The gearbox design in the Lada Kalina model has a rather complex design, but it will still be useful for the owner to know the main features of the gearbox design. For the budget “Russian”, the manufacturer has provided the possibility of equipping it with a five-speed transmission.
Many owners pour out complaints about the Lada Kalina gearbox, because when switching, they observe a creaking sound coming from the unit. This is explained by the fact that the developers placed special type synchronizers on the gears of all forward gears. It is these components that “give” themselves away with a characteristic creaking sound. Adjustment or replacement can help here, as a result of which the creaking effect disappears. To perform this repair correctly, you will need a gear shift diagram.
The vast majority of buyers are inclined to purchase Lada Kalina, which have a manual transmission. Note that these boxes are equipped with any of the engines used, be it an 8-valve version or a modification with a 16-valve head.
Gearbox Features
If we talk about the features of the Lada Kalina 2 gearbox, then it is worth mentioning the locking solenoid.
It was installed specifically to prevent the driver from accidentally engaging reverse gear while moving forward. You will not be able to engage reverse gear if the electrical network of the solenoid is interrupted or if it fails. If you find such a malfunction, then repair is needed
But it is important to get to the parking lot
Unscrew the solenoid from the box and install the rod lock plug in its place. You will take it in a special repair kit; every driver should carry it with him. This will help you get to the garage or get to the repair shop. You need to drive carefully. Be careful not to shift into reverse instead of first gear.
Let's move on to the transmission
As for the transmission, it suffers most when driving at excessively high speeds. In racing cars, special transmissions are developed for this purpose that are able to withstand such driving conditions. In ordinary cars, under increased loads, the transmission very soon fails, especially if it is used ineptly.
What to consider when choosing a box
Technical characteristics of Lada-Kalina (VAZ-1117, 1118, 1119)
When selecting a new transmission, there are a number of nuances that need to be taken into account. These include shape, size, torque and more. But you can pick up almost any of the front-wheel drive Lada.
Shape and dimensions
All front-wheel drive Lada cars are similar to each other. Manual transmission 2108 appeared on models 2108, 2109 and 21099. Subsequently, it migrated to 2110, 2111, 2112, 2113, 2114, 2115 in a slightly modified form for different needs. The Priora received a modified box from the “ten”. “Kalina” and “Granta” are very similar to the “nine” in their design, therefore the dimensions and shape are identical. “Automatic” and “robot” were specially developed for these cars, so it’s the same here. Any will do.
Permissible torque
The Kalina’s torque is about 120-148 Nm, the G8’s is 79-186 Nm. The 2108-2112 transmission was designed for higher torque. Starting from 2113 to “Kalina” and “Grants” the torque dropped and the gearbox became a little weaker.
Design features, gearbox design on the Lada Kalina Lada Kalina VAZ 1118
Light on the road: characteristics and rules for replacing Lada Kalina headlights
The input shaft 29 (Fig. 5.2) of the gearbox is made in the form of a block of drive gears, which are in constant engagement with the driven gears of all forward gears. The secondary shaft 25 is hollow, with a removable drive gear 3 of the main gear. On the secondary shaft of the gearbox there are driven gears 16, 18, 19, 21, 23 and synchronizers 17, 20, 24 for forward gears. Front bearings 4, 31 roller shafts, rear 22, 28 - ball. Under the front bearing of the secondary shaft of the gearbox there is an oil sump 5, which directs the flow of oil into the secondary shaft and further under the driven gears.
The differential is two-satellite. The preload in the differential bearings is adjusted by selecting the thickness of the ring 13. The driven gear 12 of the main gear is attached to the differential box flange. A master ring 7 of the magnetoelectric speed sensor is installed on one of the axles of the differential box.
The gearbox control drive consists of gear shift lever 11 (Fig. 5.3), a ball joint, rod 10 and a gear selection mechanism (installed in the gearbox housing).
The reverse gear lock is controlled by a solenoid mounted on the gearbox housing, which, in turn, is controlled by switch 13 mounted on gear shift lever 11.
On a Lada Kalina car, the gear selection mechanism is made as a separate unit and is attached to the plane of the clutch housing inside the gearbox.
In housing 9 (Fig. 5.4) of the gear selection mechanism, two axes are fixed. Axle 3 is equipped with a three-arm gear selector lever 2 and two locking brackets 7 and 11. The other axis 1 passes through the holes of the locking brackets, securing them from turning. Shoulder b
three-arm lever 2 is used to engage forward gears, arm
a
is used to engage reverse gear, and the third arm is affected by the lever of the gear selection rod, connected through a cardan joint to rod 10 (see Fig. 5.3) of the gearbox control drive. On axle 6 (see Fig. 5.4) there is a fork 8 for engaging reverse gear.
Rice. 5.4. Gear selection mechanism:
1 - guide axis of locking brackets; 2 — three-arm lever; 3 — axis of the gear selector lever; 4, 10 - spring; 5 - retaining ring; 6 — reverse fork axis; 7, 11 — locking brackets; 8 — reverse gear fork; 9 — housing of the gear selection mechanism; a - arm of a three-arm lever for engaging reverse gear; b - arm of a three-arm lever for selecting forward gears
Rice. 5.3. Gear shift drive Lada Kalina VAZ 1118:
1 - damper bushing; 2 — spacer sleeve; 3, 16, 20 — nuts; 4, 8, 18 — bolts; 5 — protective cover; 6 — retaining ring; 7 — ball joint housing; 9, 21 — coupling clamps; 10 — transmission control drive rod; 11 — gear shift lever; 12 — clamp for fastening the wiring harness; 13 — reverse gear lock control solenoid switch; 14 — gear lever handle; 15 — washer; 17 — cover of the gear lever handle; 19 — jet thrust
Rice. 5.2. Gearbox Lada Kalina VAZ 1118:
1 — clutch release bearing; 2 — guide sleeve of the clutch release bearing; 3 - main gear drive gear; 4 — roller bearing of the secondary shaft; 5 - oil sump; 6 — satellite axis; 7 — speed sensor master ring; 8 — axle gear; 9 — differential box; 10 — satellite; 11 — clutch housing; 12 — driven gear of the main gear; 13 — adjusting ring; 14 — tapered roller bearing of the differential; 15 — axle shaft seal; 16 — driven gear of the 1st gear of the secondary shaft; 17 — synchronizer of 1st and 3rd gears; 18 — driven gear of the second gear of the secondary shaft; 19 — driven gear of the third gear of the secondary shaft; 20 — synchronizer for 3rd and 4th gears; 21 — driven gear of the fourth gear of the secondary shaft; 22 — ball bearing of the secondary shaft; 23 — driven gear V of the secondary shaft transmission; 24 — 5th gear synchronizer; 25 - secondary shaft; 26 — rear cover of the gearbox housing; 27 — drive gear of the 5th gear; 28 — ball bearing of the input shaft; 29 — input shaft; 30 — gearbox housing; 31 — roller bearing of the input shaft; 32 — input shaft oil seal; 33 - breather
Device
Cars in the first generation were equipped with a five-speed manual transmission VAZ-2181, with five forward gears and one reverse gear. The mechanism is based on the well-known gearbox from the VAZ-2108 with minor upgrades. The gearbox is combined with the main gear and differential.
The Kalina gearbox is designed as standard. It consists of the main drive gear, secondary and input shafts, gear forks, reverse sensor, housing, gear shift mechanism and central lock.
Manufacturers thought for a long time about what and how to improve in the gearbox mechanism, as a result they decided not to interfere with the gear mechanism, otherwise huge costs would be required to launch the gearbox into series. Without the necessary equipment, it is impossible to obtain the proper quality of gear engagement and synchronizers.
The VAZ-1117 (“Kalina”) gearbox is the first for which AvtoVAZ specialists made a computer calculation of each part in the mechanism that is subject to loads. Crankcases, forks, levers and other elements were calculated and simulated using special software. Thus, the design was not only optimized, but also more reliable.
Interesting Facts
What is a car pump and why is it needed?
Let's look at the interesting facts that we managed to learn about the new Lada Granta gearbox:
- The VAZ-2181 gearbox will not be installed on the Priora, since the designers considered that it would not be cost-effective to redo the entire design of the power units.
- The cost of Lada Grant and Kalina 2 increased by 5000-7000 rubles. with the introduction of a new gearbox into the car.
- According to reviews from car owners, the first copies of cable-driven gearboxes were not entirely successful and had quite a lot of flaws: vibration became audible after 70-80 thousand mileage, howling of the gearbox, increased wear of parts, etc. Based on this, the manufacturer made adjustments to the design and improved the characteristics, but many car owners had a negative impression of the VAZ-2181 cable-driven gearbox.
- The AVTOVAZ plant continues to develop and modernize a new gearbox, which will become the second generation of cable gearboxes. It is planned to install it on the 2nd generation Lada Granta, which is currently under development. The designers promise to take into account the experience gained during the development of the first generation and not allow such an oversight a second time.
Repair, features and technical specifications
Inside a VAZ 21118 car, like any other, there is always a gearbox. For a model such as Kalina 1118, this device is a mechanical type design, which is equipped with one reverse stage, as well as 5 forward stages.
Gearbox from Lada Kalina.
In Lada Kalina, the gearbox is structurally combined with a differential, the main gear. Transmission differential repair should also take this into account.
The mechanism body of the VAZ Kalina car is presented in the form of three aluminum copper crankcases:
Special sealants are applied between them when assembling and repairing the gearbox.
Driving principles
Before you figure out at what speed to change gears, it is advisable to at least superficially study the basic principles of interaction between the power unit and transmission. Having a little understanding of how these two components of the car work together will make it much easier to understand the principle of gear shifting. It should immediately be noted that different engine models have different rules for manipulating the transmission. But as for the average family car, the driving principle is very similar for all. A completely different technique is used on sports cars that take part in races.
Oil
With the introduction of the new box, the amount of oil also changed. Thus, for the VAZ-2181 gearbox, the oil volume decreased by 30%. The requirements for oil have also changed - AvtoVAZ switched from mineral to synthetic gear oils. This applies to both old gearbox models and new ones. The manufacturer pours oil into the gearbox and writes in the instructions that it will last for 5 years or for the entire life of the gearbox. But in reality it needs to be changed.
The oil life of the Kalina gearbox is approximately 30 thousand km. You can choose any of the domestic transmission products as gearbox oil. Thus, domestic car enthusiasts speak well of the products of Lukoil and Rosneft. You can also purchase imported oils - for example from Zic. The box will say “thank you” for this.
Replacing a manual transmission
If the circumstances were not the most favorable, and you still had to resort to replacing the Kalina gearbox, you need to know the correct sequence for dismantling the transmission.
Preparation
Before removing the gearbox, read the vehicle's operating instructions or watch a video about replacing the gearbox on a Kalina.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=gi3AALz3998%3F
After this, prepare your work area. Replacing the gearbox on Kalina is carried out only when the car has cooled down. Raise the car on a lift or drive it into a pit. Don't forget about safety requirements. Ask a partner for help to carefully remove the gearbox.
Be sure to drain the transmission oil to prevent it from leaking when you remove it.
Tools
Prepare the necessary tools - wrenches and sockets of various sizes, a wheel wrench, a jack, an empty container.
Removing the box step by step
The first step is to unscrew the engine protection, which is secured with 6 bolts. The next step is to drain the oil from the gearbox - to do this, unscrew the filler and drain plugs of the gearbox.
- Remove the battery for convenience and to avoid spontaneous short circuits. The battery platform will also be in the way, so unscrew the 4 bolts securing it.
- Disconnect the throttle cable. To do this, remove the special bracket that secures it and pull out the cable.
- Remove the air filter. After disconnecting the main pipe, pull out the filter housing towards you. Under it you can see the clutch cable, which is located next to the starter; unscrew it as well.
- The next step is to unscrew and remove the starter, which also makes it difficult to get to the box. Now jack up the car and remove the front wheels.
- After removing the wheels, unhook the left drive. Now you need to hang the engine on a hydraulic jack. Remove the right drive. Be sure to insert the differential lock plug to prevent the planetary gear from flying out. In the case of a cable box, loosen the fastenings slightly so that the cable drives can be disconnected from above.
- Having unhooked the rocker arm from the box (by loosening the clamp), disconnect the torque rod. More precisely, you need to remove the part that is closer to the gearbox driveshaft.
- Hang the box on a hydraulic foot or special support. A “cushion” is screwed next to the cardan - unscrew it from both the body and the transmission, it is secured with bolts from the end side. Then you can easily crawl to the right front drive, which needs to be removed.
- To remove the box from the engine, unscrew the 4 bolts around its perimeter.
- The box is free. All that remains is to carefully lower her to the ground, pulling her out from under the car. If dismantling is carried out in a pit, then ask your partner for help to remove the gearbox without dropping it.
Lada Kalina gearbox mounting bolt
The box can be replaced at a service station. The price for replacing a gearbox on Kalina starts at 5 thousand rubles.
Which box to choose
Replacing the Kalina gearbox involves installing a transmission that was installed on this model by the factory. Mechanical gearboxes are considered the most reliable.
They are easy to repair and maintain and do not require special skills from the car owner during repairs.
When switching from one system to another, significant modifications to the Lada Kalina are required. The price for a gearbox with rigid traction is about 15 thousand rubles. If you have a new Kalina model, and it has a cable-driven gearbox, you will have to pay 25 rubles for a new unit.
Installing the box step by step
The step-by-step installation process is similar to its dismantling, only in reverse order. With the help of a partner, install it in its place, connecting the splines of the gearbox input shaft and the engine crankshaft, connect all attachments and pipes. Pour transmission oil into the box. The replacement of the gearbox on the Lada Kalina is almost complete. Connect and adjust the rocker rod drive.
Installing a gearbox on a car
Start the car, let it warm up, inspect the engine compartment for leaks, try changing gears. The move should be soft and without extraneous sounds. If so, the box is installed correctly. Turn off the car.
After the car has cooled down, install the engine protection.
Backstage adjustment
Adjusting the gearbox linkage on the Kalina-1 comes down to finding and securing its optimal position on the drive shaft, which is ensured automatically, synchronously with the selection of the lever position in the car interior. Its longitudinal movement during adjustment can be only a few millimeters. When changing the location of the tension clamp, it is important not to go beyond the length of the gearbox drive shaft pin. Excessive force for fixing the nut is unacceptable. The knurling on the surface of the rod ensures reliable fastening at the junction of two parts of the mechanism.
What automatic transmissions are installed on Kalina?
On second-generation Lada Kalina cars, three types of gearboxes were installed from the factory (unlike Kalina-1, which had only one gearbox): a manual gearbox, an automatic gearbox and an AMT robotic manual transmission.
AMT
AMT was created on the basis of the manual transmission MKPP-2180 and bears the index AMT-2182. Unlike mechanics, control and selection of gears here is carried out not by the driver, but by the system in which the program is embedded. Although AMT is something completely new for the Russian auto industry, at the same time, leading automobile companies in Europe and Japan have long abandoned them in favor of newer preselective robots with two clutches.
AMT-2182
The box contains three driving modes:
- movement in automatic mode, when the automation takes over the entire process of control and gear selection;
- driving in manual mode - in this case, the driver himself will change gears by moving the shift selector knob back and forth, but the clutch will be depressed by the robot;
- Reverse mode - back.
Hydraulic automatic
In addition to manual transmission and AMT, the Lada Kalina has a Jatco gearbox. This is a fairly old hydraulic automatic machine from the manufacturer Jatko. This box has the index JF414E. This automatic transmission contains all the classic modes that are found on 4-speed gearboxes:
- parking;
- reverse gear;
- neutral;
- drive.
There are also two modes in which the car will pick up speed only in second or first gear. The result is six operating modes. To move the selector, you must press the brake pedal and also hold the button on the selector itself.
