Priora engine 16 valves: technical characteristics

The release of the new VAZ 2170 Lada Priora model in 2007 is rightfully considered an undoubted achievement of the domestic automobile industry. The new car is able to compete on equal terms in its technical and operational characteristics with imported analogues of the same class and is a very attractive option in its price category.

Lada Priora engine review

General characteristics

Initially, the car was equipped with an 8-valve engine from the VAZ 2114, about which car enthusiasts in practice know all the characteristics, in particular, what kind of service life it has in different modes. Therefore, the first “Priors” did not receive rave reviews from customers.

Subsequently, the car was equipped with its own 16-valve unit modification 21126 with a displacement of 1.6 liters and a power of 98 horsepower, which made the VAZ 2170 truly competitive. Dynamic performance has been improved, emissions into the environment and fuel consumption have been reduced. Relatively recently, an updated version of the 21127 engine with a power of 106 hp appeared. which has been installed on Priora since 2013. Comparative characteristics of all three units are given in Table 1.

Table 1

Signs of the need for internal combustion engine repair

The reasons why the operation of the engine is disrupted are arranged in a small list, starting with refusal to start and ending with floating idle speed (this problem was removed on the 127 “engine”). Not all breakdowns end in capital damage - sometimes it’s enough to add oil, sometimes it’s enough to adjust the ECU settings.

Compression reduction

A decrease in cylinder compression below 16 atmospheres is a bad sign. Such a high limit corresponds to a compression ratio of 11.

If the compression decreases (or vice versa increases), then the “engine” will have to be rebuilt.

Knocks in the engine

Engine knocks can come from several points. These could be hydraulic compressors, timing belt rollers or pins. The knocking noise could also be caused by low oil level. The answer to the question will be given by a thorough detailed inspection of all parts of the unit and checking the oil level.

Blue smoke from the exhaust pipe

The blue smoke that comes from the exhaust pipe appears when oil enters the combustion chamber. It can leak either from the valves or from under the piston. The result is the same: the oil is eaten up and blue smoke pours out of the chimney. Once the leak is located, half the problem will already be solved.

Troit motor

Sometimes in the cold the engine may stall - don’t be alarmed by this, because it may simply be one of the spark plugs that fails. In this case, we advise you to simply restart the engine and it will stop running.

Updates and shortcomings

The table clearly shows how many horses the Priora had with the old power plant and how the power and torque changed as the update progressed. Here is a description of how the design features of the new units changed compared to the old ones:

1. The number of valves has increased, there are 4 of them for each cylinder. It's no secret what a positive impact this factor has on engine performance. The filling of the cylinder with the combustible mixture improves, the chamber is qualitatively emptied of combustion products (exhaust gases), the operation of the unit becomes more stable, power increases while fuel consumption decreases.
2. The compression ratio is increased by increasing the piston stroke. The new engine 21126 and 21127 now uses gasoline with a higher octane number, but at the same time the efficiency of fuel combustion increases, which has a positive effect on power. It’s impossible not to notice how the working volume of the Priora’s engine has increased thanks to the increased piston stroke.
3. In modification 21127, compared to 21126, the intake manifold was modified. How this affected the engine performance of the Priora can be seen in the table. Power increased by 8 hp. in addition, performance at low and medium speeds has improved.
4. The new engines on the Priora have better environmental performance and lower fuel consumption. This was achieved through such improvements as modernizing the crankcase ventilation system and reducing the weight of the piston group. Now crankcase gases are burned more intensively in the cylinders and the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere has decreased.
5. Over the many years of operation of VAZ vehicles, a definite opinion has developed that the power units of Zhiguli cars do not last 150 thousand km until they are overhauled. Now, due to the use of new, higher quality components, the engine life has increased to at least 200 thousand km.

Despite the fact that the updated Priora engine is almost the most advanced domestic unit, it has its drawbacks. For example, when a timing belt breaks, the valves inevitably collide with the pistons and bend - this is its most serious drawback. How to eliminate it without waiting for trouble? It is necessary to replace the standard pistons with new ones, with special selections for the valves.

The remaining shortcomings are not so significant and they are usually associated with some kind of defect that can still be found on domestic cars. This could be increased noise from the operation of hydraulic compensators (often found on VAZ cars), an unexpectedly burnt gasket under the cylinder head, or floating idle speed. Or some unit of the attached equipment fails:

• a drop in fuel pressure in the system leads to difficulty starting the Priora engine and loss of its power;
• sensor malfunctions;
• air leaks in the fuel tract through the pipes;
• problems with the injector throttle valve.

Does engine 126 bend valves?

When choosing a new or used car, buyers often have a natural question whether the VAZ 126 engine bends the valve or not. All models equipped with internal combustion engines: Priora, VAZ 21126, 21116, 21127 suffer from a common drawback - when the timing belt breaks, the valves are deformed , and damage to the piston group also occurs.

Interesting: The VAZ 21124 engine is the only model that does not suffer from this problem. The 124th engine was installed on cars of the cheapest standard versions. In the modern version, the Priora 124 power unit has been replaced by the 116th model from Lada Granta.

Recommendations for improvement

For the first time, it was decided to increase the power of the new Priora 21126 engine at the factory in order to create a sports modification of it. Camshafts with increased lift, a lightweight connecting rod and piston group were installed, and the intake and exhaust tracts were modified. This is how the first domestic sports unit appeared, which was put into production, and they began to install it on the Lada Granta Sport model.

The technical characteristics of the engine are as follows: engine power from the Priora has increased to 118 hp. torque - up to 154 Nm at 4700 rpm, fuel consumption also increased to 7.8 liters per 100 km with a combined driving cycle. We will give a number of recommendations on how to independently increase the power of Priora engines:

1. The simplest and most affordable way is to install a zero-resistance exhaust tract. The essence of its work is to reduce the resistance of the path, as a result of which some of the power spent on overcoming this resistance will be released and become useful.
2. The same operating principle applies to the zero-resistance intake tract. Installing the receiver and throttle body to 56 mm will allow the power unit to “breathe” more freely, and your Lada Priora will become several horsepower more powerful.
3. Deeper tuning - new camshafts with a sports configuration, allowing the intake and exhaust valves to open more. This will give a noticeable increase in the agility of the car, especially in city conditions.
4. Replacing the standard valves and connecting rod-piston group with a lightweight one will again release some of the useful energy of the unit and add it to the main power. Here you can kill two birds with one stone: install pistons with recesses, thereby eliminating the possibility of them “meeting” with the valves when the timing belt breaks.
5. We should not forget about CHIP tuning. After major changes in the engine configuration, its operating mode will definitely improve, and in order to optimize it and adjust fuel consumption, you need to do a flashing.

Recommendations are given taking into account that the power plant is in good technical condition. If this is not the case, when tuning it is worth replacing worn parts and oil in order to get the desired effect from the changes. As a result of the above measures, the Lada Priora will receive an additional 20-30 hp. without reducing the resource.

How many horses can Priora have in addition to this? Quite a lot, there are capabilities and components to increase the power ultimately to 400 hp. This is due to a radical modification of the power plant: boring the cylinders, grinding the cylinder head, replacing the injectors and fuel pump with more efficient ones, installing four throttle valves and a turbocharger.

We should not forget about modernizing the brake system. Such tuning will give excellent results in terms of power, but the engine life will be significantly reduced, and fuel consumption, on the contrary, will increase significantly.

Design Features

All internal combustion engines on Priora operate at a temperature of 95 degrees. They are able to withstand such high degrees thanks to a special alloy of the cylinder head, which does not deform when heated to high temperatures.

However, if it’s hot outside, the engine quickly heats up and in traffic jams it starts to push and stall. Operating a power device at temperatures above 110 degrees is dangerous for it. The lifespan is reduced, rubbing parts wear out quickly.

Crank mechanism

The engine pistons are made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon. This ensures their high wear resistance and temperature resistance. The head of each piston is cylindrical with a flat bottom. The skirt is oval in cross section and barrel-shaped in longitudinal section.

To improve and speed up the running-in of the mechanism, the entire surface of the piston is coated with tin. And compression rings are cast from cast iron. The outer surface of the upper ring, which is adjacent to the cylinder, is coated with chrome plating. This increases the lifespan of the ring.

The height of the compression rings is 2 mm, and the height of the oil scraper ring is 4.9 mm. The piston pins are made of low alloy steel. They are selected for the pistons with minimal clearance. This is necessary to prevent your fingers from knocking while working.

timing belt

The timing belt of the Priora car is made of a durable belt. Many car owners say that it is the gas distribution mechanism that is the problem with Priora engines. At 100 thousand kilometers you may find cracks on the timing belt or light chips in the rubber. This means that he is living his last kilometers. When replacing a belt, it is best to change the entire gas distribution mechanism. Namely, sprockets, a crankshaft toothed pulley with a washer, sometimes replace the generator belt.

The belts that are installed in engines on Lada Priora have 137 teeth. If one wears out, slippage begins, and sometimes the belt can hit the valves. As a result of the break, it hits the valves with 100% accuracy and bends them.

Therefore, experienced mechanics recommend putting the car in for preventive maintenance every 12 months or 100,000 kilometers. Thus, the car owner will avoid major engine repairs or complete replacement.

Systems

The closed liquid cooling system on the Priora allows the engine to cool better on hot days or when idling in traffic jams. It effectively removes heat and prevents the Priora from overheating even at temperatures of plus fifty Celsius.

The power supply system on the car is injection. Carburetor systems are already a thing of the past. Now the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber at a certain angle, oil and air are supplied and then everything is mixed. Such innovations ensured stable operation of the motor.

Similar article Technical characteristics and maintenance of the 603 Mercedes engine

The upgraded crankcase ventilation system does not allow large amounts of exhaust gases to be released into the atmosphere. The reduction and modernization of the connecting rod and piston group reduced the amount of gasoline consumed by the Priora engine.

Let's look at the list of cars on which these engines were installed.

Rules for long-term use

Surely every Priora owner wants to operate his car without unnecessary unexpected costs and is thinking about how to increase the car’s service life. To do this you need to follow a few simple rules:

1. The power unit of the VAZ 2170, even without various improvements, has sufficient potential for “spirited” driving. But in order to save it and extend its life, such driving should be avoided. Smooth acceleration and maintaining a stable speed not only on the highway, but also in the city will help extend the life of the engine and save fuel and your own money. The maximum permissible speed on the highway should be no higher than 120 km/h, the optimal speed is 100-110 km/h, and it is important to maintain stability.
2. It is important to timely replace consumables, that is, oils in units, filters, spark plugs, high voltage wires, generator and timing belts, and coolant. The interval between engine oil changes depends on its quality and chemical base. Mineral-based oils should be changed more often, synthetic oils less often. You should never determine the quality of motor oil by its color. If it has acquired a black tint, this does not mean that the oil is bad - it means that an excessive amount of combustion product deposits is formed in the engine. First of all, you need to find the source of the carbon deposits and eliminate it, and then change the oil.

• The new engine must be properly broken in, and then the oil must be changed, following the manufacturer's instructions. When running in, avoid increased loads, sudden movements of the accelerator pedal, and do not exceed the speed specified in the instructions.
• Always monitor the engine coolant temperature, check the operation of the electric cooling fan, thermostat and temperature sensor. Overheating is the main enemy of the piston group; every time the temperature is exceeded, it wears out intensely, and the life of the unit is sharply reduced.

“Lada Priora” is a modern high-speed domestic car that will bring its owner a lot of positive impressions and driving pleasure, provided that the engine is cared for and properly modified and operated.

Summary data for Lada Priora (before restyling 2013)

The VAZ 2170 (this is exactly the indexing that Priora received) has an improved interior compared to the “ten”, a 16-valve engine with a volume of 1596 cc. see, and a 5-speed manual transmission in all trim levels (in the first trim levels of the sedan and hatchback with an 80 hp engine, an 8-valve engine was installed). In mixed driving mode, the Priora has 100 km. it takes from 6.6 to 7.6 liters. fuel outside the city (depending on the configuration), and in the city - 9.8 liters. The new engine allows you to accelerate to 180 km/h, and to “hundreds” in 12 seconds. This property attracts the attention of fans of high-speed racing, because by working on the engine and tuning the car, you can achieve good sports performance.

pros

"Lada Priora", without a doubt, captivated many with its characteristics and price. However, its engine has a number of pros and cons, knowing which you can avoid many problems. Among the advantages are the following:

As you can see, there are many advantages. It is not difficult to understand why the Lada Priora became so popular in Russia. The Russian-made car was created for our roads, and its design took into account all the pitfalls. But not a single thing can be ideal, so disadvantages can also be found in the VAZ-2170.

Boring the Priora engine or how to increase the volume

Let's start with how you don't need to increase the volume, an example would be the famous VAZ 21128 engine, don't do that)). One of the easiest options to increase volume is to install a motorcycle kit, for example STI, we choose it for our 197.1 mm block, but do not forget about the jambs of the 128 engine, do not rush to install a long-stroke elbow. You can go the other way and purchase a high block 199.5 mm Priora, 80 mm crankshaft, bore the cylinders to 84 mm and a connecting rod 135.1 mm pin 19 mm, this will give a total of 1.8 volume and without damage to R/S, the engine can be twist freely, install evil shafts and squeeze out more power than a regular 1.6l. To spin your engine even more, you can build up a standard block with a plate, how to do it, how it spins on a 4-throttle intake and wide shafts.

Where is the engine identification number on the Priora?

The engine code is found using these three means:

• lighting device;
• car passport;
• vehicle operating instructions.

The Vin code of a car from the VAZ manufacturer can be located in several standard places, regardless of the modification of the car or the number of valves:

• on the cylinder on both sides or on one;
• near the hole where the amount of engine lubrication is checked;
• where the engine is connected to the automatic or manual transmission;
• at the base of the corrector.

Sometimes the motor coding may be located in a different place. But this rarely happens.

Engine number on 16 valve

The engine number of 16 valves on a Priora can be viewed by first removing the air filter housing. Disconnect the corrugation. Using a mirror, the car owner will see two rows of numbers. Since the coding is located on the cylinder block below the thermostat housing.

Internal "stuffing"

Compared to the VAZ-2110, the Priora looks much lighter and more mobile. The whole point lies in the completely redesigned bumpers and rear axle of the car, which received a new design. The interior details also received an update. The ground clearance is 165 cm, which is ideal for light off-road conditions and Russian roads. The engineers also took care of savings: fuel consumption per 100 km is only 5-8 liters, depending on the driving mode. The maximum speed of the VAZ-2170 is quite high - 183 km/h. On the highway the car can move at a comfortable speed of 110 km/h. The Priora can accelerate to 100 km in 12 seconds, which is standard for cars in this category.

But the new Lada model is good not only internally. Attention was also paid to the interior of the car, the design of which was developed by a young Italian company. Only high quality materials are used in the manufacture of the machine, there are no gaps between the seams, and overall the model looks very European. The range includes several body options and color schemes, which allows each buyer to choose exactly the option that suits him best. But the main thing in a car is the engine, and it is this that determines its power and character. What can you say about the Lada Priora engine?

, 1 (2007)

Unqualified maintenance

Insufficient quality of air purification, or, even worse, a break in the air filter curtain will reduce the service life of the motor significantly. A heavily clogged filter will not let dirt through, but neither will air. The motor will operate in an off-design mode, and this will not extend its life.

It is important to follow the replacement intervals prescribed in the instructions. More frequent replacement is needed only in steppes and semi-deserts with their eternal dust. I advise you not to buy the cheapest filters - they can let large particles through. A good thing cannot be too cheap. It is best to buy filters from online spare parts stores.

Which power unit is better to choose?

If we summarize all the above features, then the following becomes clear:

1. An engine with 8 valves is easier to maintain, cheaper to repair, works better on low-quality fuel and oil, and is well suited for installing gas equipment. At the same time, such an engine consumes more fuel, produces less power, is more vibration-loaded and noisier.
2. A power unit with 16 valves allows for better dynamics, it is more powerful, consumes less fuel, and does not vibrate as much. In parallel with this, the requirements for the quality of fuel and lubricants are increasing, and the costs of maintenance and repairs are increasing.

Exceptions

For example, in some older Lada Priora models with a 16-valve engine, car owners will not find stamped numbers in the usual place. This is prevented by the characteristic features of the car. Therefore, the manufacturer recommends looking in the following places when trying to compare the stamped motor code with the documentation:

• right wing front;
• at the bottom of the body;
• in the cabin, to the left of the driver's seat.

If it is not found in these places, then you need to look for it in the old ones. It is better to immediately find out the VIN code of the engine from the selling car owner, so as not to have problems with the traffic police later. It is necessary for the seller to show where the number is located and help in checking it with the code that is written in the documents.

Factors affecting the service life of the VAZ 2170

According to the manufacturer, the ICE 21126 with sixteen valves has a stable operation duration of 200 thousand kilometers. After a certain mileage it is necessary to carry out major repairs. Taking good care of the VAZ 2170, proper maintenance (MOT) and timely replacement of damaged components and parts will lead to a long service life of the vehicle.

Reasons affecting the service life of the power unit:

1. Engine overheating. Elevated temperatures of a running engine negatively affect the overall service life of the motor. Maintaining the operating temperature of the power unit elements at a constant level significantly extends its operating time.
2. Fuel. The vehicle's owner's manual contains detailed information about the recommended brand of gasoline. Filling the 16-valve Priora engine with fuel must be of proven quality.
3. Machine oils. Which oil is best to fill, its brand and how much lubricant is needed is indicated in the accompanying documentation for the car. The 126 sixteen valve engine accepts semi-synthetic and synthetic motor oils most well. A complete oil change should be carried out annually or after a mileage of 15 thousand kilometers.

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