Bolt pattern of rims and wheels on the VAZ-2112: parameters


Select your year 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x

The VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x model was produced from 2001 to 2009. Table of factory and suitable tire sizes VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x.

Make model modification AutoYear of issueWidth, profile, tire radiustype of instalation
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x2009175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x2008175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x2007175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x2006175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x2005175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x2004175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x2003175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x2002175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x2001175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.5i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory

Despite the fact that this information is taken from the websites of auto manufacturers, our catalog is for informational purposes only and does not guarantee full compliance of the proposed sizes with your car.

Source

Manufacturers

The domestic industry produces several types of rubber suitable for LADA 112. Tires that are in good demand today are:

  • Kama - in Russian and European versions.
  • Cordiant.

Many VAZ 2112 owners prefer to put foreign-made tires on their car. The most popular are:

  • Yokohama,
  • Bridgestone
  • Goodyear
  • Nokian Hakka Green,
  • Michelin.

When choosing tires, it is very important to consider the quietness of the rubber. If it makes a loud sound, the ride comfort will be lost.

It must be said that when choosing tires, it is also necessary to take into account what roads the VAZ will drive on, driving style and travel distance.

Select your year 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x

The VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x model was produced from 2004 to 2009. Table of factory and suitable tire sizes VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x.

Make model modification AutoYear of issueWidth, profile, tire radiustype of instalation
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x2009175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x2008175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x2007175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x2006175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x2005175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x2004175/65 R14Factory
VAZ 2112 1.6i 16V 2112x185/60 R14Factory

Despite the fact that this information is taken from the websites of auto manufacturers, our catalog is for informational purposes only and does not guarantee full compliance of the proposed sizes with your car.

Source

Tips for selecting stamped products

On a note. Wheel rims that are made using a method such as stamping can easily be called the most common for cars. Frequent installation of just such wheels is associated with the simplicity and low cost of manufacturing products of this type.


VAZ 2112 on stamped rims with plastic caps

Forged wheels are not attractive in terms of design and have poor performance, but are inexpensive.

As for installation requirements, in this case they are identical to cast products. It is necessary to ensure that the parameters and dimensions of the fasteners and overhang match.

Wheels for VAZ 2112

Correct replacement of wheels - and as many of you will ask, because most people don’t even know that you need to change a wheel somehow correctly, that is, just take the wheel, then unscrew all the bolts that secure it and install a new one, but in fact In fact, everything is not so simple, firstly, in order to lift and unscrew all the bolts, you must first rip them off, provided that the car is standing on the ground, because if you lift it and with the wheel hanging out you begin to rip off the bolts, applying great force to this, that is the likelihood that the car will fall off the jack and damage you, this is the kind of advice we will give you in this article, so read everything carefully and, as they say, delve into it.

Size

Lada 2112 or in common parlance Dvenashka was equipped from the factory with 13 and 14-inch wheels. Stamped and light alloy.

Factory tire sizes - 175/70 R13 and 175/65 R14

Wheel parameters: bolt pattern - 4X98, width - 5.0 and 5.5 J, offset - ET40-37, centering hole - CO 58.5

As a tuning option, you can install tires measuring 195/50 R15 and 205/45 R16 on wheels of larger diameter - R15 and R16.

Which brake pads are best? see the link.

Radius

VAZ 2112 always has 14-inch wheels. 13 won't work for her. There is a brake disc with a diameter of 14 inches. Because all 2112 are 16 valve. And only 14-inch wheels come with 16 valves.

Replacement

If a wheel is damaged, you must stop immediately in a safe place. Stopping your vehicle to change a tire on a busy road or on the side of a busy road can be dangerous. If a wheel is damaged, turn on the hazard warning lights and move slowly and carefully along the side of the road or along the far right lane until the nearest exit to a suitable area sufficiently distant from the roadway.

1. Place the car on a flat horizontal platform with a hard, non-slip surface at a sufficient distance from the roadway. Move the gear shift lever to reverse position. Apply the parking brake. If you are towing a trailer, it should be disconnected.

2. Ask passengers to get out of the car and move away from the roadway.

3. Place a jack under the car in a specially designated place next to the damaged wheel. If the car is parked on soft ground, place a wide and fairly solid support (for example, a board) under the lower support of the jack.

Note The jack must be installed only in specially designated points on the body (indicated in the figure), otherwise the body may be deformed or the vehicle may not be secured securely.

WARNING Make sure the jack is stable, otherwise the vehicle may fall off and cause personal injury. It is strictly forbidden to stand under a vehicle that is raised by a jack alone or to place your hands or feet under it.

4. Under the wheel located diagonally from the damaged one, it is necessary to place wheel chocks on both sides or, if there are no chocks, stones large enough to prevent the vehicle from moving.

5. Using a wheel wrench, loosen the wheel bolts by half a turn.

6. Using a jack, raise the car to a height sufficient to remove the wheel, and completely unscrew the wheel bolts, then remove the damaged wheel from the car. Please note that wheel bolts can be heated to high temperatures. Temporarily place the removed wheel on a platform near the car with the outer side facing up.

7. Before installing the spare wheel, thoroughly clean the adjacent surfaces of the wheel disk and hub from dirt using a clean rag.

WARNING Use caution.

As a result of braking, the parts being wiped could heat up to a high temperature.

8. Install the spare tire. Tighten the wheel bolts by hand. Then tighten the bolts using a wheel wrench. Tighten the bolts in several approaches in a crisscross pattern. The wheel should be pressed tightly and evenly against the hub flange. Do not fully tighten the wheel bolts on a suspended wheel.

9. Lower the car and remove the jack.

10. Fully tighten the wheel bolts in a cross pattern. It is not recommended to tighten the wheel bolts by pressing the key handle with your foot, as this may cause the key to break off and damage the wheel rim or cause injury.

11. Place the damaged wheel, tools and jack in the trunk.

Note It is recommended to check the tire pressure of the installed wheel at the first opportunity and, if necessary, adjust it.

Source

VAZ 2112 2112x 2008 1.5i 16V

Generation: 2112x Engine: I4, Gasoline Power: 94 hp (69 kW)

Wheel bolt pattern parameters

PCD (number of holes x circle diameter)4×98 mm
Center Hole Diameter (DIA)58.6 mm
FastenersM12 x 1.25
Type of fastenerBolt
TiresDiscsPCDDiaPressure
175/65 R14 82H Factory kit5Jx14ET354×9858.62
185/60 R14 82H Factory kit5Jx14ET354×9858.62
175/65 R14 82H Tuning5.5Jx14ET354×9858.62
185/60 R14 82H Tuning5.5Jx14ET354×9858.62
175/65 R14 82H Tuning6Jx14 ET354×9858.62
185/60 R14 82H Tuning6Jx14 ET354×9858.62
What wheel sizes does the manufacturer recommend to install?

The VAZ 2112 2112x 2008 1.5i 16V car is equipped as standard with 5Jx14 ET35 wheel rims assembled with 175/65 R14 82H tires. Where:

  • 5J - rim width in inches;
  • 14″ — tire diameter in inches;
  • ET35 - disc offset in millimeters.

The vehicle tire marking 175/65 R14 is deciphered as follows:

  • 175 — profile width (cross section of the tire) in millimeters;
  • 65 — profile height as a percentage of its width;
  • R - radial cord winding;
  • 14 is the tire diameter in inches.

In addition, information about its load capacity and speed parameters can be printed on the rubber - load index and speed index. The load index is a two- or three-digit number; the speed index is indicated in Latin letters, for example 82H:

  • 82 - maximum permissible tire load 475 kg;
  • H — maximum permissible vehicle speed is 210 km/h.

Using the recommended tire sizes will help you avoid problems with handling, safety and other difficulties. What non-standard sizes can be supplied? Refer to the table; it indicates possible acceptable alternative sizes for tuning. Although there are other options that we have not described in the table. For example, wider discs of the same diameter. Or install wheels of the same width, but with a larger diameter, which is quite popular among car owners. The choice of discs is huge; you can find copies with the same parameters, but with an overhang 1-2 millimeters more or less. It is not possible to list all the options.

At the same time, the bolt pattern for all types of wheels is the same - 4x98. Thus, all disks are mounted on four bolts and the distance between them is exactly ninety-eight millimeters. The diameter of the car's hub is 58.6 mm.

Standard tire pressure is 2 MPa.

What non-standard sizes can be supplied?

Installing wheels with a diameter or width larger than the standard size may cause a malfunction. Before purchasing, you must ensure that the installation is safe. A good solution is a preliminary “trying on”. You should install the wheels before purchasing. It is especially important to check the front tires: they should not touch the fender liners or the car body.

Often, too high a tread height leads to contact with the fender liners. This can have serious consequences:

  • damage to the plastic of the wheel arches;
  • mudguards become damaged and cease to perform their function;
  • Cavities and rust appear at the points of contact between the tread and the paintwork.

The latter is especially dangerous. Since unprotected metal rots quickly, literally within 1 winter. AvtoVAZ cars have never been famous for their high-quality anti-corrosion treatment. Also, increasing the weight of the wheel by literally a few kilograms will lead to accelerated wear:

  • wheel bearings;
  • shock absorber struts and other suspension elements.

The manufacturer allows the installation of the following non-standard tire diameters on VAZ 2110 vehicles and modifications:

  • R15;
  • R16;
  • R17.

The diameter of R14 is typical and relatively small. It is allowed to use tires with a tread width of up to 185 mm and a height of up to 75-80. Tires with a diameter of 15 inches are also usually installed on this car without any problems. R16 is a tire that requires some driving skill. Since this diameter is not standard, the machine is not designed for this weight and size.

R17 and R18 can only be installed after some modification using a special roller - the wheel arches simply “roll out”. This will avoid contact between tires and body parts. Also, constant friction of the tread on the fender liners will cause the pattern to quickly wear off and lead to deterioration of the wheel’s grip on the road.

This is interesting: What is the wheel bolt pattern on the VAZ 21099

VAZ 2112 2112x 2008 1.6i

Generation: 2112x Engine: I4, Gasoline Power: 82 hp (60 kW)

Wheel bolt pattern parameters

PCD (number of holes x circle diameter)4×98 mm
Center Hole Diameter (DIA)58.6 mm
FastenersM12 x 1.25
Type of fastenerBolt
TiresDiscsPCDDiaPressure
175/70 R13 82T Factory kit5Jx13 ET354×9858.61.9
175/70 R13 82T Tuning5.5Jx13 ET354×9858.61.9
175/65 R14 82T Tuning5Jx14ET354×9858.62
175/65 R14 82T Tuning5.5Jx14ET354×9858.62
185/60 R14 82T Tuning5.5Jx14ET354×9858.62
175/65 R14 82H Tuning6Jx14 ET354×9858.62
185/60 R14 82H Tuning6Jx14 ET354×9858.62
What wheel sizes does the manufacturer recommend to install?

The VAZ 2112 2112x 2008 1.6i is equipped with 5Jx13 ET35 rims assembled with 175/70 R13 82T tires as standard. Where:

  • 5J - rim width in inches;
  • 13″ — tire diameter in inches;
  • ET35 - disc offset in millimeters.

The vehicle tire marking 175/70 R13 is deciphered as follows:

  • 175 — profile width (cross section of the tire) in millimeters;
  • 70 - profile height as a percentage of its width;
  • R - radial cord winding;
  • 13 - tire diameter in inches.

In addition, information about its load capacity and speed parameters can be printed on the rubber - load index and speed index. The load index is a two- or three-digit number; the speed index is indicated in Latin letters, for example 82T:

  • 82 - maximum permissible tire load 475 kg;
  • T — maximum permissible vehicle speed is 190 km/h.

Using the recommended tire sizes will help you avoid problems with handling, safety and other difficulties. What non-standard sizes can be supplied? Refer to the table; it indicates possible acceptable alternative sizes for tuning. Although there are other options that we have not described in the table. For example, wider discs of the same diameter. Or install wheels of the same width, but with a larger diameter, which is quite popular among car owners. The choice of discs is huge; you can find copies with the same parameters, but with an overhang 1-2 millimeters more or less. It is not possible to list all the options.

At the same time, the bolt pattern for all types of wheels is the same - 4x98. Thus, all disks are mounted on four bolts and the distance between them is exactly ninety-eight millimeters. The diameter of the car's hub is 58.6 mm.

Standard tire pressure is 1.9 MPa.

Types of rims

Today Russian disks have become very popular:

  • KiK,
  • Scud.

Car enthusiasts give a very high rating to the products of the Verkhnaya Salda metallurgical plant, which produces forged models called LS FlowForming.

Light alloy cast products made in Germany are also in great demand:

  • A.E.Z.
  • Dezent,
  • Dotz.

The samples listed above have long been considered classics among car rims.

The Italians delight with their beautiful appearance and attractive design. The most striking of their products are:

  • OZ Racing,
  • Alessio.

In recent years, Korean products, manufactured in Taiwan, Indonesia, and South Korea, have begun to appear on the domestic market.

It must be said that all these rims differ from their analogues in very high quality. The fact is that for production at factories the latest technology developed by the world's leading manufacturers is used.

Engineers from Japan, Italy and Germany have been developing such a technological process for many years. Therefore, all the nuances and subtleties of production were taken into account. The innovative technology they created enabled Korean specialists to produce only the highest quality products.

When choosing, there are two more points to consider:

  1. Front-wheel drive VAZ 2112 cars can be equipped with 5.5x14.6x14 wheels.
  2. If a low-profile tire is installed, you can use 6x15, 6.5x15.

However, I would like to warn you that the manufacturer does not allow the installation of r15. Complications may arise during the technical inspection. Tires of this size do not fit all wheels.

VAZ 2112 2112x 2008 1.6i 16V

Generation: 2112x Engine: I4, Gasoline Power: 90 hp (66 kW)

Wheel bolt pattern parameters

PCD (number of holes x circle diameter)4×98 mm
Center Hole Diameter (DIA)58.6 mm
FastenersM12 x 1.25
Type of fastenerBolt
TiresDiscsPCDDiaPressure
175/65 R14 82H Factory kit5Jx14ET354×9858.62
185/60 R14 82H Factory kit5Jx14ET354×9858.62
175/65 R14 82H Tuning5.5Jx14ET354×9858.62
185/60 R14 82H Tuning5.5Jx14ET354×9858.62
175/65 R14 82H Tuning6Jx14 ET354×9858.62
185/60 R14 82H Tuning6Jx14 ET354×9858.62
What wheel sizes does the manufacturer recommend to install?

The VAZ 2112 2112x 2008 1.6i 16V car is equipped with 5Jx14 ET35 rims assembled with 175/65 R14 82H tires as standard. Where:

  • 5J - rim width in inches;
  • 14″ — tire diameter in inches;
  • ET35 - disc offset in millimeters.

The vehicle tire marking 175/65 R14 is deciphered as follows:

  • 175 — profile width (cross section of the tire) in millimeters;
  • 65 — profile height as a percentage of its width;
  • R - radial cord winding;
  • 14 is the tire diameter in inches.

In addition, information about its load capacity and speed parameters can be printed on the rubber - load index and speed index. The load index is a two- or three-digit number; the speed index is indicated in Latin letters, for example 82H:

  • 82 - maximum permissible tire load 475 kg;
  • H — maximum permissible vehicle speed is 210 km/h.

Using the recommended tire sizes will help you avoid problems with handling, safety and other difficulties. What non-standard sizes can be supplied? Refer to the table; it indicates possible acceptable alternative sizes for tuning. Although there are other options that we have not described in the table. For example, wider discs of the same diameter. Or install wheels of the same width, but with a larger diameter, which is quite popular among car owners. The choice of discs is huge; you can find copies with the same parameters, but with an overhang 1-2 millimeters more or less. It is not possible to list all the options.

At the same time, the bolt pattern for all types of wheels is the same - 4x98. Thus, all disks are mounted on four bolts and the distance between them is exactly ninety-eight millimeters. The diameter of the car's hub is 58.6 mm.

Standard tire pressure is 2 MPa.

Wheels for cars

A model such as the VAZ 2112 has long been firmly entrenched in the country’s market as legendary. During production, a huge number of vehicles were produced. The popularity is due to the low price and ease of maintenance of the machine. It was produced in sedan, station wagon, hatchback and coupe bodies.


VAZ 2112 car black, on white rims

Regardless of the body type, the same wheels were installed on 2112 from AvtoVAZ. The cars had absolutely identical parameters and characteristics. High popularity and widespread distribution have created a huge number of offers for the sale of spare parts, wheels and tires.

Many car enthusiasts prefer to install wheels that exceed the factory dimensions; in this case, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the wheel arches. It is necessary that the wheel does not touch the arch structure while driving.

In the factory configuration, in addition to stamped options, there are also some versions with cast products. However, every car owner comes to a time when it is necessary to change wheels. This happens due to excessive wear and tear, multiple damages, changing seasons and many other reasons.

When such a need arises, there is plenty to choose from on the country’s market. Both original stamped or light alloy wheels and products from various other brands are presented.


Forged wheels for VAZ 2112

Over all the years that the car was produced, there were no changes in the parameters and characteristics of the wheel mounts. This means that you can easily install them from earlier or other models to the latest ones and vice versa. Some Russian wheel manufacturers produce a special line of products for the VAZ 2112. This guarantees a perfect match of all sizes.

The most popular is the installation of 15 rims on 2112. This is the most convenient solution, since this size meets all the manufacturer’s requirements and does not affect the smoothness and comfort of the ride.

Its standard parameter is 4x98. This means that to install the wheels, four bolts are required, which are fastened at an axial distance of 98 millimeters. It is a very popular mounting method among machines of any manufacturer. In this regard, car owners usually do not have difficulties with the selection of wheel rims.

If there is a need to replace wheel rims, then many different parameters and characteristics should be taken into account. The main dimensions include the width and height of the rim, offset and drilling. Taking them into account, you can buy products regardless of the method of their production.

VAZ 2112 2112x 2008 1.8i

Generation: 2112x Engine: I4, Gasoline Power: 98 hp (72 kW)

Wheel bolt pattern parameters

PCD (number of holes x circle diameter)4×98 mm
Center Hole Diameter (DIA)58.6 mm
FastenersM12 x 1.25
Type of fastenerBolt
TiresDiscsPCDDiaPressure
175/65 R14 82H Factory kit5Jx14ET354×9858.62
185/60 R14 82H Factory kit5Jx14ET354×9858.62
175/65 R14 82H Tuning5.5Jx14ET354×9858.62
185/60 R14 82H Tuning5.5Jx14ET354×9858.62
175/65 R14 82H Tuning6Jx14 ET354×9858.62
185/60 R14 82H Tuning6Jx14 ET354×9858.62
What wheel sizes does the manufacturer recommend to install?

The VAZ 2112 2112x 2008 1.8i is equipped with 5Jx14 ET35 rims assembled with 175/65 R14 82H tires as standard. Where:

  • 5J - rim width in inches;
  • 14″ — tire diameter in inches;
  • ET35 - disc offset in millimeters.

The vehicle tire marking 175/65 R14 is deciphered as follows:

  • 175 — profile width (cross section of the tire) in millimeters;
  • 65 — profile height as a percentage of its width;
  • R - radial cord winding;
  • 14 is the tire diameter in inches.

In addition, information about its load capacity and speed parameters can be printed on the rubber - load index and speed index. The load index is a two- or three-digit number; the speed index is indicated in Latin letters, for example 82H:

  • 82 - maximum permissible tire load 475 kg;
  • H — maximum permissible vehicle speed is 210 km/h.

Using the recommended tire sizes will help you avoid problems with handling, safety and other difficulties. What non-standard sizes can be supplied? Refer to the table; it indicates possible acceptable alternative sizes for tuning. Although there are other options that we have not described in the table. For example, wider discs of the same diameter. Or install wheels of the same width, but with a larger diameter, which is quite popular among car owners. The choice of discs is huge; you can find copies with the same parameters, but with an overhang 1-2 millimeters more or less. It is not possible to list all the options.

At the same time, the bolt pattern for all types of wheels is the same - 4x98. Thus, all disks are mounted on four bolts and the distance between them is exactly ninety-eight millimeters. The diameter of the car's hub is 58.6 mm.

Standard tire pressure is 2 MPa.

What is a bolt pattern?

4 holes for bolts is 4.

  • The first number “4” indicated in the parameters indicates the number of holes located on the hub, intended for screwing wheel bolts into them.
  • The second number “98” indicates the diameter in millimeters of the circle in which those same mounting bolts are located.

Thus, it is not at all difficult to calculate that the bolts are located at a distance of 69.3 mm from each other.

General background information

Ranges of possible values ​​for tires and wheels VAZ 2112 2008.

Tires

Diameter13″–14″
Width (mm)175–185
Profile (%)60–70
The smallest size175/70 R13
The biggest size185/60 R14

Wheel disks

Diameter13″–14″
Width (inches)5–6
Reach (mm)35–35
Drills4×98
Expert advice

When choosing tires for a car, you must first follow the manufacturer's instructions. Ask yourself a few questions.

  • On what roads will the car be primarily used?
  • Do you need increased cross-country ability?
  • How much of the route will be city roads and how much will be highways?
  • Will the vehicle carry heavy loads?

The answers to these and similar questions will help determine which tire parameters you need to pay special attention to.

How to choose the right wheels for a VAZ 2112 2008?
  • Stamped (economical price category) - made from a sheet of iron by stamping on a press.
  • Light alloy - manufactured by casting (more reliable than stamped ones).
  • Forged (the highest quality and more expensive than the previous ones) - made from light alloys by stamping at high temperatures.

The choice depends on financial capabilities. However, it should be borne in mind that the quality of the road surface on which you have to drive every day must also be taken into account.

So, if it gets into a hole, a stamped disk will bend and will not cause harm to the tire, but a forged or cast one can cut it. There is a possibility that the cast disc may burst or crack.

It should also be noted that repairing “stamping” wheels is cheaper than repairing cast or forged wheels. But wheels with high-quality cast and forged disks kill the suspension less, because lighter and have more perfect geometry (better balanced).

The same wheels may or may not rub with tires on the same car - wheel alignment adjustment will help here.

Review of the best summer and winter tires

It is better to acquire separate sets of summer and winter tires in advance. Pirelli Cinturato P1 Verde tires are ideal for the warm season. Their cost is relatively high (from 3,500 rubles per 1 tire). However, they perform excellently on wet asphalt and are highly resistant to wear.

  • Continental Conti Premium Contact 5 is well balanced. There are a large number of special drainage channels - they make it easy to drain water from the contact patch. This kit will cost slightly less than the one discussed above.
  • Goodyear EfficientGrip Performance provides good grip and low fuel consumption. However, the tread thins out quite quickly - especially during intense driving. The rubber is soft and handles well. Despite its softness, it is difficult to damage it redder.
  • Dunlop Sport BluResponse is relatively cheap compared to all the options discussed above. However, it has its weaknesses. For example, on wet asphalt the wheels slip a lot and handling deteriorates.
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