Reverse gear does not engage on VAZ 2114: troubleshooting

Sometimes during the operation of the car, motorists are faced with the fact that the reverse gear on the VAZ 2114 does not engage (or it does, but with great effort).

Speed ​​shifter

You can diagnose such a breakdown yourself, guided by the signs of wear of certain components presented below:

• When switching, the gear “flies out” and does not lock—wear of the coupling and gear teeth. The solution is to replace worn parts with new ones;
• the gear engages spontaneously - the rubber part of the rear support is worn out or cracked. The solution is to replace the rubber part with a new one;
• When switching to neutral, a loud noise appears - the oil level is very low or it does not meet the requirements (for example, viscosity). The solution is to add/change the oil;
• Reverse engages with a crunch - the synchronizer has worn out. The solution is to replace the synchronizer with a new one (if you continue traveling with a worn synchronizer, you will soon have to replace both the synchronizer itself and the entire gear block);
• When driving in reverse (or any other) gear, noise appears - the lower or upper bearing is worn out. The solution is to replace the bearings (it is advisable to conduct a full diagnosis of the box);
• When driving in any gear, a sharp knock occurs - the drive gear has failed. The solution is to replace the drive gear;
• When changing gears, a cracking noise occurs - the pinion axles are worn out or the locking ring is broken. The solution is to replace worn elements.

General view of the gearbox

In addition to the malfunctions listed above, sometimes others occur, for example, oil leaks. In this situation, it is highly advisable to carry out a full diagnosis of the box, since the reasons for this phenomenon can be very different, and the consequences of untimely repairs can be quite serious.

Design features of the gearbox

On the Russian auto market, the VAZ 2114 (restyling of the VAZ 2109), which is equipped with a manual transmission, is very widespread. The peculiarity of this device is that it perfectly copes with the loads placed there.

From time to time the box on the VAZ 2114 needs to be serviced. The VAZ gearbox includes the following main elements:

• crankcase;
• back cover;
• gear links/numbers;
• differential;
• shafts;
• gears.

Manual transmission is divided into the following types:

• 4-speed;
• 5-speed;
• 6-speed.

Each of these types of boxes has different supports, and drain plugs are installed in different compartments.

Selecting gearbox oil

From time to time it is worth keeping the oil level under control; it is recommended to top it up as needed. A complete oil change will be required when the car has crossed the 60,000 km threshold.

It should be noted that early wear of mechanical components on the VAZ 2114 occurs due to brutal driving or abrupt shifting of the gear lever.

The gearbox for this version of the car works perfectly with GL-4 class mineral oil. It helps to extend the working life of the box. Options needed: 75W90, 80w85, 85w90. When always selecting lubricants for the gearbox, you need to take into account the conditions under which the car will be operated, and pay attention to the viscosity of the transmission oil.

The need for repair and restoration work

The VAZ 2114 gearbox is subject to repair. Typically, this procedure includes installing new gears and bearings. Repair of the VAZ 2114 gearbox is advisable if the following manifestations begin to be observed:

• stiffness when performing manual gear changes
  ;
• a knocking sound occurs when changing gears or in a certain gear;
• if the synchronizer breaks down, a corresponding crunch may occur;
• if lubricants have lost their characteristics, then this causes an increasing rumble (usually in neutral).

In case of any of these manifestations, it is recommended to contact a service center for diagnostics of the entire auto accounting system.

The main stages of removing the box

How to remove the gearbox on a VAZ 2114? To begin dismantling the box yourself, the driver must arm himself with screwdrivers, spanners, and WD-40 liquid. Stages of dismantling the box:

1. A VAZ can be placed on an overpass.
2. You need to disconnect the battery and remove it.
3. The oil is drained from the box.
4. Dismantling the starter, protective jacket, connecting cable.
5. The wiring present on the speed control sensor, reverse sensor is disconnected.
6. It is necessary to remove the jet thrust fixed on the bolts.
7. Removing the wheel drive.

The process of dismantling the box takes about 5 hours. Assembly proceeds in reverse order.

Location

First you need to understand where exactly the device is located.

You can go two ways:

1. Fly under the bottom and look up at the suspension. The desired object on the VAZ 2114 is located on the gearbox. There are only two sensors - speed and reverse.
2. If you don’t want to crawl under the car or can’t, try getting to the device through the engine compartment by opening the lid. Although the first option is objectively more convenient.

Device location

VAZ 2115 | Gear shift

Gear shift and lever position

The gear shift positions are shown on the handle. Before engaging reverse gear, you need to lift the ring under the lever handle.

When changing gears, fully depress the clutch pedal and then gently release it. It is not recommended to drive a car with one hand on the gearshift lever, as this increases wear on the gearbox.

When shifting from fifth to fourth gear, do not press the lever laterally, so as not to accidentally engage second gear, which will cause the engine to exceed the permissible speed and damage it.

Before engaging reverse gear, make sure that the car is at rest and your foot is not on the gas pedal. Move the lever from the neutral position to the right until it stops, and then engage the rear

move.

The table below shows the driving speeds at which the next gear should be engaged for the greatest fuel economy.

Gear shift. automatic transmission

At the base of the selector lever there is an illuminated dial showing the selector range position symbols.

P - Parking R - Rear

stroke N - Neutral position

Forward gears:

D - 1st. 4th gear 3 - 1st. 3rd gear 2 - 1st. 2nd gear 1 - 1st gear

Reverse speed of automatic transmission does not engage

In practice, reverse gear may not be engaged in both manual and automatic transmissions. Taking into account the fact that automatic transmissions are different, it should be noted that some problems of manual transmission robots are similar to “mechanics”, while “classic” automatic transmissions have their own list of problems due to which the reverse speed disappears.

• The level of the ATF transmission fluid has deviated from the norm, the fluid in the automatic transmission is contaminated or has lost its properties. As you know, an automatic transmission is extremely sensitive to the level and quality of oil. For this reason, the check should begin with the transmission fluid.

Please note that both under and over levels can cause gears to shift incorrectly. Also, ATF oil has a limited service life, that is, the fluid needs to be changed every 40-60 thousand km, contamination, cloudiness, etc. are not allowed.

• Wear of automatic transmission clutches (friction discs). This malfunction often affects both reverse gear R and gears in drive mode D. Problems with clutches lead to gears not being engaged, and certain speeds may disappear (for example, the car goes to 1 and 2, but not 3 and 4, as well as reverse gear). To fix the problem, you will need to replace the automatic transmission clutches.

• Other automatic transmission malfunctions and breakdowns. For example, if the splines of the drive drum are cut off, the machine can move forward, but there is no reverse gear. There may also be complete absence of movement both forward and backward. To solve the problem, the drum needs to be replaced.

Other problems include broken brake band piston cuffs or severe wear. The malfunction only appears when the driver engages reverse gear, that is, the car moves forward normally, but there is no reverse movement. Another common problem with similar symptoms is failure or jamming of valve body valves and individual solenoids.

Additionally, experts draw attention to the fact that if there is no connection between the oil pump drive gear and the torque converter, the automatic transmission will not engage in both forward and reverse gears.

Repair or replacement

If, during checking the condition of the box, serious damage to its elements was revealed, then serious repairs cannot be avoided.

It should be immediately noted that independent dismantling, repair and reassembly of a gearbox requires not only very good equipment (nominally a pit or overpass, a lifting device, as well as a large set of tools are required), but also very serious knowledge.

That is why, if the gears of a VAZ 2114 do not engage, such repairs should be entrusted to specialists from car service centers.

It should be remembered that independent repair or replacement of the gearbox automatically leads to the loss of all warranty obligations from the manufacturer. For this reason, repairs to a car that is under warranty should be entrusted to branded repair shops.

If we talk about the choice between repair and complete replacement of the unit, then in most cases you should choose the first option. This is due to two reasons. Firstly, the cost of a completely new box exceeds 15 thousand rubles. (moreover, this amount is indicated without taking into account the cost of its installation). In any case, repairs will be much cheaper. And secondly, complete wear of the box (to a state unsuitable for repair) is extremely rare.

The cost of the repair work itself varies from service to service and depends on:

• the size of the locality (and, as a consequence, the presence of competitors);
• type of breakdown;
• the size of the car service (and whether it is official);
• additional clauses in the terms of the contract.

Video

A video from the Garage channel demonstrates the removal of the switching mechanism on an already partially disassembled box.

Today the back one stopped sticking in, as if something was stopping it. It used to happen once, but then it disappeared. Today it completely disappeared. I read about adjusting the slide, tried it - nothing worked, it still doesn’t stick. But if you stick it in harder, then it doesn’t drive as if it were in neutral.

they say the gear selection mechanism has flown away, or rather the spring (I read it on the Internet based on symptoms)

Does anyone have any other guesses, who encountered what, and how they solved it.

How long will the repair take place and is it possible to do it yourself?

In this article we will look at the main reasons for reverse gear not engaging:

1. The first thing you need to pay attention to is the rocker itself and the cardan - it often happens that the rocker is slipping, the splines are ground off or the clamp is loose. In this case, you will need an overpass or a pit.
2. Reverse gear locking mechanism. To check this mechanism, you need to remove the gearshift knob (the dashboard between the seats) and look. Everything will become clear in place.
3. If you checked the first two points and no problems were found, then you will have to remove the gearbox (How to remove the gearbox?).
4. The fixing bolt was cut off.
5. Fastening the gear selection mechanism.
6. A spring (the most ordinary one, sometimes it bursts).

Replacement box - new or old?

If the reason why the gears on the VAZ 2114 are poorly engaged is due to very severe wear of the gearbox components, and it turns out that its repair will be more expensive than a complete replacement, then the motorist is faced with a choice - install a new gearbox or give preference to a “restored” one.

The first option is certainly preferable, but the fact is that a new gearbox is not cheap at all (as mentioned above).

The cost of a refurbished one is much less (sometimes such a box costs 70% less than a new one).

A rebuilt gearbox is an excellent option, which is almost in no way inferior in quality to a new gearbox, but at the same time costs much less. The only thing to remember is that such units should only be purchased from trusted companies that professionally restore them and provide a guarantee for their products.

It should also be remembered that if there is a choice, it is better to give preference to the “middle option”. You should absolutely not purchase refurbished boxes from little-known companies at a very low price.

Advice for motorists

Above we have already talked about why the reverse gear on the VAZ 2114 does not engage and how to correct this situation. But it should also be noted that proper and timely care of the gearbox will help either completely avoid such a situation or postpone it for as long as possible.

There are only two basic rules for this care:

1. Change gears, as well as accelerate and brake the vehicle as smoothly as possible, without jerking.
2. Periodically check the oil level, replenish it as it is used, and also replace the entire volume if it is worn out.

These simple rules will help to significantly increase the service life of the entire box and its individual parts.

Why reverse gear does not engage - common reasons

In this article we will look at the main reasons:

1. The first thing you need to pay attention to is the rocker itself and the cardan - it often happens that the rocker slips, the splines are ground off or the clamp is loose. In this case, you will need an overpass or a pit.
2. Reverse gear locking mechanism. To check this mechanism, you need to remove the gearshift knob (the dashboard between the seats) and look. Everything will become clear.
3. If you checked the first two points and found no problems, then you will have to remove the gearbox.
4. The fixing bolt was cut off.
5. Fastening the gear selection mechanism.
6. A spring (the most common one sometimes bursts).

Alternatively, the reason may be in the release bearing, but then all gears would be engaged barely and with a crunch. You can also try adjusting the clutch pedal.