Unscrew the two bolts securing the working cylinder, holding it on the other side, and remove the working cylinder

After long-term use, the brake pipe nut “grows together” with the pipe into one piece, and when you try to unscrew the nut, the pipe twists and breaks.

In this case, just move the tube nut a little, then unscrew the cylinder mounting bolts and disconnect it from the tube, unscrewing the cylinder from its nut.

After disconnecting the cylinder from the tube, the mobility of the freed nut can be restored by moistening it with brake fluid and turning the nut with a wrench alternately in both directions.

10. Install the slave cylinder in the reverse order of removal.

11. Bleed the brake system (only the working cylinder on the wheel being replaced is allowed).

12. Be sure to install the protective cap on the air release valve.

Purpose of the knock sensor

The knock sensor has the shape of a round torus. There is a hole in the middle through which the fastening bolt passes. There is also a connector on the DD. It provides an electrical connection between the meter and the electronic control unit of the power plant. There is a piezoelectric element inside the torus. The vibration that occurs during detonation leads to shaking loads, which the DDs convert into an electrical signal of a certain frequency and amplitude.

The ECU controls the voltage coming from the motor. If the amplitude and frequency do not correspond to the normal range of values, this indicates the occurrence of detonation. To eliminate it, the control unit adjusts engine operation.

Elimination of excessive vibration and detonation makes it possible to reduce parasitic destructive loads affecting the power unit. Therefore, the main purpose of DD is the task of timely detection of the occurrence of detonation and increasing engine life. The image below shows the DD connection diagram.

This part is equipped with vehicles that run exclusively on gasoline and have an injection type engine. Knock sensors (DS) control the combustion process of liquid fuel, normalizing engine operation. This happens with the help of an electronic control unit (ECU), which, in the event of a sensor malfunction, ceases to see the detonation processes occurring in the cylinders.

Under high loads on the vehicle (steep climb, off-road), an imbalance occurs in the engine combustion chamber between the moment of fuel injection and its ignition. This affects the appearance of strong mechanical vibrations. DD eliminates such phenomena by sending a specialized electrical signal to the ECU.

The cause of detonation may be low-quality gasoline with a low octane number or design features of the engine. The positive aspect of the sensor’s operation is that it promptly protects the power unit from destruction, produces significant fuel savings and allows the car to develop maximum power. All this is extremely important for an SUV.

What is the Niva Chevrolet knock sensor responsible for?

There are three main functions:

car speed;
car power:
fuel consumption.

This is a so-called monitoring system that displays errors on the dashboard: “high signal level” and “low signal level,” thereby signaling to us that there is a malfunction in the car. The knock sensor on the Chevrolet Niva is located on the front side of the engine cylinder block. For stable operation of the car’s engine, it is necessary that the ignition overtaking angle be within normal limits. If the latter goes beyond the limits, the engine overheats and, as a result, excessive fuel consumption.

A malfunction of this spare part can occur for a variety of reasons:

signal wires are broken;
the braid is broken;
short circuit;
control unit failure.

There are three main functions

Computer diagnostics

The most complete diagnosis is possible with a computer or laptop. In order to use this method, you must purchase an adapter. This adapter performs two functions at once. It is an adapter from a K-line port to a USB port or to a COM port. It also acts as a decoder, which allows you to transmit signals from the ECU to the PC. You will also need to install the appropriate software on your laptop. There are a lot of free versions on the Internet. There are universal programs, as well as programs written for a specific car. After connecting to the computer, you will need to turn on the ignition and launch the program. The connection will happen automatically.

The interface of the computer program is very convenient and allows even an inexperienced user to navigate intuitively. All functionality can be divided into several sections. These are parameters, errors and settings. If the first two sections are informational, then using the third section you can control the vehicle systems.

Few people know that the Chevrolet Niva has a self-diagnosis function that produces basic error codes that can be used to quickly find and fix vehicle problems. It is not difficult to carry out this procedure yourself; just press the odometer button firmly and turn on the ignition at the same time. The arrows on the speedometer will creep up, after pressing again, an information message about the firmware version will be displayed, and the next time, all error codes will appear on the monitor, naturally, if there are malfunctions in the car.

How to check the knock sensor?

Unfortunately, the knock sensor can also fail. In this case, a person without special knowledge will be able to notice this only by the lit indicator. No other obvious signs will be noticed. The car will continue to operate in the same mode and start without any signs of breakdown.

At this point, it is necessary to remember that this device is not mechanical, it is part of an electronic system, and therefore the breakdown is considered electronic.

A knock sensor malfunction can happen for a number of different reasons, including:

There has been a breakdown inside the sensor itself.
Closure.
The signal wire or braided shield is broken.
Damage to the engine control unit.

Thus, it will not be difficult to identify the breakdown. In order to determine it, it is necessary to conduct a test.

But those who are not looking for easy ways can always carry out this simple process on their own. Self-checking occurs according to the following scheme:

First, we remove the protection in the garage. You will have to work directly with the engine block.
Now we rule out a break in the signal wire and shielding braid. If it is torn or the braid is torn, you need to check the fastening of the plug and socket of the sensor. The integrity of the braid must be checked.
If a break is excluded, the outlet itself is assessed. It is possible that its connection is faulty and requires replacement.
You can detect faults in the device itself using a voltmeter. In this case, the car must be started and idling.
You also need to check the condition of the device contacts.

Also interesting: Chevrolet Niva temperature sensor: where is it located, replacement

You can check it yourself in a slightly different way. For this you need a multimeter. This device is very often found among car enthusiasts.

Checking the knock sensor with a multimeter is carried out only after it is removed from the engine. When checking, they knock on it with something metal. This method is the simplest.

We set the range to 200 mV, connect the positive and negative wires to the sensor terminal and to the metal ring, respectively. Do not confuse ground and signal pin! Now you need to hit it with something metal, but not too hard. The sensor will have to detonate.

You can check the sensor with another device called an oscilloscope. It will allow you to study the signal more qualitatively.

Now you need to tap the sensor lightly. The device will show detonation.

If the sensor detonates, then it is working, and the breakdown must be looked for elsewhere. But if the knock sensor signal is low or there is no signal, then this is a malfunction.

Location of the knock sensor on Niva Chevrolet

The location of the sensor is designed in such a way as to obtain the highest sensitivity of the sensor. In order to see where the meter is located, you need to look directly at the cylinder block. The sensor is screwed on with a bolt. You can determine the location of the sensor by following the wires in the corrugated tube running from the ECU to the sensor.

The transmission of an accurate signal from the measuring element to the ECU is very important. You can only get it directly from the cylinder block. Based on this, it becomes clear why the Chevrolet Niva knock sensor is located where the greatest mechanical shock occurs: right at the source.

Fastening is carried out using a bolt. The connection to the ECU is made through a wire protected by a corrugated tube.

in our VKontakte group

DIAGNOSE YOUR CAR YOURSELF!

engine crankshaft speed is more than 1300 rpm; coolant temperature above 60°C; the amplitude of the knock sensor signal is above the threshold. If a permanent malfunction occurs, the “CHECK ENGINE” lamp lights up after 2 drive cycles.

1. The existence of conditions for the occurrence of code P0328 is checked.

2. The serviceability of the screen of wires 2 B and 88 G is checked.

1. Connect the adapter cable to the diagnostic connector. Start the engine and warm up to a coolant temperature of 60°C. Set the engine crankshaft speed to more than 1300 rpm.

Code P0328 is intermittent. If it is currently inactive and there are no other codes, analyze the conditions under which the code occurred. Check by ear the operation of the engine for the presence of extraneous metallic noises and knocking (valves are not adjusted); if found, eliminate them. Make sure that the sensor wiring harness is not routed near high voltage wires. See the “Checking the Knock Control System” card.

2. Check the serviceability of the screen and the connection between the screen and engine ground. Check the tightening torque of the knock sensor mounting nut.

If comments are found, the sensor or controller is faulty.

If there are no comments, fix the problem.

After repair, start the engine, reset the codes and make sure there is no signal from the “CHECK ENGINE” lamp.

We only find out where the knock sensor is located when we encounter problems with it. And before we talk about its location, it is worth understanding what this element is and what it is needed for. Let's start with this!

Engine control system VAZ-21214

Connection diagram of the VAZ-21214 engine management system with central fuel injection under US-83 toxicity standards with controller 21214-1411010 (EFI-4 type) on VAZ-21214 vehicles: 1 - “CHECK ENGINE” control lamp; 2 — instrument cluster (fragments); 3 — electric fans of the engine cooling system*;

4 — electric heater of the intake pipe; 5 — air temperature sensor; 6 — absolute pressure sensor; 7 — coolant temperature sensor; 8 — block connected to the throttle position sensor; 9 — central fuel injection unit; 10 — block connected to the idle speed regulator;

11 — block connected to the nozzle; 12 — diagnostic block; 13 - controller; 14 — knock sensor; 15 — speed sensor; 16 — oxygen concentration sensor; 17 - adsorber; 18 — battery; 19 - main relay; 20 — fuse block of the engine control system; 21 — relay for turning on the electric fuel pump;

22 — relay for turning on the electric fan*; 23 — relay for turning on the electric heater of the inlet pipe; 24 — electric heater protection fuse; 25 — starter activation relay; 26 — ignition relay; 27 — main car fuse box (fragment); 28 — spark plugs; 29 — tachometer; 30 — electric fuel pump with fuel level sensor;

Also interesting: Chevrolet Niva central locking diagram: what to do if the lock from the key does not work, where the control unit and relay are located

31 — ignition module; 32 — crankshaft position sensor; 33 - courtesy light switch, located on the driver's door pillar; 34 — control unit of the automobile anti-theft system**; 35 — status indicator of the car anti-theft system**; A - wire going to plug “50” of the ignition switch;

The order of conditional numbering of plugs in the blocks: a - controller; b — control unit of the automobile anti-theft system; c — indicator of the state of the automobile anti-theft system; g — speed sensor; d — central fuel injection unit; e — electric fuel pump and oxygen concentration sensor; g — ignition module; h - absolute pressure sensor.

Connection diagram of the VAZ-21214 engine control system with distributed fuel injection under Euro-2 toxicity standards with controller 2123-1411020-10 (type MP 7.

0) on VAZ-21214 cars: 1 - warning lamp of the engine control system; 2 — instrument cluster (fragments); 3 — electric fans of the engine cooling system; 4 — courtesy light switch, located on the driver’s door pillar; 5 — status indicator of the car anti-theft system;

6 — control unit of the automobile anti-theft system; 7-coolant temperature sensor; 8 — air flow sensor; 9 — throttle assembly; 10 — block connected to the throttle position sensor; 11 — block connected to the idle speed regulator; 12 - controller; 13 — oxygen concentration sensor;

14 — knock sensor; 15 — crankshaft position sensor; 16 — speed sensor; 17 - adsorber; 18 — battery; 19 - main relay; 20 — diagnostic block; 21 — fuse block of the engine control system; 22 — relay for turning on the electric fuel pump; 23 — relay for turning on electric fans;

24 — main car fuse box (fragment); 25 — block connected to the additional wiring harness*; 26 — ignition module; 27 - tachometer; 28 — electric fuel pump with fuel level sensor; 29 — nozzles; 30 — spark plugs; A - rear wiring harness wire connected to switch 4;

The order of conditional numbering of plugs in the blocks: a - controller; b — control unit of the automobile anti-theft system; in - air flow sensor; g — speed sensor; d — indicator of the state of the automobile anti-theft system; e — electric fuel pump and oxygen concentration sensor; g - throttle pipe; h — ignition module.

Read news about the new Niva

Clutch adjustment on Niva 21214 - Online reference book to help the car owner - looking for and fixing faults
How to eliminate vibration of the VAZ-21213 transfer case
Fuses and relays (location and purpose of fuses and relays) Niva Chevrolet "
Mud tires for Niva 4x4: radius 15 and 16 - which one is better to install "
Liquids used and filling volumes Niva VAZ 21213, 21214, 2131 lada 4×4
Wheel stud M12x1.25x41 2121, 21213, 2131, 21214, 2123 rear
Niva Chevrolet transfer case: device, connection diagram and how to use?
How is a CV joint replaced on a Chevrolet Niva?

Methods for checking a knock sensor

If the first signs of a malfunction of the meter appear, then before making a decision to replace it, it is necessary to check the performance of the meter. First of all, you should pay attention to whether there is an error on the on-board computer screen. If the DD produces too high or low a signal level, this is detected electronically and the driver receives an alert.

You can accurately check the serviceability of the DD only on a stand. All other methods only indirectly indicate the performance of the device.

First of all, it is important to check the resistance between the contacts. In normal condition it should be about 5 MOhm. Any significant deviation indicates a malfunction of the meter.

Another test method is to measure voltage. To do this you should:

Remove the sensor.
Connect a multimeter or voltmeter to the terminals.
Using a small metal object, such as pliers or a bolt, tap the working torus of the meter.
Check the information on the device. If there are no voltage surges, then the sensor is unsuitable for further use. It is important to take into account that even if there are voltage surges, this is not a reason to consider the DD to be fully operational. The ECU operates in a narrow range of amplitudes and frequencies, the correspondence of which cannot be detected with a multimeter or voltmeter.

In order to independently change the knock sensor on a Chevrolet Niva, you must follow the instructions below.

Disconnect the terminal block.

Move the connector to the side so that it does not interfere with further dismantling.

Using a 13mm wrench, unscrew the DD fastening bolt.
Remove the sensor.
Install a new sensor.
Connect the connector.

It is easy to check the inoperability of the DD yourself without dismantling it by conducting preliminary testing.

How to do it:

put the engine at idle speed (about 2000 rpm);
lightly tap with a hammer near the sensor.

A drop in engine speed (which will be audible) will indicate the serviceability of the part. If the speed remains unchanged, then the piezoelectric element is tested additionally. To do this, the DD will need to be removed by unscrewing the mounting bolt and disconnecting the block.

Then use a voltmeter or multimeter.

The procedure is as follows:

connect the tester to the DD contacts;
set constant voltage mode;
Using light taps on the sensor, monitor the meter readings.

Voltage fluctuations of up to 0.2 volts are a sign of the operating condition of the DD. If there are no voltage surges, it means it is damaged and must be replaced.