Carburetor and its operation diagram for VAZ NIVA VAZ21213

Niva index designations

The wiring diagram may vary slightly depending on the design features of the vehicle.
First, let's look at the index notation:

1. VAZ 21213. This index designates a vehicle equipped with a carburetor. The volume of the power unit is 1.7 liters.
2. 21214. In VAZ 21214 cars, the scheme involves the use of a similar engine with the same volume. The only difference is that the car is equipped with a fuel injection system.
3. There is another model with the index 21213. In VAZ 21213 cars, the electrical circuit includes the same elements, only depending on the year of manufacture, the car can be equipped with a 1.8 liter engine.
4. Version 21073. The SUV is equipped with either an injection engine with nozzles or a Solex carburetor engine. One of the features of these cars is a contactless ignition circuit.
5. 21215. These SUVs were originally produced for export, so these cars are difficult to find on our roads. It is worth noting that they were equipped with Citroen diesel engines.

At the beginning of the article there is a diagram of the VAZ electrical equipment using the example of the Niva 2121 model. If you are the owner of version 2131 or any other, then there will be a difference in the circuit diagram, but not fundamentally. If we are talking about carburetor engines, then in this case the circuit, as well as the ignition, will not be protected (the author of the video is Nail Poroshin).

How to reduce fuel consumption on a VAZ 2121

moLife Blog Carburetor Pierburg 2E
Using a standard carburetor, the Niva consumes a large amount of fuel. Putting a Solex carburetor on the field does not mean that the problem is completely solved

It is important to monitor many other systems and the overall condition of the vehicle.

The following parameters affect fuel consumption:

Author of the article: Yuri Veselov

Device and principle of operation

Wiring diagram VAZ 21213 Niva carburetor electronic ignition

The basic principles of mixing fuel and air using a simplified scheme are demonstrated in the figure.

As the piston moves downward from top dead center, the intake valve opens, allowing the air-fuel mixture to be drawn in from the carburetor. At this moment, in the diffuser 6 of the mixing chamber 8, the fuel coming from the atomizer 4 through the nozzle 9, metering the fuel flow, is mixed with the air sucked in through the air damper 5. The flow of the air-fuel mixture is regulated by the throttle valve 7, connected to the gas pedal.

One of the main parts of the carburetor design is the float chamber 11. The operation of the engine depends on its correct setting. The fuel level in the float chamber is regulated by the position of floats 10 - there are two of them in Solex. When gasoline enters chamber 11 from fuel line 1, the floats float up and block the flow of fuel through needle valve 2. In this case, the air displaced from the float chamber leaves through technological hole 3.

Sprayer 4 is designed in such a way that its upper cut edge is slightly higher than the fuel level in the float chamber. As the air flow passes through the diffuser, gasoline is sucked in and further mixed with air. If there is too much fuel in the float chamber, it may leak out. If the mixture contains too much gasoline, it will lead to the following negative consequences:

• pouring candles;
• incomplete combustion of fuel;
• increased fuel consumption;
• reduction of engine thrust;
• increase in the volume of harmful emissions.

How to carry out regulation using the example of a domestic carburetor

No idle speed for VAZ 2107 carburetor reasons. Idle speed of VAZ 2107 carb disappeared

The domestic “Zhiguli” carburetor “Ozone” is regulated by the supply of gasoline. At the same time, in the middle part of the designer they installed an “over-the-air” adjustment screw, this greatly expanded the range for settings of the machine unit. Before you begin the carburetor adjustment procedure, you need to make sure that the throttle adjustment drive is working properly and is not sticking. To do this, simply press the gas pedal. Then you need to set the ignition timing and adjust the gas distribution. These are complex engine tuning operations; each deserves its own article. Carburetor adjustment, so to speak, is the “finishing touch” to the final tuning of your car’s engine.

How is the idle speed of a VAZ adjusted?

1. First screw in the “quality” screw all the way to the limit.
2. Then carefully turn it back one and a half or 2 turns. This way your fuel mixture will be as enriched as possible with gasoline.
3. Now turn the “quantity” screw. It must be turned 2 turns from the point where the throttle valve turns. This will be enough to start the engine.
4. Then get into the car and start it.
5. After this, start turning the screw so that the amount of gasoline-air mixture with the throttle closed is sufficient for stable operation of the engine.
6. Using the same quality screw, achieve the composition of the mixture when the engine, when idling, begins to show the maximum number of revolutions. Carefully turn the adjusting screw and slowly reduce the speed to 900 rpm.

Experienced drivers perform this operation by ear. If the damper drive is adjusted properly, then at idle it will be completely closed, and when the gas pedal is pressed to the floor, it will open as much as possible. When the “quality” screw is screwed in as much as possible, the engine should stall. If this does not happen, you need to adjust the throttle valve (it is too open).

These are actually all the operations that are performed when adjusting the carburetor. If you were unable to do this the first time and the engine stalled, simply repeat the operation. You can check the setting this way: press the gas pedal all the way and lower it sharply. If the engine does not stall after this, but still produces the required speed, then everything is in order.

When adjusting using a gas analyzer, you need to rotate the mixture quality screw, observing the amount of CO. This is a rather complicated setting and is usually done in workshops, because it is necessary to ensure that the carbon monoxide content complies with GOST standards. However, it should be noted that in this way it is possible to adjust CO only at idle speed - the first measurement when passing a technical inspection at the traffic police. The second measurement, which is performed at engine speeds of 2000-3000 per minute, is slightly affected by this adjustment. The CO content at high speeds is determined not by the carburetor setting, but by the general condition of the engine and the quality of the fuel.

As you can see from the text above, adjusting the idle speed is not difficult, but it will require time, special tools and some skill if you want the carburetor to work really well.

At a minimum, you will have to open the hood and get your hands dirty. If you don't want to do this, then a great option is Uremont.com. This is a special aggregator of car services where you can place a request for the required operation, namely “carburetor idle adjustment.” Within a few minutes, you will begin to receive offers from service stations registered on this site, which received your application. All you have to do is choose the most profitable and convenient offer and take the car. All services of the Uremont.com website are free.

Transition systems

When the carburetor throttle valves are opened before the main metering systems are turned on, the fuel-air mixture enters:

• into the first mixing chamber through the idle jet 2 and the vertical slot 8 of the transition system, located at the level of the edge of the throttle valve in the closed position;
• into the second mixing chamber through outlet 6, located just above the edge of the throttle valve in the closed position. Fuel comes from jet 4 through a tube and is mixed with air from jet 5 entering through the flow channel.

Carburetor calibration data

Adjusting the engine idle speed

Adjustment is provided by adjusting screw 2 (Fig. 9-14) for the quality (composition) of the mixture and adjusting screw 1 for the quantity of the mixture. Adjusting screw 2 is closed by plug 4. To access the screw, you need to remove the plug with a corkscrew.

Rice. 9-14. Carburetor idle speed adjustment screws 21073-1107010:

1 — adjusting screw for the amount of mixture; 2 — adjusting screw for the quality (composition) of the mixture; 3 - sealing ring; 4—adjusting screw plug.

Idle speed adjustment must be performed on a warm engine (coolant temperature 90-95°C), with adjusted clearances in the gas distribution mechanism, with the ignition timing correctly set and with the air damper fully open.

Using adjusting screw 1 for the amount of mixture, set the engine crankshaft rotation speed in the range of 750-800 rpm using the stand tachometer.

Using adjusting screw 2 for the quality (composition) of the mixture, achieve a carbon monoxide (CO) content in the exhaust gases of no more than 3% at a given position of screw 1 (CO content is reduced to 20 ° C and 101.3 kPa (760 mm Hg).

Using screw 1, restore the crankshaft speed to 750-800 min -1.

If necessary, use adjusting screw 2 to restore the CO content to no more than 3%.

After completing the adjustment, sharply press the throttle pedal and release it; the engine should increase the crankshaft speed without interruption, and if it decreases, it should not stall. If the engine stops, use screw 1 to increase the crankshaft speed within 750-800 min -1.

Install a new plastic plug 4 into the hole for the mixture quality adjusting screw 2.

Do-it-yourself carburetor adjustment for VAZ 21213 video


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Acceleration pump

The accelerator pump is diaphragm, mechanically driven from cam 6 (Fig. 2-85) on the axis of the throttle valve of the first chamber. When the throttle valve is closed, the spring pulls the diaphragm 3 back, which leads to the filling of the pump cavity with fuel through the ball valve 8. When the throttle valve is opened, the cam acts on the lever 5, and the diaphragm 3 forces fuel through the ball valve 2 and the nozzle 1 into the mixing chamber of the carburetor, enriching flammable mixture.

Rice. 2-85. Accelerator pump diagram:

1 – sprayer; 2 – fuel supply ball valve; 3 – pump diaphragm; 4 - pusher; 5 – drive lever; 6 – pump drive cam; 7 – throttle valve of the first chamber; 8 – check ball valve; 9 – throttle valve of the second chamber.

The pump performance is not adjustable and depends only on the cam profile.

If not the valve, then what?

Dirt, low-quality fuel, malfunction of the ignition system - all this separately and in the compartment can affect the idle speed disappearing or becoming unstable. If you have already decided to carry out a full diagnosis, then start with the filters - air and fuel.

If they are heavily clogged, then gasoline or air (these are the main components of the air-fuel mixture) will not enter the carburetor normally. To be more precise, they will hit, but only after overcoming great resistance. And don't forget about the thimble-shaped filter that is installed at the inlet of the carburetor.

The solution is to replace all the filters and not have to worry anymore. But if this does not help, then you have many more faulty nodes. This means it’s time to look at the spark plugs (at the same time, remember how long ago you changed them). Unfortunately, a rare spark plug will last more than 30 thousand km.

And this is about a year and a half of operating the car in average mode. Unscrew the spark plugs, look at the carbon deposits, whether there is any and what color it is. With a long service life, the central electrode of the spark plug wears out and the gap increases as a result. Replace the spark plugs and check if the idle speed is stable.

Does it still stall at idle and not hold the revs? Then the ignition system remains. If you have a contact one, then check the gap in the breaker and set the optimal advance angle. If contactless, then diagnose the switch and Hall sensor.

These two elements fail more often than others. However, there is nothing more to break. Also inspect the condition of the high-voltage wires and, if necessary, remove moisture or dirt from them. The distributor cover should be without damage, and the resistance of the resistor in the slider should be about 5.5 kOhm.

How to restore carburetor operation

For repairs, most often you have to remove the device from the engine. First, remove the air filter. Then the fuel lines, air pipes, wires and cables are removed. then unscrew the fastening nuts.

It is best to disassemble the carburetor on a table or other convenient surface. The parts should be laid out in some order. This will help you not lose them. The process of adjusting the needle valve is performed using a special template. To wash the device, you must use special liquids. Replacement jets can be purchased at any auto stores. Often, disassembling and flushing the carburetor helps solve a lot of problems.

Regulations for adjusting the carburetor on the VAZ 21213

Any work related to the engine or power system on the VAZ 21213 should end with adjusting the carburetor parameters. After carrying out the above procedures, you should sequentially perform a number of settings:

1. Throttle valve actuators
2. Air damper drive
3. Trigger
4. Automatic starter
5. Idle systems
6. Exhaust CO and CH concentrations

Some adjustments can be performed both on the removed device and directly on the machine. In case of sagging or high tension in the throttle valve drive cable, use the adjusting nut to set the desired position, having first unscrewed the lock nut. It is worth checking the distance between the centers of the tie rod ends, it should be within 80 mm. As a result, when the accelerator pedal is fully pressed, the damper is completely open, and when the pedal is released, it is closed.

The air damper drive rod should move freely in the shell, and the lever should rotate around its axis without effort. The handle recessed all the way in the car interior corresponds to a fully open damper (vertical position). When pulling the handle, the area of ​​the chamber inlet must be blocked. Deviations from these requirements are eliminated by adjusting the fastening of the cable sheath or repairing the drive lever.

The next step is setting up the starting device. By forcefully opening the air damper by 1/3 with a screwdriver, you need to set the speed to 3200 - 3300. Then remove the screwdriver and use the adjusting screw to reduce the crankshaft speed to 2800-3100 rpm. At this point, the adjustment of the VAZ 21213 carburetor can be said to be almost complete.

Adjustment of the exhaust gas system and the concentration of hydrocarbons in the exhaust can be done in one step. After starting the engine, you need to use the quality screw to set the maximum possible idle speed. Next, use the quantity screw to reduce the speed so that it is 50-100 units higher than the normal idle speed. After this, use the quality screw to achieve the desired value.

High-quality tuning of the carburetor unit is available to a car enthusiast with basic knowledge of the principles of internal combustion engines and a minimum of tools.

Despite the fact that the VAZ-2121 SUV was developed quite a long time ago, this car is still very popular. In 1994, the model was changed to VAZ-21213. Many people buy these cars because of their high cross-country ability, which can be the envy of some jeeps from famous brands. Others like reliability, unpretentiousness and high maintainability. A simple design and excellent off-road characteristics made this vehicle a vehicle for lovers of travel, hunting, fishing and tourism.

Niva cars 211213 are equipped with a 1.7 liter engine. It is carburetor, and is based on a VAZ-2106 engine. There is also a five-speed manual transmission and a proximity ignition system. The power system is equipped with a Solex 21073 carburetor for the Niva. Many novice car owners are intimidated by carburetors and everything connected with them. But a carburetor is not a death sentence. You just need to understand its basic structure, how to adjust it, and how to repair it.

Float mechanism

The Solex 21073 carburetor, installed on the Niva, has a float chamber of two sections. They are located on both sides of the main cameras of the device. The system consists of two ebonite floats, which are mounted on a lever.

The latter swings on an axis pressed into the bosses of the device cover. There is a tongue on the bracket. The element presses the needle valve needle through a special ball. The float mechanism serves to adjust the level of fuel required for normal operation of the carburetor. The needle valve is a non-separable type. It is not being repaired. The valve body is mounted on a thread in the carburetor cap. The ball protects the needle from shock when the machine moves. If the chamber is empty (for example, if the driver is using LPG), then the floats will knock.

Features of electrical equipment

The electrical circuit of the VAZ model 21213 has certain differences with the model 2121, in particular:

1. 21213 vehicles use more modernized foot fuses in the fuse box. Of course, the use of such devices led to the fact that the block site also became different.
2. The power supply system of these vehicles additionally includes an idle speed saving device. For this option to work properly, another connector with wiring was added in the engine compartment.
3. Another difference is that these cars use a non-contact ignition circuit, the main element of which is a microcontroller.

It should be noted that differences in the Niva circuit may lie both in the generator units and in the electrics themselves.

Differences in generators

In any case, the differences in the wiring diagram of the models will primarily depend on the power unit - carburetor or injection.

The main differences in carburetors:

• models 21213 use the generator unit model 371.3701;
• in the engines of models 21214, the manufacturer decided to install a more powerful generator device; it is marked with the numbers 9412.3701 (video author - Sergei Chekhonin).

And although these generators are different, they have certain similarities in design. In any case, it is a synchronous AC device. In addition, these units have a built-in rectifier and output voltage regulation mechanism.

Wiring differences

If we talk directly about wiring, then depending on the car model, it may also have differences. It should be noted that these differences greatly simplify do-it-yourself maintenance and repair of the system. As for injection modifications of SUVs specifically, in this case the system is equipped with three outputs intended for installing electronic ignition.

In addition, 21214 cars use two ventilating devices that perform the function of cooling the radiator assembly. Accordingly, due to the use of additional fans, the wiring also underwent, albeit not significant, differences. Of course, they are not fundamental.

Which carburetor is better to install on a VAZ 21213 Niva with a 1700 engine

The best option for reducing fuel consumption on a Niva is to install a DAAZ 21083 carburetor. The “eight” carburetor has all the necessary characteristics that a 1.7 engine may require. If you are looking for an answer to the question of which carburetor to install on Niva 21213, then this is exactly what you need.

Carburetor DAAZ 21083

The only negative that may follow after such an installation is a decrease in throttle response of a carburetor engine due to a smaller throttle valve diameter of several mm. Also on carburetors 21083 the float has a small stroke. Installation can be done by yourself without outside help. Adjusting a new carb is also not difficult. The cost of this carburetor is not small - 6,290 rubles, but the quality of the parts and service life deserves respect.

When selecting carbs, there are several points to consider:

1. The DAAZ 21083 carburetor is not designed to fit the Niva manifold - it will have to be bored;
2. A new throttle control system is needed;
3. You will need a set of larger diameter fuel jets;

Installation in reverse order

How to adjust valves on a KamAZ 740
Installing a carburetor mechanism on a Niva takes much longer than removing it. This is because the reverse process is more complex in terms of connecting hoses and fuel lines.

The procedure for installing Ozone on a VAZ 2121 is as follows:

1. The device is threaded onto four studs to the intake manifold.
2. The corresponding nuts are screwed onto these studs to give the carburetor stability and the required position.
3. The throttle control rod snaps into place.
4. The choke cable is screwed into place.
5. Next, you will need to connect all the hoses in strict order: first the fuel pipe, then the return line, after which you can connect the remaining hoses in any order.
6. The fuel filter box is screwed to the carburetor body.
7. After this, the box is attached to the engine compartment frame.

Do-it-yourself VAZ 21213 carburetor repair video Telegraph

Download file - Do-it-yourself VAZ 21213 carburetor repair video

The manufacturer claims that Solex is correctly adjusted at the factory, but this statement is not always true. Problems with the engine power system unit arise not only due to its incorrect configuration, but also due to the negligence of the car owner himself. Ignoring recommendations on the frequency of replacing air and fuel filters leads to the fact that the most important mechanism in the engine power system refuses to work correctly. The goal to which all carburetor adjustment processes come down is to ensure stable operation of the power unit over the entire speed range. Adjusting the Solex carburetor comes down to part of the adjustment processes in the float chamber and adjusting the idle system. This is quite painstaking work that requires certain knowledge. The level should be within 25 mm in the chambers, but this may vary since the collector is not horizontal, so you should measure the value in the chambers and average it. If the level exceeds the norm, then use the float tongue to remove some of the gasoline and reassemble the mechanism in the reverse order. Then start the engine again and make observations. Gasoline should not leak from small diffusers, otherwise the appearance of fuel will indicate an overflow. There is no need to press the gas during the adjustment! You can adjust the Solex starting system both on an installed carburetor and on a dismantled one. In the first case, the adjustment comes down to determining the number of crankshaft revolutions, but with the carburetor removed, it is possible to adjust the starting system due to the gaps at the edge of the dampers. On the engine power system device removed from the vehicle, adjust the gap between the damper and the chamber wall - the gap should be 1.1 mm. Adjustment work is carried out using a wrench or screwdriver. More experienced and advanced car owners prefer to adjust the Solex by determining and setting the crankshaft speed. This method is faster, but also requires certain specific knowledge. This technique consists of the following:. Using a gas analyzer, you can also configure the starting system. The device measures the amount of carbon monoxide in gases. This procedure is necessary to ensure that the power unit operates stably and that the exhaust gases contain as few harmful substances as possible. In the garage, using your own efforts, all the work can be done using a tachometer. The motor is first brought to operating temperature, after which the adjustment itself is carried out directly. A similar procedure must be carried out several times until the engine begins to operate stably, and a minimum amount of vacuum in the tube is observed. Correct tuning of Solex will allow the car owner to enjoy high-quality, and most importantly, trouble-free engine operation. Experts recommend adjusting the idle speed twice a year. Thus, it is possible to achieve significant fuel savings and the emission of a minimum amount of harmful substances into the atmosphere, plus, a properly adjusted engine power system mechanism will significantly save personal funds on the services of service stations. Home Purchase and sale agreement Compulsory motor liability insurance calculator European protocol for road accidents Tips All articles. Repair Reviews Operation Tuning Buying and selling Legislation History Production Products. The long-awaited restyling of the Mazda CX Toyota Highlander of the year. Popular manufacturers of towbars in Russia. Laser headlights for cars. Step-by-step adjustment of the Solex carburetor on a VAZ Adjustment of the Solex carburetor comes down to part of the adjustment processes in the float chamber and setting the idle system. The recommended procedure for adjusting the valves of the 3rd generation VAZ Kia Sportage went on sale. Purchasing a used foreign-made car is associated with Copying content is prohibited without inserting an active hyperlink to the source.

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