➤ installing a mass switch on a VAZ

Battery disconnect switches became quite widespread about 40 years ago. They were installed on Soviet and imported cars.

The switch had 2 main tasks. This is the organization of a rather simple but effective anti-theft system, as well as protection against current leakage while the vehicle is parked.

Currently, the tasks facing such devices have not changed. At the same time, many motorists continue to be interested in the possibility of installation.

Terminal care

To maintain battery terminals in working condition, it is necessary to take proper care of them in a timely manner. To do this, do the following:

Remove the battery;
Prepare a strong solution of baking soda. The terminals are lowered into it. You should keep them in the solution for about 5 minutes. During this time, bubbles can be seen rising from the metal. The terminals are removed when the bubbles stop flowing;
The removed terminals are inspected; they should not be severely damaged by corrosion. Wipe the terminals;
Apply special lubricant or technical petroleum jelly to the contact points.

Prevention should be carried out at least 2 times a year. Experienced motorists recommend doing this in spring and autumn. Article on the topic “How to lubricate battery terminals.”

Types and design of mass switches

How to install fog lights on a grant?
Currently, there are two fundamentally different types of remote mass switches:

Electromagnetic switches;
Electronic (thyristor) switches.

Electronic switches are built on the basis of thyristors; they have gained popularity among owners of domestic passenger cars VAZ, Niva and others. Such switches are designed for low currents, so they are not suitable for trucks; for heavy vehicles, electromagnetic switches are used, which will be discussed below.

The basis of the mass switch is a housing (usually cylindrical), which contains three components:

An electromagnet with an armature and a rod is located in the upper part. Usually the anchor is combined with a button, closed with a sealed rubber cap. On the side of the switch body there are two terminals for supplying current to the winding;
Latch (mechanism for transmitting force from the armature to the contact device) - located in the middle part, it ensures the transfer of force from the armature to the contact device and fixes the contacts in the closed position (the same mechanism is used in conventional buttons with locking);
Contact device - located at the bottom of the switch, consists of a contact disk mounted on a latch and two power terminals (threaded with nuts).

The mass switch operates as follows. When a short-term current is supplied to the winding of the electromagnet, its armature is retracted, and the rod connected to it through the latch sets the contact device in motion - the contact disk connects the terminals and the battery is connected to ground. In this case, the latch is installed in this position and ensures constant pressing of the disk to the contacts. After connecting the battery to ground, supplying current to the electromagnet is no longer necessary, since the contact device is held in place by a clamp.

To disconnect the battery from ground, you need to apply current to the electromagnet winding again, the armature will retract again and push the rod onto the latch - in this case, the latch will switch and raise the contact disk. As a result, the battery will be disconnected from ground.

You can also control the switch manually. For this purpose, it has a button that is directly connected to the electromagnet armature. When you press the button, the armature enters the electromagnet winding and all the processes described above occur.

Varieties

There are several options for used mass switches.

They are:

thyristor;
manual;
remote electromechanical (relay-based).

Manual devices are mainly used on trucks and special equipment. Such systems can operate under conditions of high currents of up to 1000 A. They are also successfully used in passenger cars.

The most convenient disconnectors are those that are located on the battery terminals and are intended specifically for passenger cars. The remote type of switch can be installed on trucks and passenger cars. Control is carried out from the cabin using a special hidden button.

Powerful thyristors rated at 160-320 A are also suitable for passenger cars. The control can also be hidden. But thyristors do not always withstand high currents when starting an internal combustion engine.

Tips and tricks

How to install PTF on a VAZ 2114 and change the light bulbs in them

Here are the basic recommendations for correctly installing the main switch:

if there are electronic devices in the car (all new cars now have them) that require adjustment, after turning off the mass, you will have to re-set the time and other settings;
if the security system design has an autonomous siren, then the siren turns on and starts making a sound when the “mass” is turned off;
if the car alarm design does not have an autonomous siren, then after turning off the mass of the car, the entire security system of the car is also turned off;
When the mass is turned off in injection cars, the controller is turned off, in which all accumulated information is erased.

After some time, depending on operating conditions (in particular, high humidity), the contacts of the device undergo corrosion, which leads to an increase in current resistance. Transient high resistance is sensitive for a conventional or gear starter, so it is advisable to lubricate the contacts with lithol or special petroleum jelly.

Video

In this video, the skillful hands of experienced drivers make a button for remotely switching off the car's weight with their own hands.

Tips and recommendations on how to choose a weight for a car.

This video shows the choice of location, how to install and connect the button from a Kamaz car to a Mercedes car.

And this is for those who want to do it completely with their own hands.

There are several ways to create a mass switch. Anyone who bought mass buttons or made them themselves, write in the comments.

Installation

How to install an alarm with your own hands

Before you start installing the switch on the car, you need to choose it correctly

To do this, it is recommended to first pay attention to the type and model of the vehicle. You should also take into account parameters such as:

mains voltage;
current indicators.

For KAMAZ and other large vehicles, ground buttons with a voltage of 12V and a current of 50A are suitable. Installing the button is not difficult. To install it you will need:

Connect the negative battery terminal wire to the button contact.
Connect the free wire to the body of the bus or engine. For connections, it is recommended to use wires with a larger cross-section to ensure a reliable flow of high currents.
Connect a small cross-section wire to one of the power contacts connected to the negative terminal.
Lead the wire from the second contact of the coil to the button. Additionally, provision should be made for installing a 5A fuse on the circuit.
Connect the second contact of the button to the positive terminal using any wire.

After this, you can begin operating the vehicle. To organize reliable operation of the device, it is recommended to use a non-latching button, which, after pressing, can open the circuit and return to its original position.

In most trucks and various models of PAZ buses, a special means is used to protect the battery from unexpected discharge when it comes to long-term parking of the vehicle. The KAMAZ remote weight button serves as such a means. It is worth taking a closer look at its features, operating principle and design.

Where to begin

Before installing the mass switch, you need to select it in accordance with the technical characteristics of the car. This can be done in a specialized organization. Services in this direction are provided by an online store operated by VDS-Torg LLC. The company supplies the market with spare parts for Bogdan, Etalon, Ataman buses, as well as for Tata and Isuzu trucks. Here the interested buyer finds:

Only certified goods.
High level of service.
Individual approach to the client - all his wishes are taken into account, the best options for spare parts are offered based on the price and technical characteristics of the vehicles on which they are planned to be installed.

A reliable mass switch can be found in the Bogdan spare parts catalog, which includes over 1000 items, here is a good model. All components are new, supplied directly from the manufacturer. The price of parts and components in the VDS online store is confirmed with the manager.

Tips and tricks

Here are the basic recommendations for correctly installing the main switch:

if there are electronic devices in the car (all new cars now have them) that require adjustment, after turning off the mass, you will have to re-set the time and other settings;
if the security system design has an autonomous siren, then the siren turns on and starts making a sound when the “mass” is turned off;
if the car alarm design does not have an autonomous siren, then after turning off the mass of the car, the entire security system of the car is also turned off;
When the mass is turned off in injection cars, the controller is turned off, in which all accumulated information is erased.

Ground button: how to make a switch, tips

As a rule, automobile factories do not install a special button or mechanism that would turn off the power to the mass. Ground (-) is called negative power supply. The negative from the battery is connected to the car body. Having the ability to disconnect the ground without disconnecting from the battery terminal, there is convenience and protection of the car from fire in the event of a short circuit and protection against theft.

articles:

Power off button

A battery ground disconnect device (BMA) is a mechanism that short-circuits or opens the negative cable in a vehicle's electrical wiring. The switch is implemented using a button or toggle switch, which is installed in the passenger compartment so that the driver can safely turn off the power without opening the hood or disconnecting the negative terminal from the battery.

Before you buy a car weight switch button, you should decide on its purpose. If you need a switch just to disconnect the power, then you can buy and install a cheap button. And, if you need a switch as an additional means of protection against vehicle theft, then you need a button of a more complex design.

But, basically, the main switch is installed for safety, and not as an anti-theft device.

How to make a power switch with your own hands

For those who want to create a shutdown mechanism themselves, there is a simple circuit for manufacturing. This type of switch will have no mechanical contacts. It can be used as a means of protection against car theft.

Circuit diagram of the mass switch The device has two conductors: a diode, a trinistor.

The thyristor in this mechanism is an electronic relay, which is switched on when pulses appear on the control electrode.

S1 is mounted inside the car in a hidden place. If you close the contacts of S1, then the desired impulse will appear, which will go to the thyristor, as a result of which it is unlocked, which leads to a decrease in resistance and current flows through the electrical wiring.

What does the main switch mechanism consist of?

The SCR allows current to flow in only one direction, from the battery to the network, but not from the network to the battery.

To allow the battery to be charged from the generator, a diode is installed in parallel with the SCR. The parts of the device are mounted on a duralumin corner. The wires used are stranded.

How to install a mass switch in a car:

The thyristor has a cathode (+) terminal. The battery terminal is connected to the cathode. The structure assembly must be installed in a metal casing.
Next, you should stretch the stranded wire from the engine compartment to the passenger compartment. The hole can be drilled, it can be found nearby in other wires.
We mount the button or toggle switch on the steering column, having previously removed the cover from the steering column and drilled a blind hole in it of the required diameter to place the switch there.
We connect one contact of the button or toggle switch to the ground (-) of the car, the second to the positive.

Tips and tricks

Here are the basic recommendations for correctly installing the main switch:

if there are electronic devices in the car (all new cars now have them) that require adjustment, after turning off the mass, you will have to re-set the time and other settings;
if the security system design has an autonomous siren, then the siren turns on and starts making a sound when the “mass” is turned off;
if the car alarm design does not have an autonomous siren, then after turning off the mass of the car, the entire security system of the car is also turned off;
When the mass is turned off in injection cars, the controller is turned off, in which all accumulated information is erased.

In this video, the skillful hands of experienced drivers make a button for remotely switching off the car's weight with their own hands.

Tips and recommendations on how to choose a weight for a car.

This video shows the choice of location, how to install and connect the button from a Kamaz car to a Mercedes car.

And this is for those who want to do it completely with their own hands.

How to assemble it yourself

If you decide to install a device that allows you to disconnect the ground from the battery, you can do it yourself.

Of course, you can do without complex systems by simply lifting the hood and manually removing the terminal. But you must admit that turning it off with a button from inside the cabin is much easier and more convenient.

Give preference to simple circuits that use a button and mechanical contacts. This is an excellent choice for those who want to improve the efficiency of an already installed security system.

To make a remote shutdown, you will need:

button type S1;
SCR;
diode;
wiring;
insulation, etc.

A thyristor is a thyristor that has 3 electrical terminals. Namely the cathode, anode and control electrode.

The device assembly diagram itself can be represented as follows:

The thyristor takes on the functions of an electric relay. It will be triggered when a pulse appears from the control electrode.
You should choose a secret place to place the control button. When the contacts are closed on it, a pulse will appear for further operation of the system.
The pulse, reaching the trinistor, provides unlocking. As a result, the resistance drops sharply and a powerful current passes through the system.
Due to the use of an SCR, the current will flow only from the battery to the on-board network.
In order for the battery to receive a charge from the generator when the engine is running, a diode must be installed in parallel with the thyristor.
Installation is best done using duralumin steel fasteners. One shelf of the duralumin corner is required for mounting semiconductors, and on the second one you can make holes for fasteners for connection to the body.
Stranded wires are used for wiring.

When all elements are combined into one circuit, when the button is pressed from the passenger compartment, the ground will open. This will prevent consumers from receiving power from the battery.

Why do Soviet cars have Massa?

I am sure that many who still found the good old “Muscovites”, “Zhiguli” and “Zaporozhets” from their grandfathers (or maybe even owned them themselves) probably remember the atmosphere of these cars well. Their indescribable smell of comfort in the cabin, the headliner with a hole in it, perhaps the braid on the steering wheel, perhaps some other elements of decoration and “tuning” :)

However, other elements inherent to the time were often encountered. More technical. For example - a mysterious mass switch, or simply “mass”) Correcting some malfunctions often began with the question “is there mass?” and always in childhood it was not clear - what kind of mysterious mass is this and why is it needed?

The answer, I think you yourself know very well: in most modern passenger cars, the on-board network uses direct current, with a voltage of about 12 Volts. In order not to unnecessarily create too many wires, only positive wires go to electricity consumers (lamps, radios, etc.), and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the body. The body is steel, conducts current well, and plays the role of a “negative” wire. This is the same “mass” :) So, as I already said, the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the body. If reliable contact disappears between the consumer (and the engine is also a consumer! The spark plugs are the same - without mass) reliable contact disappears, then, as you understand, this device or unit will not work: the plus comes to it, but the minus does not

Therefore, it is especially important to have reliable “mass” in everything - from the engine to the headlights

As it logically follows from the above, if you accidentally drop the positive wire on the car body, there will be a short circuit, followed by burnout of the wire, damage to the wiring and a potential fire :)

The ground switch allows you to open the connection between the negative battery and the body. By and large, this is similar to throwing off the terminal. But why was it staged, and so en masse at that?

Well, I would probably highlight two main reasons here. Firstly, we must assume that periodically some electrical problems occurred in the car. The owners were often electricians, so as a result of such repairs, some problems were solved, while others were created. Oxidizing twists, blue electrical tapes, secret nano-boxes - all this, multiplied by years and aging, created unknown “leaks” of electricity, which at best drained the battery, at worst created the smell of heated insulation. In short, it was easier to install the coveted “ground” button than to understand the car’s electrical system and look for the cause of the leaks.

Secondly, this function could partly serve as some kind of simple anti-theft device. Being well hidden (and original), the main switch could put a potential car thief in a slight stupor. About 30 seconds. Then he would simply throw the pre-stored wire over the body and battery.

Well, everything is clear with the advantages of a switchable minus - but does this minus have any disadvantages?

(That’s a pun, give it a like :)) The disadvantage follows almost from the advantages - it would seem that you can now turn off the mass quickly.
However, everyone put the switch wherever they wanted, and often it was somewhere under the hood, which somewhat devalues the speed of shutdown and accessibility. Structurally, this was also done differently, some have switches, some have screws, some have push-button switches - in any case, they have a common drawback - sooner or later the switches oxidize, acquire noticeable resistance and heat up. Becoming a threat themselves, and sometimes making starting the engine impossible. In general, I think that this thing is completely unnecessary, because the best ground switch is good wiring. If the wiring is in good working order, I don’t see any need for such switches - that’s why they are not there from the factory. Today, when I see a “mass switch” on some purchased Moskvich, after some inspection of the wiring, I throw all this electrical creativity to the dogs. The wiring must be in good working order and standard.
Source

Where is the mass located on the VAZ

Cars from domestic manufacturers are the most common, so first of all you should understand the location of the mass attachment points in them. This will allow you to quickly check, as well as periodically inspect the connections in order to tighten or redo them. Most often, problems with weight on a VAZ arise at the following attachment points:

Battery. A double wire comes from it. The first one is thick (about a centimeter) and is attached to the engine. Its large cross-section is due to the high load during startup when the starter rotates. A thin wiring ensures the operation of all electrical equipment on the car, and in models with a carburetor it is also responsible for the engine.
The electronic engine control system (ECM) is grounded from the engine to a specially welded stud, which is located differently in different models. Therefore, the easiest way is to study the documentation to find the mounting point on the body. Very often the connection at the factory is not made well enough, so problems arise with this particular element.
The mass on the instrument panel may be located in one or more places. In the simplest versions, the mounting point is located on the steering column mounting amplifier. But most often there are several wires, they are hidden behind the panel and access to them can be significantly difficult.
There is also a lot on other energy consumers - headlights, lighting, etc. Everything is a little simpler there - after removing the trim, you can trace where the wiring goes and find the place where it is attached to the body.

Important!
Often, during repairs, people change the mass attachment points, which makes them difficult to find later. It is better not to deviate unnecessarily from the factory scheme and follow it.

Each model has its own characteristics. Moreover, even the same modification may have differences due to the fact that different engines are installed or the equipment is very different. Ideally, it is better to first understand the electrical wiring diagram.

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Pay attention to technological nuances

A good switch is equipped with fuses and serves to de-energize the car battery. It is this circumstance that poses an additional problem for potential hijackers. If you decide to purchase a power switch, make sure it is new. Don't use a used one! In this state, the VM will easily damage the electrical system of the machine.

When the battery is de-energized, there is a high probability that the car computer will turn off. This, in turn, threatens failures, such as erasing from memory information necessary for full operation. How to prevent such a development of events, what energy source to buy and how to connect it - these issues should be discussed with professionals.

Read more: All-wheel drive on the Tiguan

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Installation process

Having figured out how to disconnect the mass of a car battery, you should discuss the issue of installing the system.

There are several sequential steps to figure out how to install a system that turns off the ground on your battery.

A car battery switch selected for assembly and installation with your own hands is mounted according to the following algorithm:

The connector terminal from the battery is connected to the output of the SCR cathode. The structure is assembled and placed in an appropriate metal housing.
The control wire is pulled into the cabin from the engine compartment.
To install the system without drilling additional holes in the body, brake pipe holders are often used. It is enough to remove the bottom to get a hole for pulling wires.
A toggle switch or button, thanks to which the terminal will open, is installed on the steering column. Or choose another place that suits you.
Then the wire going to ground is connected to one terminal of the thyristor, and the control wire is connected to the other.

If you plan to use the switch as an additional anti-theft device, choose a high power diode.

Take an ohmmeter to measure the internal resistance of the diode when it is on. Make sure that the voltage does not drop below 0.5-0.6 V. Otherwise, the battery will not be able to charge.

As a result, the battery is disconnected if necessary; there is no need to open the hood and reset the mass. Simple installation of a button and a couple of elements will ensure quick and convenient shutdown.

Preparing to disconnect the battery

Although the removal and installation procedure is a completely familiar process for all car enthusiasts, you should pay attention to safety rules, how to properly remove the terminals from the battery, in what sequence, how to disconnect the battery so as not to harm the car

Necessary equipment

If you know which wire to remove from the battery first, disconnecting is not a difficult process, provided you follow certain rules:

remove the battery cover;
Use a metal brush to remove accumulated dust;
determine which key is needed to remove the terminal;
prepare a screwdriver, a set of keys, usually they are 8, 10 or 13 mm in size.

Safety precautions

It is better to wear gloves when disconnecting the battery. When removing a battery, an experienced driver should always know which terminal to remove first and how to remove the terminals from the battery in order to comply with safety precautions. The vents release hydrogen, which is explosive. A small spark from a short circuit can cause an explosion. It is better to carry out the removal work outdoors or in a ventilated area.

Before turning off the device, you need to carry out a number of mandatory procedures:

turn off the ignition;
guaranteed to turn off all electronics;
close the windows and doors, if the device is located in the trunk, close the hood;
turn off the mains switch, if there is one;
decide which terminal should be removed from the battery first;
when contacts are oxidized, do not hit them with pliers or a hammer, otherwise the plates will be destroyed;
remove the terminal from the battery with negative polarity, in this case it is necessary to position the negative wire with the connector in such a way that it does not dangle, does not interfere with further actions and cannot return to its original place;
remove the positive connector;
After removing the battery, do not throw or hit the battery to avoid liquid leakage inside;
The removed device cannot be stored at low temperatures so that the plates do not fall off.

The procedure for removing battery terminals for foreign cars is the same as for domestic cars.

Typical malfunctions, repair and maintenance of the mass switch

The switch and the entire electrical circuit associated with it are reliable and can serve for many years without problems. However, if the switch is poorly positioned (for example, if it is poorly protected from moisture and dirt), corrosion may occur in it, which will lead to poor contact between the contact disk and the terminals, as well as between the terminals and the wires connected to them. In this case, the switch can be disassembled and cleaned.

Sometimes more serious malfunctions of the switch are possible - breakage of the electromagnet winding, breakage of the latch, sagging or breakage of springs, deformation of the armature rod, and others. In these cases, it is much easier and cheaper to completely replace the switch.

With proper installation and careful operation, the remote main switch will protect the battery from loss of charge and the car from theft for a long time, without requiring any attention.

Signs of lack of mass

If contact is broken or absent, various problems can arise. If they are not eliminated, this can lead to the failure of entire electronic components or excessive heating of connections, which can lead to a fire. The most common symptoms of this malfunction are:

The car won't start. When you turn the key, the starter does not turn, although all the lights are on and the battery is charging normally.
The engine starts poorly, the starter rotates with noticeable effort, as if it is working under too high a load.
Electrical equipment sometimes works, sometimes it doesn’t. Very often, along with this, there is a failure of fuses.
Fuel consumption increases. Car enthusiasts look for problems in the fuel system, although they should have started with the negative wires.
Unstable idle speed and interruptions in engine operation.
The sensors do not work correctly, they may periodically fail to function, and sometimes their needles swing when turns are turned on.
The battery is not fully charged.
The headlights shine differently. One side is much brighter than the other.
When turning on the turn, other elements also flash - brake light, reverse lamp, etc. In this case, the dimensions most often light up dimly or also blink.
The radio starts wheezing when it's loud. If the mass is very bad, then this is also observed at the average sound level.

For your information! When one device is turned on, another may work. For example, instead of a turn signal, a wiper turns on, etc. Often equipment that is not connected to each other is started at the same time.

There are also other possible problems, it all depends on the model of the machine and the features of its electrical equipment. It often happens that a motorist checks one grounding point, but in fact there are two or more. To completely eliminate the mass problem, you need to find all the elements.

Installation of the mains switch

Installing a power switch is not a difficult task and can be accomplished in a few simple steps:

It is necessary to connect the negative wire to one terminal of the toggle switch.
Connect a new wire of the same cross-section from the switch to the battery terminal.

This is the simplest method of the most primitive mass breakers. If you do not want to place the breaker under the hood, but want to hide it somewhere, then you will need to lay a new, longer line of wires. The connection diagram does not change, the main thing is to insulate everything well, connect it and place it in a protective casing so that the wires do not fray or short out.

How to install a remote master switch

Installing a remote mass switch is not much different from a simple one. The only difference is that the system was made more clever and finding the mass breaker was much more difficult. If you break down the installation step by step, you can get the following sequence:

As with a conventional breaker, the switch is mounted in the engine compartment, closer to the battery. This is required to reduce the length of the “mass” wire.
Connect the negative wire from the battery to the terminals of the ground switch.
At one output, the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the electromagnet winding. The second is to the switch button, which is located in any convenient place in the car.
The second output on the breaker switch button is connected to the ground of the car. This can be either the vehicle body or any “+” electrical equipment.

And most importantly, when you install a remote power switch in the cabin, attach a fuse to the button. Auto electricians say that the most ordinary 5 A is enough.

Connecting a mass breaker to bypass the alarm

For those who want to protect their car from theft and not turn off the power supply to the entire car, you can use this installation method.

A thin wire with a fuse is attached to the negative terminal. By consulting with an auto electrician, you can select the optimal wire cross-section. Ideally, it should withstand only the alarm, the fuse is the same. This wire is connected to the car body through a fuse. This wire is enough to power the alarm, but when you try to start the engine, the fuse blows and the car won’t start at all.

This option fits perfectly with a remote mass breaker and protects the car well from theft.

What are the consequences of turning off the mass in modern cars?

Our grandfathers began to install the mass switch, if not earlier. Nowadays, this device is not so in demand, since all cars after 2000 are stuffed with various electronic systems. Disconnecting power from these systems often threatens to reset the settings.

But if you still decide to install a mass breaker, you should know the following:

When the mass is turned off, the time and date on the car will be reset. Also, the settings from the multimedia system may be lost.
When installing a breaker, an autonomous siren on the alarm system may go off. If there is no autonomous power supply, the security system may turn off and will not start again.
On cars with an injection type engine, when the power is turned off, all settings from the controllers are reset to factory settings.
Most auto electricians claim that if the mass spontaneously turns off while the ignition is on, the immobilizer can be released. This means that you can lose control at full speed, especially if the steering wheel locks while turning.

But what you really shouldn’t be afraid of, as many write on the forums, is that when the mass is turned off, the settings in the ECU are reset.

Procedure for disconnecting the battery in a car

Features of installing a car battery mass switch
It is important to follow a certain sequence of actions when disconnecting. Otherwise, you can get into trouble in the form of short circuits, failure of elements of the electrical system, or, quite simply, the remaining ignition key inside the car when the doors are locked.

So, the sequence of disconnecting the car battery.

1. Turn off all on-board network devices: stereo systems, headlights, running lights. You should check whether the interior or trunk lighting and other electrical equipment are turned off.

2. Turn off the ignition, remove the key and be sure to take it with you. Failure to comply with this requirement may lead to a situation where the key becomes locked inside the car. The reason is that many modern car security systems perceive disconnecting the terminals as a break-in attempt and block the doors to prevent it.

3. Remove the terminals from the battery.

Important! The following terminal removal sequence must be strictly followed. First you need to loosen the negative terminal, remove it, move it to the side and fix it in the removed position, and only then remove the positive

Do not completely unscrew the terminal fastenings. It is enough just to loosen them and, turning them left and right, carefully remove them without effort. If the terminal is oxidized, covered with a white coating and “stuck”, you should clean it with a stiff brush and use WD 40 or another similar product. After cleaning, you need to slightly twist the terminal to try to remove it. The main thing is to avoid too much force and not to try to disconnect it, no matter what. It’s better to waste time and wait for the terminal to free itself than to try to tear it out, damaging the contacts of the battery itself.

There is no need to listen to “advisers” who claim that the order of “resetting” the terminals can be anything. This is fundamentally wrong. It must be remembered that in cars the “mass” is the body. Therefore, if you disconnect the “+” first, then if you accidentally touch the car body, for example, with a wrench, a short circuit will occur with possible dire consequences - fuses and wiring may blow, contacts may burn, or worse, electrical appliances accidentally left on may fail.

If the task is to remove the battery, then you should release it from the mount and carefully pull it out. At the same time, we must remember that the battery is quite heavy, it is strictly forbidden to drop or turn it over and after removal it should only be placed horizontally.

The concept of a mass switch

The first thing you need to understand is the very essence of battery disconnect switches, since not everyone fully understands what we are talking about.

This eliminates the need to lift the hood every time, pick up a tool, or manually unscrew the fastening of the negative wire with the terminal from the terminal on the battery.

Before installing a breaker, consider what tasks it will perform on your vehicle. Given the variety of current anti-theft systems and security systems, few people will rely on the switch as a full-fledged alternative to the alarm system.

That is, the main reason for installation is rightly considered to be the desire to reduce the current losses observed during long-term parking with the minus connected. In this situation, it is quite possible to get by with a simple device or assemble it from scrap materials. If you want to make the circuit breaker part of the security system, it is better to get a factory-made device with good characteristics.

Given current conditions, the circuit breaker can perform 3 functions:

Turn off the on-board power supply. This is relevant if the car remains in a garage or parked for a long period of time. There is no need to go under the hood.
Additionally strengthen protective measures to protect the vehicle. It is interesting that in the pursuit of hacking modern alarm systems, many attackers forget about the old antiquated methods and do not know how to deal with them.
Disconnect the auxiliary battery. Some motorists install 2 batteries on their car at the same time. One is used as the main one, and the second feeds non-standard consumers. A circuit breaker allows one of them to be turned off as needed.

It is fair to say that the main emphasis is on preventing current leakage. Modern cars are filled with all kinds of electronics and electricity-dependent devices. Even in normal condition, the current loss will be 50–150 mA. And when problems arise, the leakage current increases noticeably and sometimes can completely discharge the battery in a short time.

Where is the mass located on other brands of cars?

There are a huge number of car models in use in the country and each has its own characteristics. At the same time, the same principles are used in all cars, which greatly simplifies the work of troubleshooting problems with weight on the car. It is impossible to understand each brand specifically, since it will take hundreds of pages; it is much easier to understand the general principles:

The location of the battery must be taken into account. With a standard arrangement, most often the wire is fixed on the front panel of the partition between the engine and the passenger compartment or on the side of the compartment. In some cars, the battery is located in the trunk or under the seat. Consequently, one ground wire will always be connected nearby, and the second is attached to the motor.
The engine management system and other electronic components are located differently, so the mounting points are searched after the fact. It must be remembered that electronics are very demanding and without normal mass, malfunctions immediately appear, which motorists often cannot associate with poor grounding. Often the wire is located in the connection block, which makes it difficult to find the place where it is fixed on the body.
As for the instrument panel, in modern cars there are most often several ground wires. You should carefully study the diagram to find all the mounting points and check them if malfunctions or other problems with the dashboard occur.
Lighting and other electrical equipment also require high-quality mass on the body. In modern cars, control units are most often used, therefore, if the minus is of poor quality, the operation of headlights or flashlights can be very disrupted. You should look for a contact near the problem area; most often it is hidden under the casing, which complicates the work.

For your information! For a quality check, it is better to use a multimeter. It happens that the contacts are reliable, but a wire breaks, which cannot be detected under the insulation. Using measurements it is easy to check whether the voltage is coming.

Regardless of the brand and model, the principle of connecting the mass is always the same; you can do the job without any experience. This does not require complex equipment or special knowledge. Poor contact on the body is visible to the naked eye, and often the nut or bolt that secures the terminal simply loosens.

How to de-minus the engine yourself

The procedure involves running additional wires to ground from the main sources of current consumption. For most cars, the minus is carried out from 4-6 sources:

minus generator;
mass from starter;
negative wire from the engine (preferably at least 2 points);
weight of the gearbox (if automatic transmission is available);
minus the body in the engine compartment (remote part from the battery);

Wires must be flexible, made of high quality pure copper with a minimum content of impurities. The use of wiring based on copper alloys is not recommended. Also, the wire must have a large cross-section

This is necessary to ensure the best conductivity of electrical current. Additionally, you will need to pay attention to the insulation of the wires. It must be durable, resistant to mechanical wear and have the ability to withstand significant temperature fluctuations (large heating in the engine compartment followed by cooling).

It is worth adding that you can purchase both ready-made solutions for sale and do the demining of the engine yourself. For manufacturing you will need a copper cable, heat shrink tubing and terminals. The length of the cable and the number of terminals will depend on how many devices are planned to be grounded to the body (connected to ground). After cutting the cable, you need to crimp the terminals and apply heat shrink in those places where the cable is exposed to connect to the terminal. The final stage will be the installation of the manufactured wires in the engine compartment of the car.

How does the engine start button work? Available options and solutions for installing the starter button yourself. How to install the engine start button yourself.

Signs of malfunction or breakdown of the high-voltage spark plug wire of the ignition system. How to check car armored wires with your own hands.

The starter clicks and/or buzzes, but the engine does not turn over. The main causes of starter failures, diagnosing and troubleshooting them yourself.

How to quickly start the engine with a discharged battery. Features and advantages of using an autonomous battery charger. Tips for choosing a booster.

Conditions for proper storage of a car battery. Removing, inspecting and preparing the battery. How to preserve your battery without regular recharging.

Basic methods for repairing a cracked engine block. Crack detection, repair by welding, riveting or applying an epoxy layer.

Source

What it is

First, you need to understand the essence of battery disconnect switches and understand what they are.

The switch allows you to turn off the power to the on-board network without removing the terminals from the battery.

When choosing a circuit breaker, you should think about exactly what functions the device will perform on the machine. If you want to minimize battery current loss, then just take a simple device or make it yourself. It is not difficult. If this is part of an anti-theft system, it is recommended to select a ready-made solution from a trusted manufacturer.

There are 3 main tasks that a switch (also known as a circuit breaker) performs:

turns off the power to the on-board network when the car is parked for a long time;
if there is a pair of batteries under the hood, one of the batteries (mostly the backup one) can be disconnected;
plays the role of simple anti-theft equipment.

It is interesting that now car thieves, armed with high-tech equipment, have begun to forget and have forgotten how to break into cars that have the simplest circuit breaker. Some attackers may not even realize that the machine has such a system.

As for protection against current leakage, this problem is widespread in modern cars. They are filled with various electrical equipment and consumers. When stopping the car, the current continues and the batteries flow to them. This includes an alarm system, a multimedia system, a car radio, and much more. This already depends on the specific configuration of the car.

The norm for leakage is considered to be 60-80 mA. Some say that even with leaks of about 150-200 mA, nothing bad will happen.

But imagine that in 24 hours you can lose 5 Ah in this way, in 10 days you will already have 50 Ah. And many batteries have such operating parameters.

If you leave the car parked for a long time, for 1-2 weeks, if you do not disconnect the battery mass, there is a high risk that when you try to start the engine or simply open the car, nothing will work.

A mass switch will help solve this problem.

What is a battery disconnect switch?

If we talk about any electrical device, tool or appliance, we understand that it works by being connected to a circuit, autonomous, local or global. This means that any circuit is a closed system. When it opens anywhere, the current stops flowing. Typically, switches are used for this purpose; a great variety of implementation methods have been invented, from toggle switches, registers, wheels to physical keys or virtual buttons. I pressed the remote control button - the TV, the vacuum cleaner, the light bulb turned on, I pressed it again - everything stopped working.

The principle of organizing an electrical circuit is simple: power is supplied through a wire called phase, the circuit is closed through a wire called “zero”. A switch, also known as a circuit breaker, is usually built into a phase. In many cases, for safety reasons, the neutral wire is grounded by connecting it to any global conductor. Usually the “ground” is attached to metal objects that are in direct contact with the ground. A case in point is home plumbing. This is done in order to protect the device in case of short-circuiting: the huge surface area significantly increases the current-carrying capabilities of the conductor, reducing the voltage in it to safe values.

Such a tap of the neutral wire onto a large metal surface is called a mass. The same principle is used for car batteries.

Different sections of the car’s on-board network can be disconnected and connected depending on the circumstances (actions provoked by the reaction of the ECU, other electronic systems, the driver or passenger), but in general the electrical circuit in some areas is always closed. To break it, they use the car's ground switch.

VMA is a device that allows you to turn off the power to the vehicle's on-board network without removing the battery terminals. There are various versions of such switches on the market, from the simplest models designed exclusively to perform a utilitarian task, to devices that allow you to organize an anti-theft system.

Long-term parking: what to remove and is it possible to disconnect one terminal

The battery is hard-wired to the car network. When the ignition is turned off, all consumers still do not turn off. The radio, alarm, and on-board computer take energy from the battery. In a few days, the battery will not be able to discharge. And after a month or more, the charge drops to such an extent that at least a recharge is needed.

To prevent the battery from draining, you need to disconnect the battery. The question arises, which terminal to remove from the battery when parked for a long time.

It would be more correct to remove both terminals on the battery, then it will be isolated from the effects of the car’s electrical equipment.

You can also remove the positive one, but then the car’s network will turn off. The weight of the body will affect the negative terminal, which will lead to faster self-discharge.

What else is important to know?

If you decide to install such a scheme, you should first consider several important points.

If there are devices and instruments in the car that require adjustment, in the event of a power failure, they will need to be periodically restored. This usually concerns setting the time, date, etc.
Opening the ground does not reset the odometer and does not reset the ECU settings, so there is no need to worry about this.
If your alarm system has an autonomous siren, it may be triggered in the event of a ground fault.
If the alarm does not have an autonomous power source, disconnecting the battery leads to automatic deactivation of the security system. It just won't work.
On vehicles with an injection type engine, if the ground is disconnected, the power to the controller is also turned off. This leads to the deletion of all accumulated information.
Periodically check the condition of the contacts and take resistance measurements. It is better to lubricate them with lithol, and also renew the lubricant.
Some experts agree that it is better not to use the switch for cars manufactured after 2000. If it accidentally operates while the ignition is on, the immobilizer may become unstuck. The motorist will lose the ability to access his own car. To restore work, you need the help of specialists and an impressive amount of money.
Disabling the mass leads to the loss of previously made settings in the multimedia system.

All this directly indicates that not everyone needs a mass switch and not always. And if you use it, then only when absolutely necessary.

Think carefully about the feasibility and necessity of using a car battery disconnect switch. Sometimes it makes sense to make a device yourself. But most are of the opinion that it is better to use factory solutions and involve experienced auto electricians. The choice is yours.

Terminal care

Types and design of mass switches

Varieties

Tips and tricks

Video

Installation

Where to begin

Tips and tricks

Ground button: how to make a switch, tips

Power off button

How to make a power switch with your own hands

Circuit diagram of the mass switch The device has two conductors: a diode, a trinistor.

How to install a mass switch in a car:

Tips and tricks

How to assemble it yourself

Why do Soviet cars have Massa?

Where is the mass located on the VAZ

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Pay attention to technological nuances

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—Applications

Installation process

Preparing to disconnect the battery

Necessary equipment

Safety precautions

Typical malfunctions, repair and maintenance of the mass switch

Signs of lack of mass

Installation of the mains switch

How to install a remote master switch

Connecting a mass breaker to bypass the alarm

What are the consequences of turning off the mass in modern cars?

Procedure for disconnecting the battery in a car

The concept of a mass switch

Where is the mass located on other brands of cars?

How to de-minus the engine yourself

What it is

What is a battery disconnect switch?

Long-term parking: what to remove and is it possible to disconnect one terminal

What else is important to know?

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