Automated manual transmission, or AMT for short, is quickly conquering the market and is in great demand among consumers. What helped the box gain popularity was its ease of use and comfort when driving a vehicle.
Car manufacturers also pay a lot of attention to the mechanism and rely on further use and improvement of the box. It's all about a large number of positive nuances, these are: simplicity and reliability of the design, relatively small dimensions and weight, low production price and the main feature is decent fuel economy. It is no coincidence that this type of box is actively installed on Lada cars produced by AvtoVAZ PJSC.
Automatic AT or AMT: gearbox features
First of all, initially cars were equipped with only two types of gearboxes: traditional mechanics and hydromechanical automatic transmission (aka AT). However, later CVT variators appeared, as well as, relatively recently, robotic gearboxes (AMT and preselective manual transmissions).
As for AMT, we immediately note that a robotic transmission of this type is actually a mechanic
Manual transmission
, which works without driver participation, that is, gears are switched automatically. It is noteworthy that attempts to automate mechanics were made quite a long time ago, but only thanks to modern technologies and the active introduction of electronics was it possible to implement such a task.
If we talk about AT, this type of gearbox appeared a little later than manual transmission. For a long time, such a box remained the only type of automatic transmission, thanks to which, to this day, it continues to be one of the most common types of automatic transmission.
- Now let's look at the classic automatic transmission and the relatively recently appeared robots such as AMT in more detail. Let's start with a traditional slot machine.
So, a hydromechanical automatic transmission is a complex and expensive device that combines elements of hydraulics, mechanics and electronics. An automatic transmission, unlike a CVT, is a step-type gearbox, that is, it has fixed gears.
Such a box did not receive the usual mechanical clutch, since the torque from the internal combustion engine is transmitted to the transmission through a special device (“donut” automatic transmission or torque converter).
ATF (automatic transmission oil) plays an important role in such machines. This liquid is not just a lubricant, but a working fluid. The torque converter converts torque and then transmits it to the gearbox through liquid.
Also, transmission oil is supplied to the automatic transmission under pressure through channels
valve body
, that is, ATF acts on the actuators to engage gears. Redistribution of fluid flows occurs by opening and closing valves (solenoids), the operation of which is controlled by
Automatic transmission ECU
.
The advantages of automatic transmission include fairly high comfort, smooth operation and reliability of the box. A working AT gearbox changes gears almost imperceptibly, operates quietly, without unnecessary noise or vibration.
At the same time, a classic automatic transmission (taking into account the peculiarities of its design and operation) requires a large amount of transmission oil and is sensitive to the quality of ATF and the condition of the fluid. Also, the unit is not designed for constant high loads, it is “afraid” of prolonged slipping, sudden starts, and driving at high speeds.
The presence of a torque converter also means that the efficiency of such a box is slightly lower compared to analogues (by 10-15%), which means increased fuel consumption and losses in acceleration dynamics.
The average service life of such automatic transmissions is 200-250 thousand km, but only subject to timely and high-quality maintenance, as well as compliance with a number of rules within the framework of the operation of vehicles equipped with an automatic transmission of this type. Let us also add that repairing automatic transmissions is also often difficult and expensive.
How does the AMT box work?
AMT is a gearbox installed today on many foreign and domestic vehicles. Such devices are often installed on sports cars. Experts believe that AMT will become most widespread in the future and will be more popular than an automatic transmission (automatic or AT).
What elements are included?
Essentially, AMT is a manual transmission, a reliable and decades-proven device that provides automatic switching. Simply put, AMT is a cross between a manual and an automatic.
The robotic box includes the following elements:
- Manual transmission (manual transmission);
- ECU (electronic control unit);
- clutch;
- drive connecting the clutch and gears;
- other nodes.
Cars equipped with a “robot” also have a large number of different sensors, thanks to which the speed is switched at the right moment.
The following sensors are installed in cars with AMT:
- ABS - refers to the anti-lock system;
- sensor that controls crankshaft rotation;
- ESP - responsible for electronic stabilization and others.
Unlike cars with manual transmission, “robots” constantly monitor the temperature inside the AMT using special temperature sensors.
Operating principle
The abbreviation AMT stands for automated manual transmission. Motorists call such a box a “robot”.
How AMT works:
- The gearbox is manual, but the driver does not have to depress the clutch or change gears - all these manipulations are performed automatically based on computer calculations
- The on-board computer, having analyzed the speed, ABS sensor readings and other data from various vehicle systems, initiates gear shifting. This action is performed by devices that transmit force - actuators.
- AMT boxes can operate in automatic or semi-automatic mode. With full automatic switching occurs automatically. In semi-automatic mode, speeds are switched manually. A person driving a car uses the Tiptronic automatic transmission function. In this mode, the speed is changed using a lever or using switches located under the steering wheel.
On a note!
The cheapest and most common option is a robotic box. Its disadvantage is its reaction speed. Similar AMTs are installed on budget cars, which tarnish the reputation of robotic boxes.
AMT operation algorithm:
- Start the engine.
- The power flow is disrupted by the clutch.
- Speed selection.
- The clutch engages.
- The revolutions gradually increase by pressing the gas pedal.
- The car starts to move.
Pros and cons of the AMT box
The transmission, which combines manual and automatic transmission, like any automotive unit, is a complex system that has certain characteristics and has a number of advantages over AT transmission and conventional mechanics.
Pros:
- reliable mechanical part;
- endurance and long service life;
- friction clutch reduces fuel consumption;
- low transmission oil consumption compared to an automatic transmission - AMT requires 4 liters, AT - 8 liters;
- the mechanical part is repairable;
- possibility of control in semi-automatic mode.
Thanks to the semi-automatic mode, the driver can take part in the operation of the system if a difficult driving situation arises - a traffic jam, bad road, traffic lights, climbs, steep descents, etc.
Robotic boxes are very popular among motorists today. Designers are constantly improving the operation and technical characteristics of the unit. But AMT also has a number of disadvantages, which are useful to know about for those who do not know which box to prefer.
Minuses:
- you cannot reflash the processor or program a different algorithm to increase, for example, the dynamics of a car;
- reduction of switching speed;
- The clutch often slips;
- at low speeds (on hills or in traffic jams), the transmission overheats;
- When switching speeds in auto mode, jerking may be observed.
One of the most unpleasant situations that can happen to an AMT on the road is clutch overheating. To prevent this, it is recommended to set the transmission to neutral speed when stopping for more than 10 seconds.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
The Lada Granta/Kalina 2 is equipped with a Jatco automatic transmission; this gearbox has been installed on Nissan for more than two decades and has proven itself well during this time. Reviews from owners of Lada Granta with automatic transmission indicate that the automatic transmission shifts gears smoothly, on time and accurately. There is no excessive thoughtfulness, and sudden accelerations and braking do not confuse her.
The disadvantages of the machine include high fuel consumption
, especially in urban areas, as well as very expensive repairs.
What cars can it be installed on?
The first car under the Lada Priora brand, equipped with AMT, was released in 2014; the installed gearbox was modified AMT-2182. After running in and finalizing the mechanisms and program elements, automatic mechanical transmissions began to be equipped with the Lada Granta, this happened in March 2022, and the Lada Vesta, in 2022. The Lada Kalina and Lada Xray cars were equipped with the same gearbox.
Later modifications of the gearboxes are structurally similar to the first gearbox released by the company. The difference lies in the improved program of the latest version, which was developed by the German company ZF Friedrichshafen AG. The principle is based on the use of a new transmission switching algorithm and improved functional logic. AMT has a number of operational features and is characterized as a simple, reliable, economical unit.
Which models are equipped with an AMT gearbox?
This robot is installed on Lada cars only with 16-valve power units:
Lada
| Vesta sedan 2180 | 2015 – present |
| Vesta SV 2181 | 2017 – present |
| Vesta Cross 2180 | 2018 – present |
| Vesta SV Cross 2181 | 2017 – present |
| Granta sedan 2190 | 2015 – present |
| Granta hatchback 2192 | 2018 – present |
| Granta liftback 2191 | 2018 – present |
| Grant station wagon 2194 | 2018 – present |
| Granta Cross 2194 | 2019 – present |
| X-ray hatchback | 2016 – present |
| Priora sedan 2170 | 2014 – 2015 |
| Priora hatchback 2172 | 2014 – 2015 |
| Priora station wagon 2171 | 2014 – 2015 |
| Kalina 2 hatchback 2192 | 2015 – 2018 |
| Kalina 2 station wagon 2194 | 2015 – 2018 |
| Kalina 2 Cross 2194 | 2015 – 2018 |
Variable speed drive
CVT gearbox is a variation of “automation”. However, its design and operating principle differ significantly from the classic automatic transmission. This is a continuously variable transmission, which includes:
the variator itself; the unit that disconnects the engine from the variator; control system; reverse mechanism.
CVT gearbox can be of two types:
The operating principle is based on the fact that two sliding pulleys (driver and driven), connected by a metal belt, automatically change their diameter, thereby changing the gear ratio. The variator is started using the selector lever. Transmission modes are identical to automatic transmissions.
Positive aspects of the variator over other gearboxes:
efficiency when using engine power; high fuel economy; comfortable operation and movement; smooth running of the car; smooth acceleration and rapid acceleration; low load on the engine; environmental friendliness; high efficiency.
If you still decide to give preference to the CVT, then it is worth considering its disadvantages:
complexity of design and repair, purchasing spare parts; small number of services capable of carrying out repairs; rapid wear when driving on bad roads and off-road; specific noise during operation; short service life; not installed on powerful cars.
Important! Experienced car mechanics and car enthusiasts advise against purchasing a car with a CVT that has already been used. If the purchase has already been made, then it is necessary to completely replace the oil, speed sensors and fuel level in a timely manner.
Advantages and disadvantages
Comparing the transmission with other representatives of automatic transmissions, we can highlight both positive and negative features of the box.
Advantages of the 5 AMT unit:
- Reduced fuel consumption, performance comparable to a 5 MT manual transmission;
- Low cost of spare parts and labor in case of gearbox repair;
- The design of the box allows you to tow the car using a cable or a rigid hitch;
- If the battery loses power, the box allows you to start the car from a pusher;
- The friction disc and gearbox lubricants are designed for the entire service life of the product;
- Protection of the box from incorrect switching, which avoids damage;
- The box has automatic and manual gear shifting;
- Smooth operation of the gas pedal facilitates the transition from gear to gear without jerks or failures;
- Switching occurs in a short period of time, within 120 ms;
- The presence of an automatic algorithm that allows you to start moving the machine while on an inclined surface.
Design and principle of operation
Many users do not fully understand the operating principle of the robotic box, considering it a complex mechanism. Structurally, the Lada 5 AMT gearbox is nothing more than a 5-speed manual gearbox, controlled by electronics.
So, let’s look at what 5 AMT is in detail. A detailed examination of the box produced by AvtoVAZ PJSC indicates that a standard mechanical-type automated transmission scheme is used using one disc in the friction clutch design.
The layout looks like this:
- Box clutch;
- Variable gearbox, mechanical type;
- Gearbox and clutch drives;
- Box control module.
A special device, mechatronics, is responsible for controlling the gears. Since it is a set of control elements in the form of sensors and electronics, the design does not provide mechanical connections for shifting gears.
It includes:
- Variable gearbox speed sensor on the input shaft;
- Gearbox mode control selector;
- An actuator that controls gear shifting and clutch release;
- Gearbox controller.
The gearbox operates in one of two modes: automatic and semi-automatic. Receiving information from sensors, in automatic mode the box changes gears without driver intervention. Gears are switched using software and signals from the control module. In manual mode, gears are changed by the driver using the shift lever. Move forward, upshift, move backward, downshift.
Since 2012, Lada cars have been equipped with the Japanese 4 AT gearbox, produced by Jatco. This is a classic four-speed automatic transmission equipped with a hydraulic transformer. Buyers were faced with the question, 4 AT or 5 AMT, which is better, what to choose and how will this affect further operation? The automatic transmission had a number of advantages related to smoothness and comfort. However, there were more disadvantages: increased fuel consumption, expensive and complex maintenance. Over time, the robot became popular among car enthusiasts.
Price of VAZ AMT robotic gearbox
It is very difficult to buy a new or at least used manual transmission 2182 at this point in time, just as there are practically nowhere qualified specialists for repairing such transmissions. Therefore, owners of out-of-warranty cars with a robot are left with a large-unit replacement.
The cost of spare parts for restoring the VAZ 2182 or AMT robotic transmission:
| Box VAZ 2180 | RUB 38,450 |
| ZF gear shift actuator | RUR 56,643 |
| ZF Clutch Actuator | RUB 35,756 |
| Large-unit replacement work (on average) | RUB 9,350 |
The price of parts for just such a box is briefly discussed in this review.
You can contact the site administrator by email:
All texts were written by me, are authored by Google, included in the original Yandex texts and notarized. For any borrowing, we immediately write an official letter on company letterhead in support of search networks, your hosting and domain registrar.
Next we go to court. Don’t try your luck, we have more than thirty successful Internet projects and have already won a dozen lawsuits.
5 AMT transmission service
According to the manufacturer, the 5 AMT transmission does not require maintenance, its elements are protected from dust and moisture, which in turn has secured the transmission’s reputation as a simple, reliable, trouble-free mechanism.
However, it is recommended to adhere to the following rules:
- Monitor the oil level; mechanical damage to the box may cause it to leak;
- Adapt the robotic gearbox clutch in a timely manner.
The box is a set of gears controlled by a ZF actuator. The clutch of the box wears out over time and needs to be adjusted to the actuator, this process is called adaptation, it is designed to eliminate jerks and shocks when moving.
Adaptation is carried out:
- Every 15,000 km of vehicle mileage;
- In case of clutch replacement;
- When updating the on-board computer settings.
The process is simple and takes a few minutes: the car is connected to the AvtoVAZ computer through a special diagnostic connector, the electrician turns on the program and directly communicates with the manufacturer’s server. The data is downloaded to the server, after which the engine starts and adaptation occurs within a few seconds.
It is advisable to have the box diagnosed by an official representative, since the work will require special equipment and trained personnel.
As you know, today all automatic transmissions are usually called automatic transmissions. In this case, “automatic” can be called either a classic hydromechanical gearbox with torque converters, or a CVT variator or a robotic manual transmission.
Taking into account the fact that a robotic gearbox can also be represented by two types of gearboxes (for example, a semi-automatic manual AMT and a preselective gearbox of the DSG type), many motorists often have difficulties when choosing an automatic transmission.
Next, we will separately consider what AT and AMT are, what advantages and disadvantages these types of gearboxes have, and also what you should pay attention to when choosing a car with one type of automatic transmission or another.
Read in this article
Disadvantages of AMT
It is known that there is not a single unit or structure in nature that is free of shortcomings. There are also disadvantages to such a popular and sought-after AMT:
You can’t get used to reprogramming: we put the comma ourselves.
If the driver intends to change the dynamics of the car or save the car's resources by reprogramming the AMT, he will be disappointed. It is impossible to reprogram this type of gearbox.
There is only one way out: without trying to adjust the AMT to your driving style, adapt yourself to some of the features of its functioning.
However, a reservation should be made here. After the car's warranty period expires, our craftsmen still manage to reflash the AMT electronic control unit. It cannot be said that this procedure is guaranteed to lead to improvements in car dynamics, but such attempts are made regularly by domestic car enthusiasts.
Low switching speed.
Those who are used to driving with an automatic transmission often complain that the AMT is too “slow.” This drawback is the result of software costs and is inherent in any automatic transmission. Unfortunately, here you have to choose between the presence of an “automatic” and the speed of switching; The modern auto industry, alas, has not yet come up with a third option.
Availability of manual mode.
When driving in traffic jams or on rough terrain, switching to manual mode for AMT is mandatory. Otherwise, the AMT will very quickly exhaust its service life and become unusable.
This minus can only be called a minus conditionally: some drivers, on the contrary, warmly welcome the ability to manually change gear in AMT.
Jerks when switching. Sometimes, when changing gears, jerking is felt when the car is moving. The reason is that the gas was not released at the time of switching.
This is not exactly a drawback, but rather a feature of AMT operation: it is important to learn how to not fully press the gas pedal in this situation
Poor performance on steep climbs.
When driving up a steep hill in vehicles equipped with AMT, the clutch may disengage. This happens when it overheats. It is for this reason that a robotic gearbox has the option of manual shifting. Again, this is not a flaw, but a design feature.
Which is better to choose?
For novice motorists, when buying a car, it is useful to understand the issue of gearboxes. Many people prefer to learn on cars with a conventional 5MT transmission (like in a Lada), but later buy modern cars with a 5AMT or AT transmission.
Having understood the difference between AT and AMT boxes, you can consciously choose the option that is optimal for your driving style, driving skills and preferences.
What you need to pay attention to when choosing:
- A car with an automatic transmission has only two pedals - gas and brake, and you do not need to constantly move the gearshift knob. But the AMT box retains all the advantages of a manual transmission - cost, economical fuel consumption and full control over the car.
- Automatic transmission requires a large amount of gear oil, it is sensitive to the quality of ATF and its condition. The unit does not tolerate constant high loads and prolonged slipping, sudden starts and driving at high speeds. But with AMT there are no such problems.
- The efficiency of a car with AT is 10-15% lower than that of cars with other types of gearboxes.
Cars with AMT are suitable for drivers who prefer a calm and moderate driving style. Fans of high speeds and sharp maneuvers are unlikely to like the robotic gearbox. AT is recommended for those who want to completely shift gear shifting to automatic mode in order to concentrate on driving the car. By understanding what AT and MT mean in a car, you will be able to make the right and informed choice.
How does the AT box work?
AT is an automatic transmission that uses an automatic gearbox (automatic transmission), which makes driving easier. The driver does not have to change gears when changing speed - everything happens automatically.
On a note! In Europe and the USA, more than 80% of cars sold are equipped with an AT transmission, in Russia - about 50%. Moreover, in the premium segment, 80% of all cars are equipped with an automatic transmission.
Box device
If the car has an AT transmission, the speeds are switched in automatic mode, the operation of which is provided by a hydraulic transformer.
Automatic transmission elements:
- hydraulic transformer - transmits force from the engine to the wheels;
- planetary gear - transmits torque to automatic transmission elements;
- friction clutch - changes gears after receiving a signal from the ECU;
- overrunning clutch - protects automatic transmission parts and friction clutch from mechanical damage;
- connecting mechanisms - different shafts, drums and gears.
Operating principle
The first automatic transmissions appeared in the 30s of the last century. The design of modern machines has moved far from the first units, but the principle of their operation has hardly changed.
The automatic transmission is conventionally divided into three parts:
- hydraulic - it is responsible for transmitting torque;
- electronic - switches modes and provides communication with vehicle systems;
- mechanical - switches speeds.
How does automatic transmission work:
- When the engine turns on, oil enters the transformer and the pressure increases. The pump ring begins to rotate. Once the speed is activated and fuel flows through the accelerator, the “supercharger” accelerates.
- Thanks to the working fluid, rotation starts. Its flow alternately starts the wheels - reactor and turbine.
- The wheels of the car begin to move due to the torque. After reaching a certain level of speed, the elements make the same movement. The liquid entering the reactor ensures its rotation, and the system operates like a hydraulic coupling. When resistance increases, for example when going up, the unit stops moving.
- When a certain speed level is reached, a gear shift occurs. The ECU sends a signal to stop the downshift. It switches without loss of efficiency due to the presence of oil in the valve. When the speed decreases, the transmission switches in the opposite direction.
When the engine stalls, the pressure in the torque converter is lost, so it is impossible to start the car by “pushing”.
Advantages and disadvantages
AT and automatic transmissions have a lot of advantages, which is why they are widely implemented in modern cars. But if this system were flawless, they would not produce AMT.
Pros:
- comfortable control;
- increased traffic safety - the driver does not have to be distracted by changing gears;
- driving comfort - in a car with an automatic transmission there are no problems when starting and stopping, as in a manual transmission;
- engine wear is reduced.
Many drivers of cars with MT have been in a situation where they, having forgotten that the car was at speed, turned on the ignition. As a result, the car made a “jump” forward. This cannot happen in a car with AT.
Minuses:
- higher cost of the car;
- high fuel consumption;
- Automatic transmission requires careful care - you need to change the oil often, etc.;
- expensive repairs;
- low efficiency;
- there are features of using 4AT in winter;
- If the battery is discharged, the car will not be able to be started “from the pusher”.
On a note! During each technical inspection, it is recommended to calibrate the automatic transmission to increase its service life.
AMT gearbox: what is it?
The debate between fans of manual and automatic transmissions has not subsided for a couple of decades. Each of these two types of transmission has its own advantages and certain disadvantages.
But in recent years, a gearbox has appeared that can combine the main advantages of automatic and manual transmissions. This is an AMT gearbox, also known as a robot or robotic gearbox. In this article we will talk about what an AMT gearbox is, how it works and what its advantages and disadvantages are.
Troubleshooting manual transmission Lada Vesta
In order to eliminate possible transmission malfunctions, in most cases it is necessary to dismantle the gearbox along with its associated elements. To do this, first of all, you need to disassemble the gearshift lever cover, after which you need to place the car on a lift, remove the wheels and pull the axle shafts out of the steering knuckles. Next, all that remains is to unscrew the bolts securing the gearbox to the engine and remove the gearbox. The main malfunctions of transmission mechanisms are identified in the following order:
- Checking the clutch. Make sure that the driven disk is in working condition, the plate petals are not bent and the release bearing is intact.
- Make sure there are no oil smudges in the area of the axle shaft seals, input shaft, or at the junction of the gearbox housing.
- If the above is all right, then the problem is inside the gearbox and it needs to be disassembled for a detailed inspection.
About double clutch
Earlier in the article we mentioned German Volkswagen cars with their selective gearboxes. Recently they have become very popular. And all thanks to the use of a dual clutch system. This device allows you to quickly change gears with minimal loss in dynamics. And all this without the use of an expensive hydraulic drive. They were called preselective due to their special operating principle.
When the car is moving in one gear, the second disc is already engaged with the next one. Thus, when the car needs to switch to higher speed, this process is carried out as quickly as possible. Moreover, the system works not only to upshift, but also to downshift. The car “resets” them very quickly when braking. The design of such AMTs is very compact, which is especially important for small cars. There are two types of clutch used here. It's wet and dry.
Let's look at the technical characteristics using the example of a 7-speed AMT. An electric pump is installed here. The oil volume in the system is 1.7 liters. The peak torque of this transmission is 250 Nm.
This is quite enough for passenger cars. But as for SUVs, they lack such characteristics for acceleration. Therefore, a wet clutch type is used here (oil volume is 6.5 liters). But the torque here is much higher – 350 Nm. In any case, the use of a double clutch allows you to change gears without noticeable dips in dynamics.
Now this type of gearbox is used on German-made cars, in particular on Volkswagens. Also, Skoda cars are equipped with an AMT gearbox. What it is? This is a six-speed robotic transmission with two clutches. The manufacturer gives it a five-year warranty.
Easytronic AMT (Opel)
The Easytronic automated transmission has a hybrid electro-hydraulic actuator for clutch engagement/disengagement and two electric actuators for gear shifting (select and engage).
Where: 1 - clutch (self-adjusting clutch, SAC), 2 - clutch slave cylinder (CSC), 3 - electric motor (DC) - controls the clutch, 4 - piston (inside the cylinder), 5 - gear shift mechanism, 6 - electric motor ( DC) - gear selection, 7 - electric motor (DC) - gear engagement
When clutch position is controlled by an electronic control module, it is important to either maintain constant clutch mechanical parameters or adapt control algorithms to clutch wear.
The friction disc wears out over its service life, causing the clutch stroke (opening/closing distance) to change (less for a new clutch). For the electronic control module, this is considered a violation of the clutch engagement/disengagement process and can lead to incorrect operation. There are two ways to overcome this:
- mechanical self-regulation of clutch;
- study of clutch travel and adaptation of control algorithms;
The clutch (1) automatically adjusts its stroke (opening/closing distance) depending on the wear of the friction disc. It is called a self-adjusting clutch (SAC) and is manufactured by LuK (Schaeffler).
Where: 1 - drive housing with built-in transmission control unit (TCU), 2 - worm gearbox, 3 - worm wheel, 4 - DC motor (collector), 5 - piston, 6 - exhaust pipe (towards CSC), 7 - inlet pipe (from the tank), 8 - connecting rod.
The clutch drive is a mixture of hydraulic and electric drive. When it is necessary to disengage the clutch, the electric motor (4) receives power from the transmission control unit. The rotor of the electric motor is directly connected to the worm gearbox (2), which is in constant engagement with the worm wheel (3). The rotational movement of the worm wheel is converted into the translational movement of the connecting rod (8), which pushes the piston (5) and creates pressure. Through the outlet (6), pressurized fluid reaches the clutch slave cylinder (CSC) and operates the clutch.
The hydraulic circuit consists of a cylinder and piston on the drive side and a clutch slave cylinder on the other side. The actuation force of the clutch is directly proportional to the fluid pressure in the circuit.
Thus, the position of the clutch is controlled by the fluid pressure in the hydraulic system, which depends on the position of the direct current (DC) motor.
Where: 1 - electrical connector for the gear selection motor, 2 - electrical connector for connecting the gear selection motor, 3 - gear selection motor, 4 - rack, 5 - gear engagement pin (to engage the gear), 6 - gear
From the neutral position, if it is necessary to engage a gear, the gear selection motor (3) moves the rack (4) up and down. When the appropriate pinion plane (vane) is selected, the pinion engagement motor (1) will rotate gear (6), which will rotate the pinion engagement pin (5). The sliding bushings of the gear synchronizers are connected by a fork and a shaft to the gear engagement pin (5). When the gear engagement pin (5) moves to one of its end positions, the gear is engaged.
Position sensors are built into the electric motors. Based on the position information, the transmission control module adjusts the electrical output of the motors to bring them into the desired position.
AMT gearbox - what is it?
The AMT gearbox is not as popular as a manual or automatic transmission, although it combines both types of transmissions. What is it, what types of AMTs are there and how to ride them?
To transmit torque from the engine to the wheels, the car has a special device - a gearbox or transmission.
It can be mechanical, automatic, robotic or CVT.
The first three are stepped, that is, they have the usual first, second and other speeds, the last is stepless and works on a different principle.
The AMT gearbox is installed on many modern cars, including Russian-made cars.
Advanced models of such gearboxes are also found on sports cars.
There is an opinion that in the future AMT will become more widespread than automatic transmissions and will completely replace manual transmissions.
AMT management
During operation, the “robot” is much simpler than automatic transmission and classic “mechanics”. The electronic selector allows you to use 4 operating modes:
- neutral - N;
- automatic - A;
- reverse - R;
- manual control - M.
Before you start driving, you need to set the selector lever to position “A”, then press the brake pedal and only then put your foot on the gas pedal.
Attention! The engine of a LADA Granta (sedan, liftback) equipped with a “robot” will not start if you forget to press the brake pedal.
The car's acceleration time to a speed of 100 km/h is 12.5 seconds, which is 1.6 seconds inferior to models with a manual transmission (10.9 seconds), but 0.8 seconds better than the LADA Granta with automatic transmission (13. 3 sec.). In this case, gear shifting occurs at 5000 rpm for aggressive driving or 2500 rpm for quiet driving.
The time to switch from one gear to another in automatic mode is no more than 2 seconds. Because of this, AMT may seem “thoughtful” to some drivers, but when switching to manual control mode, the gear shift speed is comparable to the speed of a manual transmission.
Virtual learning environment
Links to the schedule of online classes at GPOU TO "AMT"
Electronic educational resources Full-time education
Educational building No. 1
| The level of education | Well | Group number | Profession/specialty |
| Training program for workers and employees | 1 | Welder (manual and partially mechanized welding (surfacing)) | |
| Computer controlled machine operator | |||
| Graphic Designer | |||
| 2 | Welder (manual and partially mechanized welding (surfacing)) | ||
| Computer controlled machine operator | |||
| Graphic Designer | |||
| 3 | Welder (manual and partially mechanized welding (surfacing)) | ||
| Computer controlled machine operator | |||
| Mid-level specialist training program | 2 | Metalworking technology | |
| 3 | Mechanical engineering technology |
Educational building No. 2
| The level of education | Well | Group number | Speciality |
| Mid-level specialist training program | 1 | Meteorology | |
| Land and property relations | |||
| 2 | Hydrology | ||
| Tourism | |||
| 3 | Meteorology | ||
| Tourism | |||
| 4 | Meteorology |
Educational building No. 3
| The level of education | Well | Group number | Profession/specialty |
| Vocational training (for persons with disabilities) | 1 | Master of finishing construction works | |
| 2 | Master of finishing construction works | ||
| Training program for workers and employees | 1 | Cook, pastry chef | |
| 2 | Cook, pastry chef | ||
| 3 | Cook, pastry chef | ||
| Mid-level specialist training program | 1 | Information systems and programming | |
| Economics and accounting (by industry) | |||
| 2 | Information systems and programming | ||
| Mechatronics and mobile robotics | |||
| Economics and accounting (by industry) | |||
| 3 | Information systems and programming | ||
| Economics and accounting (by industry) |
Educational building No. 4
| The level of education | Well | Group number | Profession/specialty |
| Training program for workers and employees | 1 | Car repair and maintenance master | |
| 2 | Car repair and maintenance master | ||
| Crane operator (crane operator) | |||
| 3 | Car repair and maintenance master | ||
| Crane operator (crane operator) | |||
| Mid-level specialist training program | 1 | Maintenance and repair of engines, systems and components of automobiles | |
| 2 | Maintenance and repair of engines, systems and components of automobiles |
Part-time and part-time education
| The level of education | Well | Group number | Speciality |
| Mid-level specialist training program | 1 | Mechanical engineering technology | |
| Technical operation of lifting and transport, construction, road machinery and equipment | |||
| 2 | Mechanical engineering technology | ||
| Mechanical engineering technology | |||
| 3 | 1502-17С | Mechanical engineering technology | |
| 3802-17С | Economics and accounting (by industry) | ||
| 4 | 1502-16С (1) | Mechanical engineering technology | |
| 1502-16С (2) | Mechanical engineering technology | ||
| 2202-16С | Welding production | ||
| 2302-16С | Technical operation of lifting and transport, construction, road machinery and equipment |
