Carburetor VAZ 2106: purpose, design, malfunctions, adjustment

The stable operation of a carburetor engine directly depends on the performance of the carburetor itself. Until recently, cars of the VAZ family were equipped with a fuel supply system using this unit. The carburetor requires periodic maintenance, which is something that almost every Zhiguli owner faces. You can do the cleaning and adjustment work yourself, just read and follow the step-by-step instructions.

• What is it for?
• Carburetor design
• Idle system
• Float chamber
• Econostat
• Acceleration pump
• Transition system
• Starting system
• What carburetors are installed on the VAZ 2106

  DAAZ

• Ozone
• Solex

Installing two carburetors

• Signs of a carburetor malfunction

  Stalls at idle

• Dips during acceleration

  Video: eliminating air leaks

Pouring candles

Smell of gasoline in the cabin

Stalls when you press the gas

Video: fixing the stalling engine problem

Adjusting the carburetor VAZ 2106

XX adjustment

Video: how to make idle stable

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Adjusting the float chamber

Adjusting the accelerator pump

Cleaning or replacing jets

Video: how to clean the carburetor

Table: numbers and sizes of jets for VAZ 2106 carburetors

Replacing the carburetor

How to remove

Video: how to remove a carburetor using the example of a VAZ 2107

How to put

Carburetor VAZ 2106

The VAZ “six” was produced by the Volzhsky Automobile Plant for 30 years, from 1976 to 2006. The car was equipped with carburetor engines with a volume of 1.3 liters to 1.6 liters. Various carburetors were used as part of the fuel system, but the most common was Ozone.

One of the most common carburetors for the VAZ 2106 was Ozone

What is it for?

For any carburetor engine, an integral component is the carburetor, which is designed to prepare the optimal composition of the fuel-air mixture by mixing air and fuel, as well as to supply this mixture to the cylinders of the power unit. For more efficient fuel combustion, mixing with air must occur in certain proportions, usually 14.7:1 (air/gasoline). Depending on the engine operating mode, the ratio may vary.

Carburetor design

Whatever carburetor is installed on the VAZ 2106, the differences between them are minimal. The main systems of the node in question are:

• idle system;
• float chamber;
• econostat;
• accelerator pump;
• transition system;
• starting system.

Ozone carburetor diagram: 1. Accelerator pump screw. 2. Plug. 3. Fuel jet of the transition system of the second chamber of the carburetor. 4. Air jet of the transition system of the second chamber. 5. Econostat air jet. 6. Econostat fuel jet. 7. Air jet of the main metering system of the second chamber of the carburetor. 8. Econostat emulsion jet. 9. Diaphragm mechanism for pneumatic drive of the throttle valve of the second chamber of the carburetor. 10. Small diffuser. 11. Jets for the pneumatic drive of the throttle valve of the second chamber of the carburetor. 12. Screw—valve (discharge) of the accelerator pump. 13. Acceleration pump nozzle. 14. Carburetor air damper. 15. Air jet of the main metering system of the first chamber of the carburetor. 16. Damper jet of the starting device. 17. Diaphragm trigger mechanism. 18. Air jet of the idle system. 19. Fuel jet for idle system.20. Fuel needle valve.21. Carburetor strainer. 22. Fuel fitting. 23. Float. 24. Idle speed adjustment screw. 25. Fuel nozzle of the main metering system of the first chamber.26. Screw for the “quality” of the fuel mixture. 27. Fuel mixture “amount” screw. 28. Throttle valve of the first chamber. 29. Thermal insulation spacer. 30. Throttle valve of the second chamber of the carburetor. 31. Diaphragm rod of the pneumatic drive of the throttle valve of the second chamber. 32. Emulsion tube. 33. Fuel nozzle of the main metering system of the second chamber. 34. Accelerator pump bypass jet. 35. Accelerator pump suction valve. 36. Accelerator pump drive lever

To better understand the operation of the device, the listed systems should be considered in more detail.

Idle system

The idle speed system (IAC) is designed to maintain stable engine speed when the throttle valve is closed. In this operating mode, the engine receives power without external assistance. Fuel is taken by the system from the float chamber and mixed with air in the emulsion tube.

Diagram of the carburetor idle system: 1 - throttle body; 2 — throttle valve of the primary chamber; 3 - holes for transition modes; 4 - hole, adjustable with a screw; 5 — air supply channel; 6 — mixture quantity adjustment screw; 7 — adjusting screw for the composition (quality) of the mixture; 8 — emulsion channel of the idle system; 9 — additional air adjusting screw; 10 — carburetor body cover; 11 — air jet of the idle system; 12 — fuel jet of the idle system; 13 — fuel channel of the idle system; 14 - emulsion well

Float chamber

The design of any carburetor includes a float chamber in which a float is located that controls the fuel level. Despite the simplicity of this system, there are times when the fuel level does not correspond to the optimal value. This is due to a violation of the tightness of the needle valve. The reason for this phenomenon is the operation of the car on low quality fuel. The problem is eliminated by cleaning or replacing the valve. The float itself needs adjustment from time to time.

There is a float in the float chamber of the carburetor that controls the fuel level

Econostat

The econostat provides the engine with fuel when operating at high speeds and supplies the fuel-air mixture in proportions corresponding to the speed. By its design, the econostat consists of a tube with different sections and emulsion channels, which are located at the top of the mixing chamber. At maximum engine loads, a vacuum occurs in this place.

Acceleration pump

To prevent failure when you press the gas pedal sharply, the carburetor is equipped with an accelerator pump, which supplies additional fuel. The need for this mechanism is due to the fact that during sudden acceleration the carburetor is not able to supply the required amount of fuel to the cylinders.

Accelerator pump diagram: 1 - valve-screw; 2 - sprayer; 3 - fuel channel; 4 — bypass jet; 5 - float chamber; 6 — accelerator pump drive cam; 7 — drive lever; 8 — return spring; 9 — diaphragm cup; 10 — pump diaphragm; 11 — inlet ball valve; 12 — gasoline vapor chamber

Transition system

Transition systems in the carburetor enrich the fuel mixture during the transition from idle to the operation of the main metering systems, when the accelerator pedal is smoothly pressed. The fact is that when the throttle valve is opened, the amount of air passing through the diffuser of the main dosing system increases. Although a vacuum is created, it is not enough to drain fuel from the nozzle of the main metering chamber. The combustible mixture becomes leaner due to the large amount of air in it. As a result, the engine may stall. The situation with the second chamber is similar - when opening the throttle valve, it is necessary to enrich the fuel mixture to prevent dips.

Starting system

When starting a cold carburetor engine, it is not always possible to ensure the supply of the required amount of fuel and air. To do this, the carburetor has a starting system that allows you to regulate the air supply using an air damper. This part is located on the first chamber and is adjusted with a cable from the interior. As the engine warms up, the throttle opens.

Choke is a device that covers the inlet for supplying air to the carburetor when starting the engine when cold.

Diaphragm trigger diagram: 1 - air damper drive lever; 2 - air damper; 3 — air pipe of the primary chamber of the carburetor; 4 - traction; 5 — starting rod; 6 — diaphragm of the starting device; 7 — adjusting screw of the starting device; 8 - cavity communicating with the throttle space; 9 — telescopic rod; 10 — damper control lever; 11 — lever; 12 — axis of the throttle valve of the primary chamber; 13 — lever on the axis of the primary chamber damper; 14 — lever; 15 — axis of the throttle valve of the secondary chamber; 1 6 — throttle valve of the secondary chamber; 17 — throttle body; 18 — throttle control lever of the secondary chamber; 19 — thrust; 20 - pneumatic drive

When the choke handle is pulled out, the mixture is enriched, but a gap of 0.7 mm remains so as not to flood the spark plugs.

What carburetors are installed on the VAZ 2106

Despite the fact that the VAZ “six” has not been produced for a long time, a large number of these cars are found on the roads. Their owners often wonder which carburetor can be installed instead of the standard one, with the following goals being pursued: to reduce fuel consumption, improve the dynamic performance of the car and generally achieve optimal performance characteristics. It is quite possible to realize these desires today, for which purpose the standard carburetor is replaced. Let's consider what modifications of the devices in question can be installed on the VAZ 2106.

DAAZ

At the beginning of the production of cars of the VAZ family, the power units were paired with carburetors of the Dmitrov Automotive Aggregate Plant (DAAZ). To manufacture these units, a license was purchased from Weber. Many “sixes” still have exactly these carburetors today. They are characterized by good dynamics, simple design and high fuel consumption, usually at least 10 liters per 100 km. It is very difficult to purchase such a carburetor in good condition. To assemble a normally functioning unit, you will need to purchase several devices.

Initially, the VAZ 2106 was equipped with a DAAZ carburetor, which provided good dynamics, but also had high fuel consumption

Find out more about the DAAZ carburetor: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/toplivnaya-sistema/karbyurator-daaz-2107–1107010-ustroystvo-i-regulirovka.html

Ozone

The Ozone carburetor was created on the basis of Weber, but the unit had distinctive features:

• fuel efficiency;
• reduction of exhaust gas toxicity.

In those days, this carburetor was considered the most environmentally friendly. If the device is adjusted correctly, then the dynamics should be good, and fuel consumption should be 7–10 liters per 100 km. Despite its positive qualities, the knot also has disadvantages. The fact is that the secondary chamber is opened using a pneumatic drive, which sometimes refuses to work. In addition, problems arise with the forced idle system due to wear on the diaphragm.

The Ozone carburetor was more economical and environmentally friendly compared to the DAAZ

If the adjustments are violated or the mechanism is dirty, the secondary chamber may not open at all or open, but with a long delay. As a result, the dynamics deteriorate, stable engine operation at medium and high speeds is disrupted. In order for the Ozone carburetor to operate smoothly, the unit must be periodically serviced.

More information about the Ozone carburetor: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/toplivnaya-sistema/karbyurator-ozon-2107-ustroystvo.html

Solex

DAAZ-21053 carburetors (Solex) are especially popular among Zhiguli owners. The device has good dynamics and efficiency indicators. For the “six” this is one of the best options. Compared to previous carburetors, Solex has design differences, since it is equipped with a fuel return system: it supplies fuel back to the fuel tank. As a result, it is possible to save about 400–800 g of gasoline per 100 km.

Some Solex modifications were equipped with an idle speed control valve and an automatic cold start system.

The Solex carburetor has good dynamics and fuel efficiency

The operation of such a carburetor showed that the device is quite capricious due to narrow fuel and air channels, which often become clogged. As a result, problems with idle speed arise, and later other problems. Fuel consumption is 6–10 liters per hundred with measured driving. In terms of dynamics, the Solex is second only to the Weber of the first years of production. In order for this carburetor to work flawlessly, it is necessary to carry out preventive maintenance in a timely manner.

Find out more about Solex: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/toplivnaya-sistema/karbyurator-soleks-21073-ustroystvo.html

Installing two carburetors

The owners of Zhiguli cars, who are not satisfied with the operation of the engine at high speeds, are thinking about installing two units for mixing fuel and air. The fact is that the channels of a standard intake manifold have different lengths, and this does not allow the engine to develop full power. The introduction of two carburetors ensures a more uniform supply of the fuel-air mixture, which increases torque and increases the power of the power unit.

If you are interested in upgrading your six, you need to know that you can do this kind of work yourself. To carry it out you will need patience, the necessary materials and components. Installing two carburetors requires the following list:

• two intake manifolds from an Oka car;
• tees for the fuel system;
• throttle valve drive parts;
• set of hoses and tees;
• a strip of metal 3–4 mm thick.

When installing two carburetors, a more uniform supply of the fuel-air mixture into the combustion chamber of the engine is ensured.

In addition to the above, you need to prepare a set of standard tools (screwdrivers, wrenches, pliers), as well as a vice, drill and metal cutter. As for the choice of carburetor, you need to install two identical models, for example, Ozone or Solex. The installation process begins with removing the standard intake manifold and adjusting the Oka parts so that they fit neatly to the cylinder head.

For ease of work, it is recommended to remove the block head.

When preparing intake manifolds, close attention is paid to the channels: the surface should not have any protruding elements. Otherwise, the mixture flow will experience resistance while the engine is running. All interfering parts must be removed using a cutter. Having completed all the preparatory procedures, the carburetors are installed. Then the devices are adjusted by unscrewing the quality and quantity screws by the same number of turns. In order for both devices to open at the same time, it is necessary to make a bracket that will connect to the gas pedal. A suitable cable, for example, from a Tavria car, is used as a drive for carburetors.

Important little things

Any Solex (except 21073) has jets with very thin holes. It should be noted that because of this, the jets are very sensitive to debris in the fuel, and the carburetor itself often becomes clogged with dirt. For this reason, fuel filters should be changed regularly. To increase reliability, you can install an injection fuel filter. It will be a little more expensive, but you can increase the interval between inspections of the unit.

If the decision to install a Solex carburetor on a classic is made, then in addition to the carburetor, additional spare parts may be needed. The unit can be installed with or without recreating the EPH system - only the unconnected solenoid valve will remain. The easiest way is to get by with this system. But experts say that although the EPHH allows for 5% fuel savings, the system is unreliable and often fails. And this significantly reduces the reliability of the entire unit.

To prevent the solenoid valve from cutting off the fuel supply to the Solex idle channel (after all, the EPHH unit is not installed as standard), it is necessary to remove the valve needle from the housing. But the easiest way is to connect the valve from the ignition switch.

When installing Solex on rear-wheel drive VAZs, you need to plug the return flow with a plug or connect it through a check valve to the fuel supply system to the fuel filter.

Signs of a carburetor malfunction

As you use a car with a carburetor, certain problems may arise that require cleaning, adjusting the unit, or replacing any of its parts. Let's look at the most common problems with the mechanism and methods for eliminating them.

Stalls at idle

One of the most common malfunctions of carburetors of the VAZ 2106 and other “classics” is problems with idle speed. In this situation, the following happens: when you press the gas pedal, the engine normally picks up speed, and when you release it, the engine stalls, i.e., when the transition to idle mode (idle) occurs. There may be several reasons for this phenomenon:

• clogged jets and channels of the XX system;
• solenoid valve malfunction;
• problems with the forced stroke economizer;
• failure of the quality screw seal;
• the need to adjust the unit.

One of the common causes of a stalled engine at idle is clogged carburetor jets.

The design of the carburetor is made with a combination of the XX system and the primary chamber. As a result, problems may occur that lead not only to failures, but also to a complete stop of the motor. The solution to these problems is quite simple: replacing faulty elements, if necessary, cleaning and blowing the channels with compressed air.

Dips during acceleration

When accelerating a car, dips may appear, which represent a drop in acceleration or a complete stop of the car.

Dips can vary in duration - from 2 to 10 seconds; jerking, twitching, and swaying are also possible.

The main cause of this problem is a lean or rich fuel mixture entering the cylinders of the power unit when the gas pedal is pressed.

First of all, it is worth noting that failures can be caused not only by carburetor problems, but also by clogging or malfunction of the fuel system, as well as the ignition system. Therefore, you first need to check them and only after that start repairing the carburetor. The most likely cause of VAZ 2106 failures may be a clogged hole in the main fuel jet (GFJ). When the engine operates under low loads or in idle mode, a small amount of fuel is consumed. When you press the gas pedal, high loads occur, resulting in a sharp increase in fuel consumption. If the GTZ is clogged, the passage hole will become smaller, which will lead to a lack of fuel and failures in engine operation. In this case, the nozzle must be cleaned.

The appearance of dips can also be caused by clogged fuel filters or loose fuel pump valves. If there is an air leak in the power system, then the problem in question is also quite likely. If the filters become clogged, they can simply be replaced or cleaned (the mesh at the inlet to the carburetor). If the problem is caused by the fuel pump, the mechanism will need to be repaired or replaced with a new one.

One of the reasons for failures when pressing the gas pedal is a clogged fuel filter.

As for air leaks, this usually happens through the intake manifold. It is necessary to check the tightness of the connection between the carburetor and the manifold. To do this, with the engine running, spray WD-40 on the connections between the manifold, gaskets and carburetor on all sides. If the fluid leaves too quickly, it means there is a leak in that place. Next, you need to remove the carburetor and eliminate the malfunction (align it under a press or resort to improvised means).

Video: eliminating air leaks

Pouring candles

The problem with flooded spark plugs is familiar to almost every owner of a car with a carburetor engine. In this situation, starting the unit is quite difficult. When you turn the spark plug out, you can see that the part is wet, that is, it is filled with fuel. This indicates that the carburetor supplies a rich fuel mixture at the time of start-up. In such a situation, it is impossible for a normal spark to appear.

The problem with flooded spark plugs can occur both during a cold and hot start of the engine.

There are many reasons that lead to flooded spark plugs, but they all prevent normal spark formation

Since there may be several reasons for this phenomenon, it is worth considering them in more detail:

1. Starting the engine with the choke pulled out. If you close the air damper on a warm engine, an over-enriched mixture will be supplied to the cylinders, which will lead to flooding of the spark plugs.
2. The starter is faulty or needs adjustment. The problem in this case usually manifests itself when it is cold. In order for the starting device to be properly adjusted, the starting gaps must be set properly. The trigger device itself must have a complete diaphragm and a sealed housing. Otherwise, when starting a cold unit, the air damper will not open slightly to the required angle, thereby depleting the fuel mixture by mixing in air. If there is no such opening, the mixture will become enriched when starting cold. As a result, the candles will be wet.
3. Faulty spark plugs. If the spark plug has black soot, an incorrectly set gap between the electrodes, or is completely broken, then the part will not be able to ignite the fuel-air mixture and will be flooded with gasoline when the engine starts. This indicates the need to have a set of spark plugs in stock so that replacement can be carried out if necessary. With such a malfunction, the part will be wet both cold and hot.
4. Needle valve malfunction. If the carburetor needle valve in the float chamber has lost its tightness and allows more fuel to pass through than it should, the fuel mixture becomes rich during start-up mode. If this part fails, the problem can occur during cold and hot starts. Valve leakage can often be determined by the smell of gasoline in the engine compartment, as well as by fuel leaks on the carburetor. In this case, the needle must be checked and, if necessary, replaced.
5. The fuel pump is overfilling. If the fuel pump drive is not adjusted correctly, the pump itself may pump fuel. As a result, excess gasoline pressure is created on the needle valve, which leads to an increase in fuel in the float chamber and an enrichment of the fuel mixture. To fix the problem, you need to adjust the drive.
6. Clogged air jets of the main dosing system (GDS). GDS air jets are necessary to supply air to the fuel mixture so that it has the necessary proportions of gasoline and air for normal engine starting. Lack of air or its complete absence due to clogged nozzles leads to the preparation of an enriched combustible mixture and flooding of the candles.

Smell of gasoline in the cabin

Owners of the VAZ 2106 and other “classics” sometimes encounter such a nuisance as the appearance of the smell of gasoline in the cabin. The situation requires urgent search and elimination of the problem, since fuel vapors are harmful to human health and are explosive. There may be several reasons for this smell. One of them is damage to the fuel tank, for example due to a crack. Therefore, the container must be checked for leaks and, if a damaged area is detected, repairs must be made.

Due to incorrect adjustment of the fuel pump rod, fuel may overflow and the smell of gasoline may appear in the cabin.

The smell of gasoline can also be caused by fuel leaking from the fuel line (hoses, tubes), which could simply become unusable over time. Attention should also be paid to the fuel pump: if the membrane is damaged, gasoline may leak and smell may enter the cabin. Over time, the fuel pump rod wears out, which requires adjustment work. If the procedure is performed incorrectly, fuel will overflow and an unpleasant odor will appear in the cabin.

Stalls when you press the gas

There are many reasons why the engine stalls when you press the gas pedal. These could be:

• clogged accelerator pump nozzles;
• incorrect adjustment of XX;
• blockage of the transition system.

In addition, the reason may be in the distributor itself, for example, due to poor contact. As for the carburetor, you need to clean and blow out all the holes in it, check the jet markings with the table for a specific modification and, if necessary, install the appropriate part. Then the ignition is adjusted, having previously set the gap on the distributor cams, and the carburetor is also adjusted (fuel quality and quantity).

Video: fixing the stalling engine problem

Which Solex to choose

Units produced by Dimitrovgradsky differ mainly in the geometry of the jets. There is a difference in the diameters of the diffusers, as well as in the size and design of the air jets. The cam profile also differs.

However, without any unpleasant consequences or modifications, absolutely any Solex from the entire series can be installed on a car for which the carburetor was never made. Many models and modifications of these carburetors were produced - they were equipped with VAZ-08, 09, AZLK-21412, ZAZ-1102. There are “Solex” for VAZ-2104, 05, 07. This all means that absolutely any unit from the mentioned line can be installed on rear-wheel drive VAZs without modifications or almost without them.

The result of tuning depends on the choice of a particular Solex. But in any case, the engine’s traction will improve and the car will accelerate smoothly. To save money, it is worth choosing the Solex modification on the Tavria - this is DAAZ-2181. If you need increased acceleration dynamics, then select DAAZ-21073. It features diffusers of larger diameter. This carburetor was created for engines with a displacement of 1.7, and after installing this Solex on a classic, you should prepare for high fuel consumption.

Solex models 2108, 21083, 21051-30 are considered by motorists to be the golden mean. The units are capable of providing better dynamic characteristics and lower fuel consumption when comparing their characteristics with Ozone.

Where to begin

You should start setting up the Solex 21083 carburetor by adjusting the fuel level in the float chamber. This involves directly starting the engine and warming it up for five minutes. Then the motor is turned off and the following steps are performed:

1. The fuel supply hose is carefully separated to prevent gasoline from entering the chamber during further operation.
2. The five screws securing the cover are removed.
3. The choke system cable is removed.
4. The lid is lifted horizontally with extreme caution so that the floats are not damaged.
5. In the chamber itself, the fuel level is measured using a ruler or caliper.

Installation process

Now you can start installation:

• To protect the collector from dirt, the engine compartment must be thoroughly washed.
• Then the drives and cables, as well as hoses, are disconnected from the standard carburetor.
• To remove the choke cable casing, remove the bracket from the choke panel.
• The surface of the collector is carefully cleaned and sealant is applied.
• After these operations, you need to install gaskets in the form of a sandwich. First the thin one is placed, then the thick one, then the thin one again. The purpose of a thick gasket is to provide thermal insulation. And to make the installation process more convenient, the carburetor is installed on the manifold without a cover. The damper drive must be at the front of the car.
• They mount the throttle valve linkage - on the VAZ-2104 it will be more convenient if it is on the cylinder head side. The slide or “helicopter” is sometimes sawed through the center so that it fits evenly on the carburetor. And so that in normal operation the damper does not jam on the spring, plastic tips are installed on the rods.

• Next, pull the choke drive cable over the cylinder head cover and adjust it to the required length. Adjustment is carried out by changing the length of the casing. The cable is then connected to the carburetor.
• After this, you can install the top cover.
• Next, the fuel supply, return, and heating hoses are connected to the carburetor. The return hose is equipped with a check valve. The return spring clings to the axis of the old rocker on the cylinder head cover.

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Most modern gasoline cars are equipped with fuel injection systems, but before they gained dominance, all cars were equipped with carburetor systems. For this system to work correctly, the carburetor settings must be performed flawlessly. High-quality carburetor adjustment will reduce fuel consumption, make the engine run smoothly at idle, reduce the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere and increase the overall engine life.

Most domestic cars have a carburetor system, and the question of how to adjust the carburetor will not lose its relevance for a long time. Many owners of rare old foreign cars also face the problem of how to adjust the carburetor. Since the principle of operation of carburetors around the world is no different, the algorithm of work will be the same.

The carburetor is the main component of the fuel system of any carburetor car. This is where air and fuel mix to form a fuel mixture that enters the engine's combustion chambers. A properly adjusted carburetor produces a fuel mixture in the required proportions. Such a mixture will not detonate in the cylinders, which will increase the life of your engine.

Scooter starting enrichment device

There are two types of starting concentrators - manual and automatic.

The manual (mechanical) starting enrichment requires adjustment - it must be opened at startup and closed after the engine warms up using a cable on the steering wheel. But manually opening and closing the additional channel for supplying the mixture is inconvenient. An automatic starting enricher (thermoelectric valve) is installed on most modern 2t and 4t scooters. We will learn about the device of the automatic starting enrichment further.

1. Solenoid valve body
2. Ceramic heater
3. Drive (powder)
4. Stock
5. Pusher
6. Damper
7. Fuel chamber
8. Float chamber
9. Starting fuel jet
10. Spring

The scooter carburetor has a small additional fuel chamber 7, which is connected to the main float chamber 8 through the start nozzle 9. The tube from chamber 7 leads to the mixing chamber into which air is supplied and from which the air-gasoline mixture goes into the engine. A valve 6 can move in the mixing chamber, similar to a carburetor throttle valve, only much smaller in size. Just like the throttle valve, the starting valve contains a spring-loaded needle that closes the fuel channel when the valve is lowered. Valve body 1 is wrapped in thermal insulation (polyethylene foam) and covered with a rubber boot. This enricher design is used on almost all modern scooters.

Older models may use a design without an electric heater, heat is transferred to the drive through a copper heat-conducting cylinder directly from the scooter's engine cylinder, and instead of a powder with a heating element, a membrane is installed. One cavity of the flask, where it is located, is connected through a thermal valve to the intake manifold, which is mounted on the cylinder head.

Settings

The popularity of the Solex carburetor is due to its ability to operate steadily in any, even extreme conditions. But for this, correct installation alone is not enough; the device must be configured correctly. Many car enthusiasts prefer to entrust this process to specially trained specialists, although the work can be done independently. Carburetor adjustment is performed in the following order:

1. Setting the correct level in the float chambers. To do this, warm up the engine for several minutes, then turn off and remove the fuel hose. Remove the carburetor cover and choke cable. The lid is lifted horizontally so as not to damage the floats. Measure the distance from the gasoline level to the carburetor cap in each chamber. If it differs from the norm (25-35 mm), the float is bent in the desired direction.
2. Idle speed adjustment. To do this, the engine is warmed up to operating temperature and turned off. Use a screwdriver to carefully tighten the mixture quality screw until it stops, start the engine and remove the choke. The screw regulates the minimum permissible idle speed, ensuring stable engine operation. The optimal value is 800-900 rpm.

Difficulties in adjusting idle speed lie in the lack of engine response to the rotation of the quality screw. This happens when installing too large jets, their deformation and poorly tightened plugs. The problem is diagnosed by removing the valve while the engine is idling, after which it should stall. If this happens, the problem is in the size of the nozzle, and if not, the fuel flows past it. Then check the locking screw on the second chamber, which ensures smooth rotation of the throttle valve.

New or used?

You can buy a new Solex for a classic, but it is also possible to purchase a used carburetor. In the second case, it is necessary to carry out an inspection - thoroughly clean the channels, polish the diffusers. In addition, it is better to purchase and replace jets.

But at the same time, you should not buy modern products - it is better to ask your friends and acquaintances for those that were made in the USSR. Modern jets found in repair kits often do not correspond to the calibration dimensions.

In order for the diffuser to work effectively, burrs and protrusions are removed from its elements using a file. Such defects create air turbulence, and this does not have the best effect on filling the cylinders.

What you might need

The first step is to purchase spare parts that will be needed during the installation of the Solex on a classic model VAZ:

• You should buy thin paronite gaskets. But they need to be made specifically for Solex. The holes in the gasket for diffusers differ from Webers and Ozones.
• Instead of two gaskets, you can buy one with two holes. It is placed between the carburetor and the getinax gasket. In addition, they take another one - with an oval hole. It is intended for installation between the manifold and the getinaks gasket.
• They also buy a return hose. Its length must be at least 80 centimeters. Otherwise, it will not reach the fuel line under the pump.