How to make a spray booth with your own hands: for powder coating and furniture

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Painting cars yourself is a responsible procedure that requires compliance with a number of conditions. A specialized camera for painting a car with your own hands - this option is chosen by many car enthusiasts today. Purchasing such an object will not be cheap, so some people prefer to independently provide what a do-it-yourself paint booth requires - drawings, materials, assembly.

Painting a car in this way has a number of serious advantages over using a spray gun in your own garage. Due to the tightness, you don’t have to worry about foreign particles of dust and dirt getting onto the painted surface.

In addition, the design eliminates the occurrence of unwanted air turbulence, due to which the enamel will not adhere to the surface properly, causing streaks, pimples and other defects to form.

DIY car painting

Do-it-yourself painting is profitable, but you will have to work hard to build it. With a competent approach and a conscientious attitude to work, you will be able to build a car painting booth yourself, which will help you avoid serious financial expenses and organize everything to your liking. Below we will look at how to make a spray booth with your own hands, and what steps are needed for this.\

See also:

Sandblasting chamber at home

What is a paint booth

The spray-drying booth is often used for painting work on cars and trucks. A special feature of the chamber is the presence of a special ventilation system and temperature control.

So that when painting, no small particles can get onto the paint layer. And also during drying, the necessary temperature conditions are created for the process to proceed correctly.

The powder paint polymerization chamber is distinguished by a special system for influencing the layer so that the adhesion strength of the composition is high.

Thus, the painting chamber is the place where the required conditions are created for applying and drying the paint and varnish material. Depending on the type, the arrangement of the room will differ.

The powder paint polymerization chamber is distinguished by a special system for influencing the layer so that the adhesion strength of the composition is high.

Homemade or automatic mode control system

It is worth understanding the automatic process control system at the design stage of the premises. Having it provides tangible benefits. Automation makes it possible to improve the entire work scheme and significantly speed up the process while increasing its quality. But this can also significantly affect the budget of the entire enterprise.

However, you get a more advanced system that is all about making time-consuming operations easier. And if you are going to do this, then you need to make the remote control panel from materials that are resistant to various substances. In addition, it must be accessible to every employee, not get in the way, and be exactly in its place. All operations from it are necessarily simple and easily perceived by an ordinary person without much special training.

You can also add a timer that controls all operating modes. With its help, you can ensure that all processes occur literally with the precision of a clockwork mechanism. Everything is reliable, fast, clear and verified.

Automation is a useful thing, but it is also worth thinking about how to easily switch to manual operation if necessary. Operations cannot always be trusted to automation. Some of them should be done manually to improve quality. And for this, all processes must have two control systems, both automatic and manual. Moreover, the transition from one form of work to another is carried out quickly, conveniently and without problems.

Advantages and functional features of the paint box

A car painting booth has a number of advantages over working in a regular garage. Due to the special arrangement, the possibility of dust and other contaminants getting onto the base after applying paint is eliminated, which is very important when covering the surface of a car.

There is also the possibility of creating a homemade camera. The process is not so complicated, if you do not violate the technology and take into account fire safety requirements, the result will be of a high level.

Due to the special arrangement, the possibility of dust and other contaminants getting onto the base after applying paint is eliminated.

Useful video

You can clearly see how to install a homemade camera for painting a car in a garage in the video:

If we consider the construction and organization of a paint booth as a whole, then this is quite an interesting process. Here everything is created for your convenience, from project development to final finishing. There are various installation methods, numerous options for materials, as well as equipment. There is room for an engineering genius to roam.

And in the end, everything should work out in full compliance with the norms and requirements for such enterprises. And then everything will work literally like clockwork.

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Varieties

The equipped room can be done in different ways; the requirements for the arrangement depend on what they intend to paint. This could be a car, furniture, or other parts. For example, there is a chamber for powder painting. Therefore, you need to understand the types of cameras in order to choose the appropriate option.

The equipped room can be done in different ways; the requirements for the arrangement depend on what they intend to paint.

Powder

The powder coating chamber must be equipped with lighting, transport elements and a monitoring and control panel. Externally, this is a box made of dense metal, where polymerization of powder paint takes place, and can be lined with polymer materials.

The powder coating chamber must be equipped with lighting, transport elements and a monitoring and control panel.

For furniture

Furniture factories often use a special painting chamber, where wood undergoes all stages of coloring. This is how the material is prepared, painted and dried. There are different types of premises:

• Dry type;
• With water curtain;
• Excessive pressure.

Furniture factories often use a special painting chamber, where all stages of wood coloring take place.

For details

A powder coating or other type of painting chamber can be designed for a variety of parts that require optimal working conditions. To create the necessary parameters for sanitary work and increased productivity.

Powder coating or other types of painting chambers can be designed for a variety of parts.

With water curtain

A water curtain spray booth, like other spray booths, helps remove harmful solvents from the air that evaporate when paint is sprayed. This type provides three levels of air purification:

• Frontal water curtain;
• Internal air purification;
• Dry filtration.

A water curtain spray booth, like other spray booths, helps remove harmful solvents from the air that evaporate when paint is sprayed.

Painting and drying chamber

Such chambers are used for applying liquid paints and varnishes. To ensure even distribution of paint particles on the base, creating optimal and safe conditions for painters to work. It also prevents the release of harmful substances into the environment.

Such chambers are used for applying liquid paints and varnishes.

Made from polyethylene

Special polyethylene is used; it is distinguished by its ability to magnetize so that dust particles are retained on its surface. This way you can avoid them settling on the paint layer. The matte film is stretched onto the walls; usually its effect is sufficient to paint 10-12 cars.

Special polyethylene is used; it has the ability to magnetize so that dust particles are held on its surface.

How to properly make lighting in a powder coating box

The lighting in the spray booth must be good. It is believed that the level of illumination in the working area of ​​the room should be at least 600 lux, but usually illumination of 1-2 thousand lux is provided. Using only ceiling lamps is not sufficient, since the sides and other surfaces of the car will be poorly illuminated. To create sufficient illumination in the working area, it is recommended to install ceiling lamps and additional light sources on the walls of the chamber.

The following are used as light sources:

• fluorescent lamps;
• LED lights.

Fluorescent lamps provide good illumination without glare and provide excellent color rendition. In addition, they are environmentally friendly, economical and vibration resistant. LED lamps have been used more frequently lately. And this is not hampered by the rather high cost (compared to fluorescent lamps), since their advantages are significant.

These include lower energy consumption (three times), safety, bright and even light without glare, durability and reliability of operation. In addition to arranging ceiling (or top) and side lighting in the spray booth, additional lighting may be required in some areas. To do this, it is convenient to use rotating lamps with a long stem.

Reference! The most effective lighting scheme for a paint booth is the installation of long lamps arranged in a checkerboard pattern.

What is needed to create a paint booth

A DIY paint booth requires the preparation of tools and materials. Knowing what is needed will help you create an estimate for the work. This way you can understand whether it’s worth pursuing the process or limiting yourself to renting a camera. List of required materials:

• A room with dense walls and floors;
• Ventilation;
• Filter system;
• Thermal generator;
• Wall covering material;
• Reinforcement grid to cover the floors.

A DIY paint booth requires the preparation of tools and materials.

Specifics of box heating: designing drying

Drying is one of the mandatory elements of paint booths. For this purpose, heat generators running on natural gas, waste oil or diesel fuel are used. The needs of each individual camera may vary. And based on this, the optimal heat generator option is selected.

Interesting! Today, infrared lamps are used as an alternative for drying. They are effective and fairly inexpensive.

It is important that warm air flows are supplied evenly. This is laid down at the camera design stage. Otherwise, areas of overheating occur, which results in improper drying of the paintwork.

During the development of a paint shop project, the optimal solution would be to connect the control systems of the heat generator-heat exchanger, filters and ventilation. Thus, the master will be able to quickly adjust the temperature and climacteric conditions of the painting room; climatic conditions can be adjusted during work from an automatic control panel, which is located in the most convenient place for the painter.

Requirements for a spray booth

There are certain requirements that should be taken into account to create a quality room for painting:

• High-quality ventilation and air purification are created;
• Adjustment of temperature indicators so that differences do not exceed 3 degrees during drying;
• Good lighting to see all the flaws;
• Compliance with safety rules.

It is important to make the room airtight; any breeze can greatly affect the temperature, which leads to the formation of defects.

It is important to make the room airtight.

Blowing

This mode is designed to cool the chamber volume and the product at the end of the drying process. The air is completely taken from the street, both fans work. When the camera cools down to a certain temperature (set by the operator) or after some time has passed (also set by the operator), the fans turn off and the camera goes into the “Standby” mode. View diagram >>

Rice. 2 Diagram of air circulation in painting, evaporation and blowing modes. In standby mode, the fans are turned off and air circulates naturally.

Rice. 3 Air circulation diagram in drying mode

Painting a car is a rather complex technological process. And this process must take place according to strictly defined principles, without any initiative. After all, you need to get a high-quality car coating, and not a coating that will be replete with drips, paint sagging and other defects.

And such an operation can only be carried out in paint booths for cars. Even a small amount of dust floating in the air can ruin all your painting efforts. In addition, for normal paint polymerization there must be a certain temperature, which is significantly higher than the temperature at which painting occurs. And if all temperature conditions are not observed when applying paint, when drying the painted body, the quality of the coating will clearly suffer.

How do paint booths for cars work?

The painting booth is a closed room. The chamber material can be galvanized sheet steel, stainless steel sheet and other similar materials.

The most commonly used cameras are those that have two independent motors, one of which operates on the intake ventilation system, and the second operates on the exhaust ventilation system. Although it is possible that only one engine is used. Motors for ventilation are powered by electricity.

Ventilation, both supply and exhaust, has a filter system. The air that enters the spray booth must be as free of dust as possible. There is a whole system of filters for this. The first filter, so to speak, coarse filter, is installed on the pipe, which is located outside the chamber.

Exhaust and ventilation system in the painting booth

The chamber helps to start the required air flow in the room, clean it of contaminants, and eliminate harmful substances present in the paint. Obtain the required temperatures for drying.

The chamber helps to start the required air flow in the room, clean it of contaminants, and eliminate harmful substances present in the paint.

Lighting

The painter needs to see the smallest irregularities and defects on the surface of the body or part being painted. Therefore, the lighting in the painting chamber should be bright, even and of high quality. The best sources for this are daylight sources. These can be either traditional or LED lamps.

When equipping a paint shop with your own hands, lamps must be placed not only on the ceiling, but also on the side walls. It is useful to equip fluorescent lamps with ballast, which will not only help save on electricity, but also prevent the flickering effect.

Mode of application of cleaning and ventilation systems

Air masses are purified through three filters: coarse cleaning, where dust and heavy particles are removed; cleaning, the filter is located behind the heating element; fine cleaning, which is located behind the air duct.

It is necessary to install the filtration system so that filter replacement is easy.

It is necessary to install the filtration system so that filter replacement is easy.

Heating system

Working temperature standards must be observed in order to obtain a high-quality result without putting the painter at risk of health problems. The following points can be noted regarding the heating system:

• Conventional heating and electric heating elements will be sufficient for the winter period;
• A heat gun will help warm up the room and ceiling areas;
• A heat generator is only needed for large jobs, otherwise the expense is not justified.

Working temperature standards must be observed in order to obtain a high-quality result and not expose the painter to the risk of health problems.

Where to start construction?

Having decided to build a paint booth for body work, you need to immediately think about the expected amount of profit and drawing up a construction project. You also need to consider the camera's performance and the expected number of employees.

Usually, for the full operation of a car painting shop, at least 1 painter is needed, as well as several disassemblers and straighteners. The recruited personnel need to be trained in the latest painting technologies, and try to organize a mini-laboratory for selecting paints in the workshop.

As you can see, there is a lot of work, and in order to get completely confused, it is necessary to draw up a detailed design of the spray booth.

Interior decoration and arrangement

For interior decoration, it is advisable to use non-combustible materials in order to comply with safety standards. This is how a metal profile is often chosen. Also, non-combustible materials are selected for thermal insulation work.

For ease of work, an area is allocated for storing the necessary equipment and materials.

For interior decoration, it is advisable to use non-combustible materials in order to comply with safety standards.

Water curtain chambers

Such equipment is presented in several variations on the construction market. The choice is made taking into account the objects that will be painted in them. So there can be chambers without side walls and floor, with an active water floor and walls, etc. It is important to decide in advance what work will be performed in the chamber.

It is important to decide in advance what work will be performed in the chamber.

Requirements and calculation

Painting booths must be provided with supply and exhaust ventilation, with additional ventilation in the upper part of the room. The lower air outlet is equipped by raising the grille 15-20 cm above the main floor level. Air intakes with filters are installed in this space.

The air exchange system in the painting booth must be equipped with a filter system in both the supply and exhaust sections. With its help, dust is removed from the incoming masses. At the outlet, coloring particles are removed from the exhaust gases using special paint collection units.

Complex calculations are used when designing ventilation. It is very important to accurately calculate the rate of indoor air renewal. Why is this so important?

1. Too strong air flows can lead to disruption of the painting technology.
2. A low rate of fresh oxygen supply will lead to low efficiency of ventilation and removal of process particles. This situation poses a high level of danger for people working at the site.

The design of the spray booth and its ventilation system are significantly influenced by the size and design features of the objects that are planned to be painted indoors.

Here, an important indicator that is accurately determined when calculating the ventilation system is the multiplicity. The air exchange rate when processing objects with a small surface area should be five times. That is, the air must be renewed so many times per unit of time.

At facilities intended for processing passenger cars, the multiplicity increases by 50-100 times. Based on the magnification parameters, in chambers equipped for painting vehicles, it is not cost-effective to apply paint to small objects.

A standard chamber has a capacity of 15 thousand to 30 thousand cubic meters of air per hour. This volume ensures the creation of favorable working conditions for personnel and compliance with technological requirements.

A standard painting booth has a capacity of 15 thousand to 30 thousand cubic meters of air per hour

• length – 7 meters;
• width – 4 meters;
• height – 3 meters.

The volume of a room is determined by multiplying the length, width and height. Our volume is 84 cubic meters. The workshop is used for painting cars, its multiplicity is 90. We calculate the productivity. We multiply 84 by 90. The air permeability is 7,560 cubic meters per hour. The indicator is insufficient and requires approximately doubling. That is, you need to increase the power of the equipment or the size of the room.

Consumables

To paint a vehicle, you will need to purchase other consumables. It is necessary to study their features in advance.

To paint a vehicle, you will need to purchase other consumables.

Cardboard pleated filter

Necessary to catch varnish, paint and other substances in the paint mist. This way the waste is collected without affecting the speed of air masses.

Necessary to catch varnish, paint and other substances in the paint mist.

Floor filter in rolls

Fiberglass material that absorbs small particles of fog; in terms of thickness, the best option would be a 7-centimeter option. Convenient to use, fire resistant.

Fiberglass material that absorbs small particles of fog; in terms of thickness, the best option would be a 7-centimeter option.

Fiberglass filters in cardboard frame

They are suitable for dry chambers and are installed in the 2nd level of filtration. They are distinguished by a good degree of air purification and durability of use.

They are suitable for dry chambers and are installed in the 2nd level of filtration.

Coconut fiber filters for water cabins

Suitable for high humidity, usually installed for the third degree of air purification. They can be washed several times for reusable use.

Suitable for high humidity, usually installed for the third degree of air purification.

Ceiling filter (for supply ventilation)

Required for the third stage of cleaning the intake air flow. They decide which type to choose based on the requirements for air purity. The filter also helps to equalize air masses.

Required for the third stage of cleaning the intake air flow.

Adhesive coating for dust protection

Necessary for removing dust particles during drying, painting and sanding the surface. It is distributed with a roller over the base; when the effectiveness decreases, a new layer is made.

Necessary for removing dust particles during drying, painting and sanding the surface.

Water Cabin Paint Remover

If you introduce the product into a water cabin, solid particles of material will bind, which will help remove paint waste without draining the water from the cabin. This ensures that the strong odor from the paint is eliminated.

If you introduce the product into a water cabin, solid particles of material will bind, which will help remove paint waste without draining the water from the cabin.

A powder paint booth or other paint booth helps provide the necessary conditions for high-quality painting, as well as safe work. In order to save money, you can make such a room yourself.

Do-it-yourself hood box in the garage

The modern construction of a spray booth must take into account the main point - ventilation. Indoor air purification is very important to remove dust, dirt and other paint particles.

Such systems are divided into single-engine and dual-engine. In the first case, air is pumped from above using a fan, and then removed independently through holes in the floor. In the second case, another fan is installed in the floor, and the system becomes forced. It is also more expensive, which also needs to be taken into account, although the efficiency also increases.

A well-thought-out ventilation system allows air masses to calmly and smoothly enter and exit the room. If mistakes were made at the design stage, then turbulence, turbulence and so-called “dead zones” where dirt will accumulate may occur. Therefore, air pressure must be taken into account. And for this purpose, filters on the ceiling are placed evenly along the entire length. If they are controlled from an automatic remote control, this is only an additional plus of ventilation.