Starter for VAZ 2114: finding, removing and troubleshooting

The most powerful electrical consumer is the VAZ 2114 starter on the car. The load on the rotor is very large - the electromotive force has to overcome the resistance caused by compression in the engine. And if the starter is in poor technical condition, there is a short circuit in it, the current consumption increases. And the maximum is approximately 600-800 A (when the rotor is jammed).

Starter device

1. A housing with a winding and four magnets is a stator.
2. The rotating part is the rotor.
3. The transmitter from the moving part to the engine flywheel is Bendix.
4. The operating switch that starts the rotor when the ignition key is turned is a relay.
5. An axis with a pressed core and collector plates is an anchor.

Starter device

The device is a DC motor with a two-winding relay and a power of 1.55 kW.

Main malfunctions and their symptoms

The most common breakdowns that occur in the starter are as follows:

• The electric motor of the device does not rotate. A short circuit has occurred on the stator windings, the rotor has become soured in the support bushings, or the contacts have oxidized;
• The electric motor spins, but at insufficient speed and low power. Either the graphite brushes are worn out or a short circuit has occurred on one of the windings;
• The starter works as it should, but rotation is not transmitted to the crankshaft. Bendix wear or breakdown;
• The starter starts the engine, but does not turn itself off. The retractor relay mechanism has oxidized or the return spring has burst.

Disassembled starter
If you notice one of the above signs on the starter, you should dismantle it and carry out detailed diagnostics in the removed state.

Causes of malfunctions

1. Does not turn: short circuit of the winding, jamming of the armature on the solenoid relay, oxidation of the battery contacts.
2. Insufficient rotation speed of the bendix: break or short circuit of the armature (stator) winding, wear of the brushes.
3. It turns, but does not transmit speed to the flywheel: the bendix is ​​faulty.
4. Operation after the engine speed has increased: the traction relay is stuck, the freewheel spring is broken.

Also, the causes of malfunction include wear of the unit, increased loads, violation of operating conditions and defects. Most often, the bendix, armature commutator and solenoid relay fail. Sometimes there is a loose fit of the brushes.

If one of the brushes has failed or the gearbox shaft has become skewed, this is usually a sign of impending destruction of the entire assembly, and it is easier to replace it entirely than to repair it.

In cold weather, the engine does not start well, the starter works at the limit and may fail. If the device is poorly secured or operates in conditions of constant strong vibrations, this also leads to its destruction. Sometimes a factory defect of the unit occurs - incorrect distribution of the lubricant composition in the housing, which leads to failure of the solenoid relay.

You can clean the shaft and add lubricant. The device is installed at an angle with the bendix down, white spirit is drawn into the syringe, and, turning the bendix as it extends, the white spirit is squeezed out onto the exposed section of the shaft, wiping it with a rag. Lubricant is added to the wedge-shaped teeth along which the bendix slides out.

For complete cleaning, the assembly is disassembled and washed in gasoline. Then they put new lubricant in the places from which the old one was removed, and assemble the device.

If the starter does not turn the flywheel, clean the terminals and start the car again.

Sometimes the problem with frequent bendix failure lies in the flywheel bushing. It is necessary to check the condition of the bushing and, if it is unsatisfactory, replace it with a new one.

Gear starter VAZ 2114

How it works

The device works as follows:

• The battery supplies power to the starter coil;
• The coil acts on the armature due to the influence of the magnetic floor;
• The armature moves and compresses the return spring;
• This causes the bendix to mate with the splines located on the flywheel;
• When the contact elements close, the pull-in winding is deprived of power, and the armature is held inside the system due to the magnetic field;
• After closing the contacts and starting the engine, power stops going to the holder coil, and the armature returns to its place due to the action of the spring. As a result, the bendix disengages.

Choosing a new starter

According to statistics, when answering the question “Which starter is better for a VAZ 2114?”, most car enthusiasts are advised to choose a geared version. It is smaller in size than the standard one, provides a quick start even with a weak battery, and spins the flywheel better in winter. It is easier and faster to install. The engine of such a device weighs less and experiences less mechanical stress.

Of the gearbox options, KZATE (KATEK) has the most positive reviews. Eldix and PRAMO brands are also popular.

The disadvantage of geared devices is that there may be problems with waterproofing, which cause short circuits and anchor breakages.

Starter KZATE

There are machines with the device fastened not with three, but with two bolts. In this case, a starter from ten is suitable, but you need to replace its Bendix with a gearbox from nine.

DESIGN FEATURES AND OPERATING PRINCIPLE

The starter on the VAZ 2114 (5712.3708) has an operation cycle, which can be divided into four main stages:

1. After turning the ignition key, the fourteenth battery in the contact chain begins to supply power to the starter and traction relay;
2. The Bendix gear drive (overrunning clutch) is connected to the flywheel;
3. At the moment the gear drive is connected, power begins to be supplied to the electric motor of the unit;
4. The electric motor begins to spin the drive, the revolutions of which are transmitted to the crankshaft of the car, as a result of which the engine starts. When the engine speed begins to exceed the starter speed, the drive and the crankshaft are disconnected.

Now let's look at the design features of the fourteenth starter. In the diagram below you can see the main elements of the device.

Starter device

• Housing - is made in the form of a cast steel cylinder at the ends, closed with lids, inside which the cores and the exciting winding (stator) are located;
• Solenoid relay - consists of a movable jumper and power contacts. The purpose of the solenoid relay is to close the contacts when the ignition is turned on, as a result of which power begins to be supplied to the electric motor. Upon completion of the operating cycle, the solenoid relay disconnects the power and the device turns off;
• Bendix of the VAZ 2114 starter (aka overrunning clutch) - at the beginning of the operation of the device, the bendix is ​​connected to the crankshaft and transmits the electric drive speed to it through the engagement gear; at the end of the cycle it is disconnected. The serviceability of the entire device depends on the normal functioning of the bendix, since if disconnection does not occur at the moment when the engine speed exceeds the speed of the electric drive, the unit will be damaged;
• Anchor - is a cast axle made of alloy steel, onto which collector plates and a core are pressed;
• Brushes and brush holders are structural elements that are necessary to supply power to the armature. Properly functioning brushes increase the power of the device's electric drive;
• The starter bushing - there are three in total: the rear and front - are pressed into the body, the third is located at the junction of the armature and the bendix. The bushings are responsible for fixing the drive shaft.

The cost of a new device varies between 3.5-5 thousand rubles, depending on the manufacturer. Owners of fourteen speak positively about devices manufactured by Eldix, KATEK and PRAMO. If you buy Bendix separately, it will cost you 300-500 rubles.

Starter replacement

The work does not require a pit or a lift. When you don’t have time to travel to a car service center, you can replace the device yourself.

Sequencing:

1. Open the hood.
2. Remove the terminals from the battery.
3. Remove the air filter pipe.
4. Remove the air filter.
5. Find the starter between the radiator and the manual transmission.
6. Unscrew the three nuts securing the device. To do this, use a key of 13.
7. Remove wiring.
8. Moving to the right and removing from the engine guides, remove the device.
9. After dismantling, the condition of the flywheel shaft (bushing) is usually checked.
10. The mechanism is installed in the reverse order.

Starter Eldix

When installing, apply lubricant to the surface in contact with the flywheel bushing.

Bendix replacement

1. The plug at the point of its attachment to the body is bent with a flat screwdriver.
2. The ring is removed. You may have to knock it down with a hammer.
3. The retaining ring is removed. It is enough to pry it off with a flat screwdriver.
4. The part is pulled out from the body.

If there is no visible damage on the bendix, this does not mean that it is working. If indirect signs of malfunction appear, it must be changed.

Starter PRAMO

The new part is installed in the reverse order.

By installing a VAZ 2114 gear starter, car enthusiasts solve most problems with starting the engine and constantly replacing Bendix and other spare parts.

Starter repair - how to fix it?

The VAZ 2114 starter itself may also fail. In this case, it will need to be completely replaced or thoroughly repaired. First, disconnect the starter relay from the control unit. It is located inside the cabin, on the left side of the steering column. In the photo or marking diagram you will find which fuses need to be turned off. If possible, you can replace them.

The starter solenoid relay is a device whose operating principle is to transfer current from the battery to the starter. This happens under the influence of an electromagnetic valve. You can see what this part looks like in the photo. It is the solenoid relay that prevents the starter winding from burning out. If it were not there, then a constant current would flow from the battery. The solenoid relay on VAZ 2114 models is located on top of the starter; two wires are connected to it, from the ignition and the battery.

These contacts must be well protected from external factors. It is advisable to rewind them with insulating tape, this will protect them from short circuits.

To replace the starter retractor relay, you need a small set of tools, namely several 10 and 8 keys, a flat-head screwdriver and the device itself. The starter relay in the VAZ 2114 is located in such a way that to replace it you do not need to completely remove the entire starter. The starter should be removed only if it is necessary to conduct a full inspection and identify other causes of failure.

The solenoid relay must be removed carefully so that the solenoid core remains inside. Particular attention should be paid to the spring - it is important that it does not remain in the starter, because removing it from there will be very problematic. The new relay kit does not include a core; it is purchased separately, but there is a spring.

When you try to start the car, the starter retractor relay may make clicking sounds - in this case, you need to replace a device such as bendex. Bendex is responsible for turning the starter and engine gears. It is located inside the starter itself. As the starter revs, the device wears out, and from time to time it needs to be completely replaced.

Article number and approximate price for the original VAZ 2114 starter

There are two main types of starters used on VAZ 2114 cars. With a carburetor engine, a unit with the factory index 29.3708 is used. Its cost is from 3600 rubles.

On VAZ 2114 cars that have an injector, a starter 5712.3708 is used. It is distinguished by the presence of a planetary gearbox. The presence of a gear in the design made it possible to increase engine speed. Therefore, planetary starters have gained great popularity compared to those previously discussed. At the same time, carburetor VAZ 2114 car owners, when replacing a starter, give preference to units with a planetary gearbox. The price of a new such product starts from 2200 rubles.

In retail sales, original starters are found with article numbers 2108370801006 and 21130370801000. They are interchangeable, but it is recommended to choose a unit with a planetary gear, regardless of the type of vehicle power unit.

Price issue

Purchasing a new solenoid relay for a VAZ 2114 is not such a big financial loss. Depending on the region and the store where you purchase the spare part, price tags can range from 300-600 rubles.

Often, many VAZ 2114 owners are faced with a situation where the car does not start or starts very poorly. There can be many reasons for this behavior of a car, but the first thing everyone looks for is a problem with the starter. One of the main problems in its operation is the relay.

Catalog number and cost of analogues

Finding a branded VAZ 2114 starter is not always easy. At the same time, the quality of the original components is very poor, which is further complemented by a high level of defects among the products sold. Therefore, experienced car owners recommend purchasing analogues from third-party manufacturers. The best alternative options for the original VAZ 2114 starter are presented in the table below.

Table - Good analogues of the original VAZ 2114 starter

Required Tools

In order to carry out repairs yourself and replace a faulty starter, you need the tools that are listed in the table below. Table - Tools required to replace the front strut

Replacing windings and brushes - we do it ourselves!

If there are no sounds, but the car still does not start, then you need to check the relay winding - it may be burnt out. In this case, in addition to replacing the winding itself, it is necessary to find out the reason for the burnout of the previous one and eliminate it so that the breakdown does not recur. Any experienced electrician can help with this.

Don’t also forget about the brushes in the starter relay, which wear out due to prolonged use and constant load. As a result, the brushes may not adhere tightly to the torque commutator, causing poor contact and the starter not being able to complete the required number of revolutions to start the car's engine. In the VAZ 2114, the starter relay brushes can be replaced by yourself; they do not require additional soldering. You can buy them at any auto store. It is worth noting that the brushes for this starter model are also suitable for other VAZ vehicles.

Hello, dear car enthusiasts! Once again we appeal to owners and admirers of cars from the domestic automobile industry. The Lada of the fourteenth model is equipped with a starter 5712.3708, which is noticeably different from similar VAZ starting devices in its smaller dimensions and weight.

But, despite such a modest size of this device, it is subject to the same requirements as other starters for the start of rotation of the flywheel and the movement of the crank-piston group.

Perhaps, this design feature can be attributed to the disadvantages of this model, because situations when any malfunctions of the VAZ 2114 starter occur, unfortunately, are not uncommon. So, even the most careful driver of the “fourteenth”, at least once every five or six years, has to face a problem when the VAZ 2114 starter does not work, does not turn.

How to remove the VAZ 2114 starter yourself?

If you have to remove the VAZ 2114 starter, be prepared to drive the car into a pit or onto an overpass. For a VAZ2114 car, replacing the starter in this case will not be particularly difficult, since it is convenient to unscrew the fastening bolts and remove the starter itself from the studs only while under the car.

After installing the machine, remove the engine protection. Open the hood, disconnect the “—” battery, remove the block with wires, and the wire that goes to the traction relay. Then unscrew the three mounting bolts and remove the starter.

If you do not have the opportunity to drive the car into a pit, then there is nothing left to do but remove the VAZ 2114 starter in a regular garage. In this case, after you disconnect the “—” of the battery, remove the air intake bellows and the air filter (this will make room for removing the starter through the top of the engine compartment).

Then proceed to disconnect the wires from the solenoid relay and starter and dismantle the starter itself. To carry out work on removing the VAZ 2114 starter, you will need 13, 14, 15 mm keys or a set of starter keys.

What to do if the VAZ 2114 starter does not work - typical reasons?

1. If, when turned on, the starter does not turn, the traction relay does not operate, perhaps the cause should be sought using traditional methods, namely:

• The battery is faulty or discharged. By charging or replacing it, you will fix the problem.
• Severe oxidation of battery terminals and wire tips. After cleaning the leads and tips, lubricate them with Vaseline.
• There is a short circuit between the turns of the relay pull-in winding, a break or a short to ground. In this case, the solenoid relay must be replaced.
• There is a break in the power supply circuit of the solenoid relay. It is necessary to check the integrity of the wires and their connections.
• There is a fault in the contact part of the switch. The contact part must be replaced.
• The retractor relay armature is stuck. Pay attention to the armature stroke (of course, this will require disassembling the starter).

1. If, when turned on, the starter armature does not rotate at all, or moves slowly, and the retractor relay is working:

• The battery is faulty (discharged). Replace it or charge it.
• The battery terminals and wire tips are oxidized, or the wire fastenings are loose. Clean the leads and tighten the fasteners.
• Commutator burning. The collector needs to be cleaned.
• Stuck or worn brushes. Replace brushes.
• A break or short circuit has occurred in the armature winding. Replace anchor.

Pay attention to the surface of the armature shaft. If there is a yellow mark from the gear bushing, be sure to remove it. This mark may be the cause of poor starter performance due to gear sticking.

After diagnosing the condition of the VAZ 2114 starter and troubleshooting, assemble the starter and install it in place in the reverse order of disassembly and removal.

Before assembly, lubricate the drive gear and cover liners with oil, and the gearbox gears with grease or any other grease. After assembling the starter, check its operation on the stand.

Useful tips

1. Before removing the starter, you need to make sure it is faulty. First of all, you need to check the reliability of the terminals on the battery. Oxidized terminals should be cleaned of deposits and re-secured. The reason for the failure may also be poor weight of the engine and the body. You should also check whether the solenoid relay wire has come loose from the connector and whether the positive terminal nut on the starter is tightly tightened;
2. When removing a part, you can disconnect the positive wire of the terminal last. In this version, it is more convenient to unscrew the nut of the positive wire. By pulling the starter closer to you, it will be easier to get to the desired nut;
3. You need to install the solenoid relay wire in place until it stops. The connector must be fixed, and in this case the wire will not fly off during movement due to shaking;
4. Do not forget to first remove the terminals from the battery and turn off the ignition - this will save you from additional problems.

That’s basically all that can be said about how to change the starter on a VAZ 2114.

Causes and effects - why won't the car start?

The reluctance of a car to start is often due to a discharged battery. The problem is especially relevant in the winter, when the outside temperature is below zero. The lack of energy to start can be determined by the sound - if you hear a sharp, unpleasant noise of the starter trying to crank and start the engine, then it’s time to recharge. In this case, it is necessary to partially or fully charge the battery, but if time is pressing, you can “light it” from another car.

It is also worth checking if there is an open circuit in the ignition contact group. Partial disconnection of the contacts occurs when the key is turned in the ignition mechanism of the VAZ 2114, in this case the starter will not even try to turn over. To fix this breakdown, you need to remove the plastic from the steering column and reconnect the ignition contacts. In some cases, it is necessary to tighten these terminals with pliers.

The lack of contact mass on the starter of the VAZ 2114 is also a common problem for this series of cars. Due to the slightly unsuccessful design of the engine frame, the starter is very poorly protected from direct contact with water and therefore rust forms on its contacts. If you encounter this problem, you need to re-clean the contact wire and screw it onto the starter solenoid relay. Before carrying out this procedure, you need to remove the terminals from the battery.