DMVR is a mass air flow sensor, or as it is popularly called, a flow meter. It is designed to regulate the flow of air through the throttle body to create the fuel mixture. If this sensor fails, more or less air may enter the cylinders, which will affect fuel consumption. The cleanliness of the throttle also affects the flow rate.
The video shows the symptoms of a faulty mass air flow sensor on a VAZ. A non-working mass air flow sensor was specially installed:
What is a DMRV?
This device is very necessary in order to determine the volume of air that fills the combustion chambers when the engine is running. The sensor is usually installed after the air filter in the power system.
When driving, the automobile power unit is supplied with 1 volume of fuel, as well as 14 equal parts of air. This prepares the correct fuel-air mixture. This is the key to proper operation of the motor in the most optimal modes for it. For any violation of this ratio, the car owner will observe either increased fuel consumption, or a decrease in the power of the power unit, or both. If you know the signs of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor, it is easy to identify a breakdown of the device.
The mass air flow sensor is necessary in order to accurately measure the required amount of air. This amount is calculated in the sensor itself and then sent to the ECU, where, based on these data, the required amount of fuel will be calculated.
The more the driver presses the accelerator pedal, the more air enters the combustion chambers. The sensor records the amount and sends a special command to the ECU to increase the volume of injected fuel. If the car is to run or drive more smoothly, then a small amount of air will be needed. This is why you need a mass air flow sensor. It measures the required volumes of air for engine operation with maximum accuracy.
Measuring the volume of air means determining the load that will be applied to the motor. When you press the accelerator pedal, the throttle valve opens and the volume of air received increases.
Sensor device
The sensor itself is a combination of two sensors - control and working, as well as a heating resistor.
View of the flow meter from the grid side.
The sensor is disassembled.
The platinum thread is visible in this photo.
As a result, air flow and temperature are converted into electrical impulses understandable to the ECU. This is a very gentle and accurate device; it allows you to calculate the cyclic filling of the cylinders with air and updates the parameters every 0.1 s.
Mass air flow sensor diagram.
The working body of the sensor is a heated platinum thread. It heats up to operating temperature (from 100 to 1000 degrees), and when air enters, it cools down. The amount by which the filament temperature drops is converted into an electrical signal and, based on this value, the ECU calculates the mass and temperature of the air entering the combustion chamber. And based on this data, it prepares the required portion of fuel. In short - yes.
Replacement and installation instructions
After dismantling the old non-working sensor, before purchasing, you can ask a friend for a temporary air flow sensor from his car, and then check it in your 2110. If with another sensor the engine works without interruptions, the consumption does not increase, then it’s time to replace your flow meter. This is the simplest diagnosis that can be carried out when the first signs of a malfunction appear.
We have studied the malfunctions and symptoms, what a mass air flow sensor is is now clear. If we succeed in checking, and we know that the flow meter is faulty, all that remains is to replace it. To do this, you need to prepare a replacement unit (you can buy a non-standard model) and a screwdriver. Visual inspection implies analysis, but let’s repeat it again:
- You need to turn off the engine and remove the key from the ignition.
Installing a new element is done in exactly the same way.
The mass air flow sensor (MAF or flow meter) is an important part of the car, the proper operation of which determines the engine power and its fuel consumption. You can find it under the hood of the car, where it is located between the air filter and the air pipe directed to the throttle valve. The task of the mass air flow sensor is to measure the amount of air passing into the cylinders and transmit this information to the electronic control unit, that is, the “brains” of the machine. Based on the data from the mass air flow sensor, the control unit decides whether to increase or decrease the air supply to the combustible mixture.
If a mass air flow sensor fails, it is almost never repaired, but simply replaced with a new one. Its design is quite simple, and it consists of a housing in which a device for measuring air flow is placed - a hot-wire anemometer. It is enough to damage the diagnostic device during the process of dismantling the mass air flow sensor or cleaning it, and the entire sensor will need to be replaced. It can also fail after a long service life, but you can verify its malfunction only after checking.
Principle of operation
The piston stroke occurs when fuel is burned with air in a ratio of 1:14, maintaining which ensures optimal operation of the power plant. When the proportion decreases or increases, the engine does not stop working, but there is excessive fuel consumption or a decrease in engine operating power. We need a mass air flow sensor so that air flows in portions. The operation of the unit proceeds as follows: the VAZ 2110 air flow sensor calculates the portion of fresh air, and then sends the data to the main computer, which, based on this information, calculates the portion of fuel.
The harder you push the gas, the more filtered air the powerplant requires. The mass flow sensor detects the increase and commands the electronics to increase the amount of fuel. When moving at the same speed, each portion should be equal to the previous one. The mass air flow sensor receives data on the load of the power unit, and then calculates the required portion of air. When the driver presses the pedal, the throttle valve opens, thereby increasing the volume of intake air - the load increases. When the pedal is released, the load drops.
Damaged sensor due to dust
Basic faults
The mass air flow sensor rarely fails and requires repair, but it is important to know what the signs of its malfunction are:
- Fuel consumption increases. This can be determined by the on-board computer. If the flow meter malfunctions, fuel consumption increases by a liter or more.
- The car's power decreases.
- Uneven operation of the power unit. The car either accelerates slowly or picks up speed too quickly.
- The engine does not start or does not start the first time.
- Idle speed is floating.
The listed signs do not necessarily indicate a breakdown of the flow meter; the reasons may be the malfunction of other devices, which will require their repair. Therefore, it is necessary to check the serviceability of the flow meter.
What are the malfunctions of the mass air flow sensor in the VAZ-2110
The MAF indicators determine the correct mixture formation of the air-fuel mass in the VAZ-2110. Malfunctions and inaccuracies in the coordinated operation of all components of a single sensor system provoke problems in the operation of the device, and it may also be impossible to start the engine in the car.
Types of mass air flow sensors
We will consider a sensor that makes it possible to determine the volume of incoming air using the example of the VAZ 2110. In the VAZ-2110, as in other cars, the device is located inside the air pipe, near the filter, and is responsible for recording the air flow coming out of the filter.
Mass air flow sensors are constantly being improved; today there are several meters that calculate consumed air:
- The main component is a pitot tube. The plate fixed in the sensor changes position under the influence of air flow. The inclination angle of the plate is measured by a potentiometer, which in turn changes the resistance. This serves as a signal for the control unit to determine the volume of incoming air.
- The mass production of modern mass air flow sensor devices requires the presence of hot-wire measuring mechanisms in the sensors. The heat exchanger contains 2 thin plates made of platinum. After energy is supplied to the plates to warm them up, one of them remains working, and the second - control. The MAF sensor in this design makes it possible to ensure a constant, identical temperature touching the 2 plates.
- The working elements of the film meter are silicon wafers coated with platinum.
Spare part selection
There are sensors on the market in three price categories:
- Inexpensive. Typically these are Chinese-made sensors priced up to 1,200 rubles.
- Average. This category includes sensors from AvtoVAZ and foreign analogues of approximately the same quality. Their price ranges from 1400 to 2600 rudders.
- Expensive. High-quality and reliable mass air flow sensors from manufacturers Bosch or Siemens. Their price can reach 5,000 rubles.
We recommend giving preference to original sensors from AvtoVAZ or foreign analogues in this price category.
Verification methods
There are several ways to check the mass air flow sensor with your own hands.
Shutdown
One way to check the flow meter is to turn it off. To do this, you need to remove the connector that connects the mass air flow sensor to the VAZ 2110 system.
Disconnecting the connector from the device
In this case, emergency mode is activated, the amount of air required is calculated based on the throttle position. If the car moves more dynamically with the sensor disabled, it needs to be replaced or repaired; perhaps cleaning will help.
Checking with a multimeter
To check, you need a multimeter and knowledge of repairs and how to handle the tester. The measuring device must be set to constant pressure measurement mode, designated by the letter V or DCV.
Multimeter for testing
To understand the operation of the mass air flow sensor, you need to know its pinout:
- a pink or red-black wire leads to the central unit;
- green wire – grounding;
- The white-gray wire is intended for voltage output;
- The yellow wire is used to supply current to the signal input.
Symptoms of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor on a VAZ-2110
Now about the symptoms of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor. You need to understand that you can definitely blame the mass air flow sensor only after accurate computer diagnostics of the engine management system. Even the on-board computer can easily make mistakes. However, we will try to identify the breakdown without involving specialists.
Symptoms of a sensor malfunction may coincide with symptoms of other malfunctions :
- Increased or floating idle speed.
- It is impossible to adjust the CO level at idle.
- The engine stalls immediately after starting, the speed is maintained only when the throttle is open.
- Increased fuel consumption.
- The Check Engine light comes on.
- Dips when changing speed, loss of power and dynamics.
The symptoms, as we see, are standard for any malfunction of the power and ignition systems. This means that a more detailed check and verification of the parameters with the nominal ones is necessary.
Check: parameters and compatibility
Sensor for Bosch M 7.9.7 controller – number 0 280 212 116 according to the VAZ catalog.
The difficulty in calculating the parameters and ratings of the sensor lies in the fact that different devices with different ratings were installed at VAZ at different times and on different engines . These ratings were programmed into the electronic control unit and if we install a sensor of a different type (although visually it may be exactly the same), the control system will no longer work correctly. Dozens were equipped with sensors from GM, Bosch, Siemens , and a domestic sensor from Arzamas or Saratov .
The calibration for each of them is different. Only after 2004 did VAZ decide on the type of sensor and its ratings - this is a Bosch device of the HFM5 type in three modifications:
- the first was the mass air flow sensor HFM5-4.7 , according to the Bosch catalog its number is 0 280 212 004, and according to the VAZ catalog it is 21083-1130010-01;
- HFM5-4.7 with article number 0 280 212 037 (21083-1130010-10 according to the VAZ catalogue);
- HFM5-CL , catalog number 0 280 212 116 or 21083-1130003-20 according to the VAZ book.
Peculiarities
We conclude that the sensor is selected not by the number of valves or engine size, but solely by the firmware version and ECU model.
Bosch sensor (21083-1130010-01) for controller January version 5.1.
For example, for the Bosch M7.9.7 ECU it is necessary to use the Bosch mass air flow sensor 0 280 212 116, and for the January controller version 5.1 - only Bosch 21083-1130010-01. That is, even if a sensor is installed from the factory that does not correspond to the ECU firmware, you cannot expect correct engine operation and normal fuel consumption. By the way, there are often cases when sensors were installed from the factory that do not correspond to the firmware version. Therefore, the first check is for compatibility. And then we take a multimeter and go into battle.
Types of mass air flow sensors, their design features and operating principle
Three types of VU meters are most widespread:
- Wire or thread.
- Film.
- Volumetric.
In the first two, the operating principle is based on obtaining information about the mass of the air flow by measuring its temperature. The latter may involve two accounting options:
- By changing the position of the slider, driven by a special blade, which is affected by the air flow passing through the device. Considering the presence of rubbing mechanisms, the level of reliability of such structures is quite low. This was the main reason for the refusal of car manufacturers from sensors of this type. For reference, here is a simplified example of the design of a volumetric flow meter.
Volumetric air flow sensor device - By counting Karman vortices. They are formed if a laminar air flow washes over an obstacle whose edges are quite sharp. The frequency of the vortices breaking off from them is directly related to the speed of air flow passing through the device.
Vortex sensor design (widely used by Mitsubishi Motors)
Designations:
- A – pressure measurement sensor to record the passage of the vortex. That is, the frequency of pressure and vortex formation will be the same, which makes it possible to measure the flow of the air mixture. At the output, using an ADC, the analog signal is converted to digital and transmitted to the ECU.
- B - special tubes that form an air flow similar in properties to laminar.
- C – bypass air ducts.
- D – column with sharp edges on which Karman vortices are formed.
- E – holes used to measure pressure.
- F – direction of air flow.
Wire sensors
Until recently, thread mass air flow sensor was the most common type of sensor installed on domestic cars of the GAZ and VAZ model range. An example of a wire flow meter design is shown below.
Design of volumetric meter IVKSH 407282.000
Designations:
- A – Electronic board.
- B – Connector for connecting the mass air flow sensor to the computer.
- C – CO adjustment.
- D – Flow meter housing.
- E – Ring.
- F – Platinum wire.
- G – Resistor for temperature compensation.
- N – Ring holder.
- I – Electronic board casing.
Operating principle and example of a functional diagram of a filament VU meter.
Having understood the design of the device, let's move on to the principle of its operation, it is based on the hot-wire method, in which a thermistor (RT), heated by the current passing through it, is placed in the air flow. Under its influence, the heat transfer changes, and, accordingly, the resistance RT, which makes it possible to calculate the volumetric flow rate of the air mixture? using King's equation:
where I is the current passing through RT and heating it to temperature T1. In this case, T2 is the ambient temperature, and K1 and K2 are constant coefficients.
Based on the above formula, you can derive the volumetric air flow rate:
An example of a functional diagram with bridge connection of thermoelements is shown below.
Typical functional diagram of a wire mass air flow sensor
Designations:
- Q - measured air flow.
- U – signal amplifier.
- RT - thermal resistance wire, usually made of platinum or tungsten filament, the thickness of which is in the range of 5.0-20.0 microns.
- RR – temperature compensator.
- R1-R3 are ordinary resistances.
When the flow velocity is close to zero, the RT is heated to a certain temperature by the current passing through it, which allows the bridge to be kept in equilibrium. As soon as the flow of the air mixture increases, the thermistor begins to cool, which leads to a change in its internal resistance, and, as a result, an imbalance in the bridge circuit. As a result of this process, a current is generated at the output of the amplifier unit, which partially passes through the temperature compensator, which leads to the release of heat and makes it possible to compensate for its loss from the flow of the air mixture and restores the balance of the bridge.
The described process allows you to calculate the flow rate of the air mixture based on the amount of current passing through the bridge. In order for the signal to be perceived by the ECU, it is converted into a digital or analog format. The first allows you to determine the flow rate by the frequency of the output voltage, the second - by its level.
This implementation has a significant drawback - a high temperature error, so many manufacturers add a thermistor similar to the main one to the design, but do not expose it to air flow.
During operation, dust or dirt deposits may accumulate on the wire thermistor; to prevent this, this element is subjected to short-term high-temperature heating. It is performed after the internal combustion engine is turned off.
Prevention and testing of mass air flow sensor on VAZ 2110
As a preventive measure, we can recommend timely replacement of the air filter. The use of sports zeros shortens the life of the flow meter. In any case, regular cleaning of the air flow sensor will not hurt.
- We disconnect the sensor connector, having first removed the ground from the battery.
- Carefully unscrew the flow meter housing from the intake manifold flange.
- If dust deposits are detected, blow out the cavities with compressed air.
- Of course, you also need to clean the air duct and air filter box at the same time.
Tip: It is recommended to repeat this operation every time you replace the air filter.
If the contamination is severe (with oil and moisture), you can use a special cleaner for flow meters or carburetors; the manufacturer does not matter. To do this, it is necessary to direct the jet not only to visible sensors, but also to hidden cavities where the platinum resistor (thread) is located.
After this, the flow meter is installed in its regular place and the functionality of the electronic part is checked.
How to check the mass air flow sensor with a multimeter
Self-diagnosis will not only allow you to avoid sudden problems, but will also indicate the timing of a possible replacement of the flow meter. The object of measurement is contact No. 5 on the connector. The quiescent voltage is measured relative to the negative contact No. 3.
We turn off the engine, turn the ignition key to the “ON” position, but do not turn the starter. We connect the measuring leads to the mass flow sensor connector.
- good condition: voltage within 0.98 V - 1.02 V;
- there is wear, but it is not critical: 1.03 V - 1.04 V;
- critical wear, replacement soon: 1.05 V;
- voltage more than 1.05 V – sensor is faulty.
Methods for checking sensor functionality
How to check the flow meter yourself? There are several diagnostic options, we suggest you familiarize yourself with each of them (the author of the video is the Bezdelnik TV channel).
The first method is to disable the sensor
This verification method is the simplest. Every car owner can do it. The first step is to turn off the sensor. To do this, you just need to unplug the connector. Then you should start the engine. As a result, the ECU controller will go into emergency mode. And the supply of the fuel mixture will be regulated only using the throttle valve. Idle speed will be around 1500 rpm. After this, you need to check in by car. If the car has improved its dynamic acceleration characteristics, then it makes sense to look for signs of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor.
Method No. 2 - flashing the electronic control unit
If the standard firmware has been changed, then it is unknown what reaction of the controller is programmed in it in case of an emergency. In this case, you should try to insert a 1mm thick plate under the throttle stop. The turnover should increase. Now you need to pull out the chip from the air flow meter. If the power unit continues to work, then the cause of the malfunction is the firmware.
Method No. 3 - installing a working sensor
Install a known good part and start the engine. If after replacement it begins to work better, the motor does not stall, then replacement or repair of the device is required.
Method No. 4 - visual inspection
To do this, use a Phillips screwdriver to unscrew the clamp holding the air collector corrugation. Then you need to disconnect the corrugation and inspect the internal surfaces of the air collector corrugation and the sensor.
Inspection of duct corrugation
There should be no traces of oil or condensation on them, the surfaces should be dry and clean. If you do not take care of the air filter and change it rarely, then dirt can get on the sensitive element of the sensor and cause it to break. This is the most common malfunction. Traces of oil may appear in the flow meter if the oil level in the crankcase is high, or if the oil sump of the crankcase ventilation system is clogged. If necessary, you need to clean the surfaces using special cleaning products.
External signs of a malfunction of the VAZ 2110 mass air flow sensor
This is the third way to diagnose the sensor. To determine its serviceability, carefully inspect the internal cavities of the air pipe where the mass air flow sensor is mounted. In order to do this, you will need a shaped screwdriver. Loosen the clamp and disconnect the corrugated pipe. The surface of the corrugation should be as dry as possible, without an oil film.
It should be noted that the main signs of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor are dirt on the working surface. It is formed due to the fact that the air filter was not replaced in time. Oil deposits will tell the driver that the oil level in the lubrication system is high or that the oil cutter is not working properly. With these signs, the sensor may still work, but will soon fail.
Next you need to completely remove the mass air flow sensor. You will find signs of a malfunction after a visual inspection of the device. To carry out this operation, you will need a 10mm wrench. Unscrew the two screws and remove the device from the air filter housing. A rubber seal will come out with the sensor. If the seal remains in the housing, this is the main sign of imminent failure.
Video “Features of replacing a flow meter in a garage”
How the replacement procedure is carried out and what points should be taken into account when performing this task - find out from the video below (author - channel In Sandro's Garage).
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Repair manuals and catalogs for the VAZ 2114 car
These manuals and catalogs can be downloaded and saved to your gadget.
- CATALOG OF PARTS AND ASSEMBLY UNITS VAZ 2114, 2113, 2115. —
- 266 pp.
- Size – 7,448 MB
- Format - pdf
- 2002
- 2002
Cleaning the sensor
If you observe signs of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor, then you can try cleaning the device.
By the way, this is the most expensive sensor of all in the line of front-wheel drive VAZ cars. But if yours is broken, don’t rush to change it. There is a small chance of restoring his “health”. For the cleaning process you will need a special liquid that is used to clean the carburetor. Star keys are also useful. Unscrew the clamp, as well as the two “10” bolts. Remove the pipe and take out the sensor. Spray the liquid onto the wire and tube. Work with extreme care, wait until this liquid has completely evaporated and leave the device to dry.
While the device is drying, remove the throttle assembly. You will see plaque inside the throttle assembly. It needs to be removed with liquid. This dirt causes problems with the entire system. Because of it, problems with the mass air flow sensor appear, signs of a malfunction of the VAZ 2115, which bother beginners on automobile forums.
Do not remove the throttle cable. Place the knot on a cloth and treat particularly dirty areas with the liquid. Don't forget to clean the idle air control valve and the space underneath it.
After this, most likely, all signs of problems with the mass air flow sensor will go away, of course, provided that the sensor has no mechanical damage. Therefore, do not wait until you have the first signs of such problems, but take such prevention this coming weekend. It won't take you much time, and your car will truly breathe. You won't recognize your engine. It will start much better, its traction will improve, and you will notice an increase in the power of your engine.
Carry out such preventive maintenance regularly, and your car will thank you.
VAZ 2114 car models
| Car model | Option code | Body type | Execution | Engine | Engine capacity | Toxicity standards | Controller |
| VAZ 2114-20 | 10 ->06.05 | Hatchback | Standard | 2111-86 | 1,5 | R83-02 | 2111-1411020-60 2111-1411020-61 2111-1411020-62 |
| 30 | Hatchback | Standard | 2111-80 | 1,5 | Euro-3 | 2111-1411020-80 2111-1411020-81 2111-1411020-82 | |
| 40 | Hatchback | Standard | 2111-75 | 1,5 | Euro 4 | 2111-1411020-30 | |
| 110 ->02.05 | Hatchback | Standard | 2111-86 | 1,5 | Euro 2 | 2111-1411020-40 | |
| 120 | Hatchback | Standard | 2111-80 | 1,5 | Euro-3 | 2111-1411020-80 2111-1411020-81 2111-1411020-82 | |
| VAZ 2114-21 | 10 ->06.05 | Hatchback | Norm | 2111-86 | 1,5 | R83-02 | 2111-1411020-60 2111-1411020-61 2111-1411020-62 |
| 30 | Hatchback | Norm | 2111-80 | 1,5 | Euro-3 | 2111-1411020-80 2111-1411020-81 2111-1411020-82 | |
| 40 | Hatchback | Norm | 2111-75 | 1,5 | Euro 4 | 2111-1411020-30 | |
| VAZ 2114-22 | 10 ->06.05 | Hatchback | Lux | 2111-86 | 1,5 | R83-02 | 2111-1411020-60 2111-1411020-61 2111-1411020-62 |
| 30 | Hatchback | Lux | 2111-80 | 1,5 | Euro-3 | 2111-1411020-80 2111-1411020-81 2111-1411020-82 | |
| 40 | Hatchback | Lux | 2111-75 | 1,5 | Euro 4 | 2111-1411020-30 | |
| VAZ 2114-22 | 110 ->02.05 | Hatchback | Lux | 2111-86 | 1,5 | Euro 2 | 2111-1411020-40 |
| 120 | Hatchback | Lux | 2111-80 | 1,5 | Euro-3 | 2111-1411020-80 2111-1411020-81 2111-1411020-82 | |
| VAZ 21144-20 | 10 | Hatchback | Standard | 11183-30 | 1.6 | Euro-3 | 21114-1411020-10 21114-1411020-11 |
| 20 | Hatchback | Standard | 11183-20 | 1,6 | Euro 2 | 21114-1411020-30 21114-1411020-31 21114-1411020-32 | |
| 110 | Hatchback | Standard | 11183-20 | 1,6 | Euro 2 | 21114-1411020-30 21114-1411020-31 21114-1411020-32 | |
| VAZ 21144-22 | 10 | Hatchback | Lux | 11183-30 | 1.6 | Euro-3 | 21114-1411020-10 21114-1411020-11 |
| 20 | Hatchback | Lux | 11183-20 | 1.6 | Euro 2 | 21114-1411020-30 21114-1411020-31 21114-1411020-32 | |
| 110 | Hatchback | Lux | 11183-20 | 1,6 | Euro 2 | 21114-1411020-30 21114-1411020-31 21114-1411020-32 |
