The petrol, carburetor engine VAZ 21213 1.7L was developed in Russia by the AvtoVAZ plant, where from 1994 to the present it has been manufactured to equip the VAZ 2107 and off-road vehicles of its own production VAZ Niva: 2121 and Niva Pickup. The ICE 21214 was designed on its basis. The power unit of the VAZ 21213 is a motor assembly with a five-speed manual transmission.
These SUVs are considered popular among residents in rural areas due to their increased cross-country ability, as well as among fishermen, hunters and lovers of various types of quiet hunting (mushroom pickers, berry pickers, etc.), as they cope well with off-road conditions in all seasons. In most cases, this category of people use their Nivas over short distances and their annual mileage is comparatively small compared to cars used in cities. I will not go into the reliability of the listed cars, but you can draw your own conclusion about the reliability of the VAZ 21213 engine based on its sores, disadvantages, weak points and shortcomings.
The service life of the internal combustion engine is not long (see table), but it can be overhauled; it is a pity, of course, that there are no liners in the design of the cylinder block and the cylinders have to be bored to repair sizes. Initially, the pistons and cylinders of the engine have five performance classes based on the size of the deviations. The difference in size for each class from the previous one is 0.01 mm. The classes in the marking are indicated by letters and they have corresponding tolerance fields: A (82.00-82.01 mm), B (82.01-82.02 mm), C (82.02-82.03 mm), D (82.03-82.04 mm), E (82.04-82.05 mm ). When selecting pistons and cylinders in a block, their classes, i.e., their letter designations must match. The piston pin hole diameter class has numerical designations from 1 to 3 and an arrow indicating the direction to the front of the engine. The repair dimensions of pistons and cylinders for the first and second overhaul are shown in the table.
Practical advice for installing a diesel engine
When deciding to install it yourself, you should pay attention to the following experience. Among the possible units that the designers of both the classic car and the Chevrolet Niva considered was the Peugeot engine with the index XUD-9SD
Not the most powerful unit (from 69 to 75 hp) is highly reliable.
When planning such tuning, you need to be prepared to make some modifications:
- Replace the gearbox. Among the options, a box from Fiat Polnes was offered, as it would work with such an engine. But it won’t be easy to find a unit from a car that is now rare.
- Clutch mechanism. When searching for a box, they immediately select a clutch mechanism, which must ensure transmission of rotation and match in size.
- Engine support points. When installing on the Niva, the front engine mounts required modifications.
- Pallet shape. Taking into account the dense layout of the Niva’s engine compartment, the pallet requires an original shape, and was often made individually.
- Exhaust system. Minimal modifications to the exhaust piping are required.
The serial Niva with this engine was produced until 2009 and was mainly exported. With a certain amount of luck, the car can still be found in advertisements for sale. A special feature of the car is its low dynamics. The car reaches the first hundred in only 25 seconds.
When carrying out independent modernization, do not forget about one more aspect. Replacing the engine with a non-similar version will require technical expertise. In practice, it will be possible to undergo such a procedure, but it will require a certain investment of time, money and nerves. Only after this you have the right to count on hassle-free registration of your car with the traffic police. Perhaps we should wait for the car to appear in a diesel version when the new generation comes out.
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What kind of diesel engine can be installed on Niva
Diesel for Niva: solving problems of self-installation
Passenger cars and SUVs with diesel engines are very popular abroad. For us, the idea of equipping a car with such an engine did not take root for a long time. Only not so long ago UAZ all-terrain vehicles with such an engine began to arrive on the market.
Nevertheless, there were attempts to make a jeep with a diesel engine. One example of such a car was the diesel Niva
.
This VAZ Niva 2121
was exported and had an index of 21215.
Equipping a car with a diesel unit has a number of positive qualities. These engines are significantly more economical than gasoline-powered units and are less demanding on fuel quality. They have excellent traction characteristics at low engine speeds. The service life of a diesel engine is not easy, which allows it to be used longer without undergoing extensive repairs.
The main drawback of these engines is the complexity and high cost of repairing the fuel accounting system, since a number of units use precision-machined parts.
Repair dimensions of cylinders and pistons of the VAZ 21213 engine during major repairs
| Repair cylinder size, mm | Piston and cylinder class | Piston diameter, mm | Cylinder diameter after boring, mm | Cylinder diameter after honing, mm |
| 1 repair | ||||
| 82,4 | A | 82,34-82,35 | 82,37-82,38 | 82,40-82,41 |
| B | 82,35-82,36 | 82,38-82,39 | 82,41-82,42 | |
| C | 82,36-82,37 | 82,39-82,40 | 82,42-82,43 | |
| D | 82,37-82,38 | 82,40-82,41 | 82,43-82,44 | |
| E | 82,38-82,39 | 82,41-82,42 | 82,44-82,45 | |
| 2 repairs | ||||
| 82,8 | A | 82,74-82,75 | 82,77-82,78 | 82,80-82,81 |
| B | 82,75-82,76 | 82,78-82,79 | 82,81-82,82 | |
| C | 82,76-82,77 | 82,79-82,80 | 82,82-82,83 | |
| D | 82,77-82,78 | 82,80-82,81 | 82,83-82,84 | |
| E | 82,78-82,79 | 82,81-82,82 | 82,84-82,85 | |
What engine can be installed on Niva 2121
We install the engine on the Niva from a foreign car. It's worth it
Why do some owners install a foreign car engine on the Niva? Old Russian cars like the VAZ-2121 Niva, VAZ-2107, VAZ-2108 at this time seem at least not profitable, and at most not at all capable.
At the moment, you won’t see an entrepreneur driving a Veil, although not long ago it was one of the most massive cars; its cross-country ability was unattainable for the EU and the USA. But not now…
What problems can installing a foreign car engine on a Niva help solve? If you need to think about what, what method to do so that Niva
has become profitable and convenient for the modern world, then change your heart! In fact, it’s natural to put it
Almost any engine removed from a foreign car.
However, the engine must meet several requirements
: to fit inside the hood of the car so as not to cut off additional parts (this can have a bad effect later_. And most importantly, the engine power should not greatly exceed the power of its predecessor. After all, if you install an engine that is too powerful, the car’s design simply won’t withstand it; cars of that time were not created for power and speed, but for reliability.
Read
The new foreign car can barely withstand a head-on blow with the Niva, and VAZ has a great chance of winning. But Niva, when making a sharp turn at a speed of 150 km. at an hour it will most likely fly into a ditch, and the foreign car will continue on its way.
KEY-DOP
Of course, the engine must have more serious characteristics compared to its predecessor, because without this the entire replacement will be pointless.
Malfunctions: causes, elimination
Based on the results of many years of operation, motor 21213 has the following breakdowns:
| The engine does not start | 1) the carburetor damper does not open when ignited 2) fuel pump failure 3) there is no gasoline inside the carburetor | 1) sealing the starting device 2) replacement or repair 3)washing filters and fuel lines |
| Engine stalls in idle mode | 1) failure of the control system 2) damaged drainage tube 3) failure of XX adjustments | 1)replacement of hoses, gaskets and fittings 2) tube replacement 3) adjusting the idle speed with screws |
| Increased vibrations | Spark plugs are not working correctly | Replacing spark plugs |
| Reduced throttle response and power | 1) the dampers do not open enough 2) clogged air filter 3) ignition failure 4) fuel pump failure 5) carburetor failure | 1) adjusting the remote control drive 2) replacement of consumables 3)repairs and adjustments 4)repair 5) settings or cleaning |
The official operating manual of the AvtoVAZ manufacturer contains step-by-step actions that allow you to carry out major repairs or scheduled maintenance on your own.
Motor design 21213
Diesel engine for Niva Chevrolet
As a replacement, a diesel engine is used for the Niva. Such a motor provides the following advantages for the car:
- traction performance at low speeds increases. The car does not slip in the mud on rural roads or on asphalt with wet snow in the autumn. Good performance in the last parameter is also determined by the installation of high-quality studded tires;
- Niva fuel consumption decreases when traveling on rural roads and the highway;
- the lifespan of the engine increases.
However, there are also disadvantages to installing a diesel engine on a Niva. The weight of the car increases, and in city mode this affects the increase in fuel consumption. Vibrations from the diesel engine are transmitted to the body. A diesel engine from a foreign car requires replacement of foreign-made parts. Therefore, the cost of repairing such a power unit increases.
What diesel engines can be installed on the Niva in the list:
- Peugeot XUD 9SD;
- Peugeot XUD 11SD;
- Volkswagen Vento.
Together with the installation of the above-described engines, a gearbox from Fiat Polonese is suitable. It will take a little work to remodel, but it's worth the effort.
What you will need to do:
- Install pillows from VAZ 21215.
- Install a bellhousing and gearbox from an already known Fiat.
- Slightly alter the pan, oil intake, flywheel and some other parts.
- All changes must be submitted through the traffic police.
After such tuning, you will not need to invest in the car for another five years. The only thing that is needed is to observe regular technical inspection and preventive replacement of consumables: filters from air to diesel, oil seals, if the machine was used in difficult conditions, for example, such as heat and frost below 20 degrees Celsius with a minus sign.
Let's now see which engine can be installed on the Niva, but without making modifications and without completely reinstalling the “heart” system of the engine. Some of the engines listed above still have the ability to fit without modifying the space for the engine. Let us describe in more detail why these engines are good.
Options without modifications
The Chevrolet Niva will be equipped with the Peugeot XUD engine without modifications. Replacing with this power unit is better than installing the original new engine. Firstly, it is more durable than the one that was originally installed on the Niva. Secondly, a dozen different engines will be inferior in terms of power and maintainability compared to Pezhovsky. You don't have to replace many parts to get the motor to fit into the car and interact with the wheels and transmission.
Another disadvantage of this engine is its high cost. It is installed on Niva cars for export. Therefore, parts for it have a high price.
The remaining diesel engines are installed with modifications.
Modified options
Engines on the Niva with modifications are already coming from Toyota and Volkswagen. I wrote about them above and how they need to be changed so that the engine works properly was also described. However. If you do not understand the design of power units, then it is better to leave the replacement procedure to experienced mechanics.
Therefore, I will not go into details. I’d rather write what you need to know when swapping an engine for diesel or gasoline:
- the power unit must be freely placed under the hood in the engine space of the car;
- The maximum permissible excess power is no more than 20 horses. Otherwise, other parts of the car will not withstand the load;
- swap should be useful.
Now let's talk about gasoline power units.
Problems
Despite the fact that the power unit has become quite popular, and owners of cars with such an engine under the hood leave extremely positive reviews about it, there are some characteristic breakdowns and design flaws:
- The VAZ 21213 1.7 l carburetor engine differs in oil consumption. But this is due to the fact that owners of domestic cars are constantly trying to save on lubricants. This entails accelerated formation of carbon deposits not only on the valves, but also on the cylinder walls. As a result, oil consumption per thousand kilometers is about 1 liter.
- The engine may start to stall. This development is generally very prone to vibrations due to poor balancing, but very strong shaking begins in the event of a breakdown of the cylinder head gasket or when one of the valves burns out. The same problem can arise if problems arise in valve adjustment.
- Many owners may have a problem with overheating. This could be due to several reasons, the most common being a faulty thermostat. Also, a clogged radiator or air pockets in the cooling system can also affect the increased operating temperature. You should carefully monitor the temperature, otherwise the cylinder head may fail.
- The engine can be very loud, and the culprit is either the damper and timing chain tensioner, or the pump drive bearing. Also, do not forget about the need to constantly adjust the thermal clearances of the valves, since this can also cause extraneous noise.
- A metallic sound may begin to be heard from under the hood, which corresponds to critical wear of the piston group. In this case, you should contact a service station as soon as possible.
Manufacturers stated that the engine life is 80 thousand kilometers. But do not be afraid of such indicators, since with normal maintenance and operation it can operate normally for about 150 thousand kilometers without causing serious problems.
Calculation for a foreign internal combustion engine
Numerous experiments with the Niva Chevrolet diesel engine have shown that a foreign car engine of similar volume and power (no more than 120 hp) is significantly superior to a standard gasoline engine.
The installation of domestic Barnaul diesel and foreign aspirated engines, on the contrary, did not reveal any serious advantages. The car turned out to be sluggish, the maximum speed and elasticity dropped, and the characteristic tractor sound of a running diesel engine was annoying. Therefore, the optimal solution is to install modern turbocharged engines, which eliminates most of these disadvantages.
The ideal option for a new “heart” for the Chevrolet Niva is considered to be engines from the XUD SD line from Peugeot. These motors are well known from such models as the Peugeot Partner, 307 and other cars of the concern. The engine life exceeds 500 thousand km with timely maintenance.
The advantage of this diesel engine is that it is installed on standard mounts under the hood and docked with a VAZ gearbox, which greatly simplifies the amount of alterations. In some cases, a Fiat Polonez gearbox with an original clutch is installed with the same engine. This hybrid Niva consumes only 7.5 liters of fuel per 100 km, and the torque of 195 Nm is enough for off-road and comfortable driving on the highway.
Advantages and disadvantages
At the time of its creation, ICE 21213 had the following advantages over earlier versions:
- trouble-free carburetor - does not require frequent adjustments, when adjusted by a specialist, it ensures gasoline consumption at the level of injection injection;
- improved performance - in addition to power/torque, speed and throttle response have increased;
- several repair sizes of ShPG - major repairs can be performed several times without purchasing a new unit.
ShPG 21213
The disadvantage is the excessive noise during operation of the internal combustion engine, high consumption of fuel and lubricants and antifreeze. Currently, instead of standard elastic cylinder head gaskets, metal packages with a long service life can be used. However, machine grinding of the surface of the head and block, respectively, will be required.
Users note among the disadvantages of the motor the low quality of the factory assembly. For example, the connecting rod pin bushings are pressed in incorrectly - with a cut in an arbitrary direction. And these parts experience maximum loads at dead spots, so in the literature it is recommended to press them either at 45 degrees or in a horizontal direction, which will increase the service life of this consumable.
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Gasoline engine on Chevrolet Niva
Not only imported engines are suitable for the Niva. Domestic production is also quite suitable. For example, a sixteen-valve power unit from VAZ can be easily installed without modification. It has lower fuel consumption than diesel engines and more power.
Car owners of such an engine are advised to change the camshafts for traction. There is no need to replace the gearbox. Engines from foreign cars require improvement. The next block will show which gasoline power units are suitable for swapping a Niva engine.
With modification
Niva is suitable for an engine from a BMW M42, M43 or Toyota, but gasoline. You will need to buy some parts for the swap, but changing the engine to one of these will give results that will surprise you. The car will become more maneuverable and will respond better to the accelerator pedal.
The fuel consumption of these power units is low. Therefore, you won’t have to spend money on them if you only follow the technical inspection rules and visit service centers on time.
Similar article How to increase the power of an 8 valve VAZ 2114 engine with your own hands
No modifications
Many engines that are suitable without modifications for the Chevrolet Niva do not differ from the power unit that left the factory with the vehicle. Therefore, experienced mechanics advise installing an additional turbine if you want to increase engine power. The choice of gasoline engines is much higher than that of diesel engines.
A budget engine that will successfully fit into a Chevrolet Niva is Toyota’s 3S. There is no need to make major changes when installing this power unit. You can install a transmission from this car and a transfer case. Then Niva will become more powerful.
Maintenance
Considering the fact that the design of the engine is quite simple, its maintenance comes down to classic activities, like repairing the VAZ 21213 engine. In most cases, it is enough to follow only simple regulations, and the power unit will last a long time:
- The VAZ 21213 engine oil needs to be checked every 500 kilometers, and if the level is below the minimum, then it should be topped up. Manufacturers allow a consumption of 0.7 liters per 1000 kilometers. It is recommended to choose the type of lubricant depending on weather conditions among 15W-40, 5W-40, 10W-40 and 5W30. The engine crankcase contains 3.75 liters of oil, but since some of it remains in the engine, it is worth using 3.5 liters for replacement.
- If you just purchased a motor, then you should change the oil every 2-3 thousand kilometers.
- After traveling 10 thousand kilometers, it is recommended to change the engine oil along with the filter, and also pay attention to adjusting the thermal clearances of the valves.
- The lubrication system of the power unit must be flushed after 30 thousand kilometers.
Features of installing a diesel engine on a VAZ 2121
If the manufacturer does not provide the opportunity to buy a Lada 4×4 with a diesel engine, then craftsmen will appear who will install it with their own hands. So, which diesel engine is suitable for the VAZ 2121? Here are the most popular models:
- Peugeot XUD-9SD (1.9 l, about 70 hp) together with Fiat Polonez gearbox.
- Peugeot XUD 11 with Fiat Polonez gearbox.
- Toyota 3C (79 hp) or 3ST (100 hp) together with Toyota Noah gearbox.
- Motor from Volkswagen Vento.
- And many others.
To install a diesel engine, a large number of modifications will be required. The simplest and most common way of such tuning is to use the engine that was installed for export versions of the SUV (XUD-9SD). Its installation requires the least amount of changes to the machine design. It has a good location of the oil intake (in the front, not in the center or rear), the oil filter (on the front left, like the Lada 4x4) and attachment points to the body. In addition, it is easy to find spare parts for this engine model. The approximate procedure is as follows:
- Engine mounts are suitable for VAZ 21215.
- The gearbox bell and the box itself fit well from Fiat Polonez.
- Rework the pan, oil intake, flywheel, exhaust system, etc.
- The easiest way is to complete all the modifications according to the documents.
In other words, no diesel engine can be installed instead of a gasoline engine without modifications. What do you think, is it necessary to change the Lada 4×4 internal combustion engine to a diesel one? If yes, which one and why? Let us remind you that you can improve off-road performance in an easier way, for example, by installing mud tires.
From a foreign car
Do you want to install the engine in the Niva without modifications? Then try another diesel from Pegout XUD9SD with a volume of 1.9. The engine is very reliable and torquey, and what’s most interesting is that it fits perfectly into the Niva using almost all fastenings.
After this modification, the Niva will become very dynamic, and it will definitely not let you down off-road. There will be no problems with spare parts.
In conclusion, I would like to say that absolutely any engine can be installed in any car. The most important thing is desire, without it you can’t go anywhere. And love your car.
Photos taken from the Internet!
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