GAZelle Business is a family of Russian-made light-duty vehicles produced at the GAZ plant since 2010. The model replaced the classic GAZelle of the 90s. The manufacturer managed to improve the car's performance without making significant design improvements. In particular, the service interval has been increased to 15 thousand km versus 10 thousand previously, and the warranty period has been extended to 80 thousand km or two years.
The reduction in fuel consumption was 5%, and the braking distance was reduced by 8%. In addition to the imported Cummins ISF diesel engine, the main engine for the GAZelle Business family is the gasoline UMZ-4216.10, working with a five-speed manual gearbox. The engine provides a maximum speed of 130 km/h.
The appearance of the model
The engine production plant, located in Ulyanovsk, is one of the oldest workshops in Russia. Today, assembly units are part of the commercial organization “Gr. GAZ”, and its formation began in 1941. During wartime, the equipment of an automobile plant located in Moscow and named after I.V. Stalin was moved to Ulyanovsk. From that moment on, the plant was repeatedly renamed and retrained, until in 1968 it received the usual name “UMZ”. It was then that the full-fledged design and assembly of automobile engines began at the enterprise; 1969 was marked by the release of the first engine from the assembly line.
Starting from 1997, Ulyanovsk mastered the production of motors with increased power, which were used on commercial vehicles. The beginning was made by the UMZ-4215 power plant, in which the formation of the mixture occurred through a carburetor. Already in 1998, the product received an updated modification, equipped with an injector and complying with Euro-2 standards. Testing and fine-tuning the product led to the appearance of a new motor, released in 2003. The installation was named engine 4216 and soon began mass production.
The product was used on commercial vehicles produced by Gorky plants, steel cars of the Gazelle brand. After tightening environmental standards and safety requirements, in 2008 the engine was updated to the Euro-3 standard. In 2010, engines began to be installed on updated vehicles of the Gazelle Business series. After some time, the installation was brought up to Euro 4 level (2012), and after being equipped with hydraulic compensators in 2013, it was used on “Next” series machines. In 2014, a turning point came for the Business and Next series cars, as the cars began to be equipped with 2.7-liter Evotech engines.
Special equipment based on Gazelle Business:
Motor malfunctions
During operation, the power plant proved reliability and reliability. However, the product has a number of technical shortcomings that lead to trouble. Often the sensors of the mechanism or the exhaust manifold fail. In addition, the motor is susceptible to overheating. The reasons for excessive heating are a decrease in speed on off-road roads and stops in city traffic jams, typical for the summer period. Another reason for boiling is a malfunction of the fan activation clutch blowing the radiator. Elimination of shortcomings is possible after replacing the radiator with a copper structure, whose thermal output exceeds that of the standard product. When performing maintenance, it is recommended to fill the cooler circuit with antifreeze. Some users force the fan to turn on from the driver's cabin, and also change the propeller to a model with a large number of blades.
What kind of oil to pour into the 417 engine?
Technical characteristics of UMZ 417 2.45 l/92 l. With.
| Manufacturer | UMP |
| What kind of oil to pour into the engine by viscosity | 5W30, 5W40, 0W30, 0W40 |
| Which engine oil is best by manufacturer | Liqui Moly, LukOil, Rosneft |
| Oil for UMZ 417 composition | synthetic in winter, semi-synthetic in summer, mineral |
Engine oil volume | 6 l |
Advantages of booms with hydraulic compensators
The UMZ-4216 engine with hydraulic compensators does not require additional maintenance due to the absence of valve clearances throughout the entire period of operation. Because of this, the noise level is noticeably reduced. The highest engine speeds are now not critical, because the design of the hydraulic compensators includes the factor of stabilizing the occurrence of maximum loads. The degree of wear of the mating surfaces of the mechanism parts is significantly reduced. Due to the optimization of gas distribution phases, harmful impurities of exhaust gases are consistently low throughout the entire period of operation.
Modifications of the UMZ engine ;"!:
Unit “421600” is the basic power unit of the series. There are negative aspects, but the engine is popular and in demand among owners of Gazelle cars. The base itself has a number of distinctive features that affect the set of auxiliary equipment. Thus, engines “4216.100402” and “42161.1000” are supplied with the old mount, the second motor is used on Economy class cars. For engines with brackets for a hydraulic-based power steering wheel, the marking looks like “...1000402.10”. The modification with new fasteners is marked “...1000402.20”.
Main malfunctions of UMP
Previously, a more common engine breakdown was damage to the intake manifold. According to the developers, a manifold made of weak material was installed on the 4216 engine. However, already in 2010
This rumored flaw has been corrected by introducing higher quality material.
A flaw was also found in the cooling system.
At medium engine speeds and when the car was moving at 60 km/h, the antifreeze temperature was normal, alas, as soon as you slowed down or got into a traffic jam, the 4216 engine quickly gained temperature, right until the antifreeze boiled. The reason lay in the electric clutch, which turned on the forced cooling fan.
Reviews
Konstantin, Lipetsk. I have been working for the third year on a GAZelle Business with a 2.9 UMZ-4216 engine. I can’t say anything bad about the engine except for the low quality of spare parts - they just need to be changed on time, as well as consumables changed in a timely manner. Otherwise, GAZelle Business is no better or worse than the first models of this family, which I also had the opportunity to drive.
Vitaly, Taganrog. My Gazelle will outlive any foreign car, because it is ideally prepared for Russian conditions. This truck with a domestic UMZ engine will overcome any road obstacle, only all-wheel drive is not enough. And the ground clearance is like that of real all-terrain vehicles. And the ground clearance practically does not sag when fully loaded, which means the suspension is strong enough and designed for slight overload.
Modernization
The unit is equipped with a microprocessor system for controlling the operation of the injection of fuel mixture and the accounting ignition system. The knock and oxygen sensors of the 4216 engine directly affect the operation of the all-encompassing electronic control accounting system and the unit as a result. To configure economic features and increase competitiveness, the following design additions were made to the power plant:
- To increase performance characteristics, the compression ratio in the cylinders was increased.
- To reduce oil consumption, the crankcase gas exhaust system was modernized.
- The reliability of the motor is ensured by the introduction of improved parts and materials.
Description and features of the motor
The UMZ 4216 power plant is used to drive cars produced by the Gorky plant. The equipment includes small-capacity serial trucks and passenger cars, the Gazelle Next and Gazelle Business series. The basis for calculating the unit was the “421” motor, which became famous for its simplicity and practicality. For this reason, some features were inherited from its predecessor.
The Gazelle Business 4216 engine is recognizable due to the characteristic design of the frame. The element is made of aluminum-based material, with cast-iron cylindrical thin-walled inserts mounted through casting. During the manufacture of the shaft, the main and connecting rod walls are hardened by current. On the rear, the product is equipped with a rubber seal that can independently ensure the necessary contact with the surface.
Due to a number of comprehensive measures, the 4216 engine complies with Euro 3 standards, which brought Gazelle cars to the international market. The engine is paired with a mechanism that corrects the input of the combustible mixture, based on microprocessors and ignition electronics. Clarity and consistency are ensured by receiving and processing the response of oxygen and detonation meters.
Compared to its predecessor, the engine received the following changes:
- The degree of compression in the combustion chamber of the engine has increased, and the ongoing processes have improved;
- The geometry of the group of cylinders and pistons of the engine has changed;
- The sump purging has been improved, which has affected the lubricant consumption in the engine;
- The quality of the devices used has improved, and the reliability of the motor has increased.
What will be required for replacement?
Before changing the transmission oil in a Gazelle, you must prepare all the necessary tools and accessories, including:
Prepare a place to change the oil in the Gazelle gearbox - this could be a pit, a lift or an overpass.
Engine tuning Hunter / Bukhanka / Gazelle UMZ-421
Turbo UMZ 421. Compressor
Considering the cars using the 421 engine, there is not the slightest point in discussing atmospheric tuning here (imagine a Gazelle on throttles
